Learning Competency 2: Identifies the parameter to be

tested given a real life

problem

Learning Competency 3: Formulates the appropraite null and

alternative
hypotheses on a population mean
By the end of this lesson, you are expected
to:
 
1. Identify the parameter to be tested given a
real-life problem.
2. Formulate the appropriate null and
alternative hypotheses on a population mean.
 
z-Test on the Comparison Between the
Population Mean and Sample Mean
 

z-test on the comparison between

the population mean and sample
mean is used when the population
mean and the population standard
deviation are known, and is
compared to a sample mean .
Example 1:
A manufacturer of ethyl alcohol has developed a new
packaging design. He claims that the new packaging
design has an average reduction of production
expenses of Php 5.00 per bottle with a standard
deviation of Php 2.00. A manager of one of their satellite
production branch claims that the 200 samples of this
new packaging design has an average reduction of
production expenses of Php 3.00. Test the difference of
the population and sample means at 0.05 level of
significance.
 
Solution:
Given: sample size
Parameter: population mean population standard deviation
Statistic: sample mean
Formulation of null and alternative hypotheses.
The average reduction of production expenses of the new packaging
design of ethyl alcohol is Php 5.00.
In symbol,
The average reduction of production expenses of the new packaging
design of ethyl alcohol is less than Php 5.00.
In symbol,
(We used less than in because the sample average is Php3.00 which is
less than the population average Php5.00)
Example 2:
A manufacturer of face mask has developed
a new face mask design. He claims that the
new design has an average profit increase of
10% with a standard deviation of 3%. Test the
hypothesis that the new face mask design
average profit increase of is not 10% if a
random sample of 50 face mask is tested with
an average profit increase of 4%. Use 10%
level of significance.
 
Solution:
Given: sample size
Parameter: population mean population standard deviation
Statistic: sample mean
Step 1. Formulation of null and alternative hypotheses.
The average profit increase of the new face mask design is 10%.
In symbol,
The average profit increase of the new face mask design is not
10%.
In symbol,
(We used not equal because it was indicated in the problem.)
 
Example 3:
A teacher conducted a study to know if
blended learning affects the students’
performances. A class of 30 students of
Grade 11 was surveyed and found out that
their mean score was 83 with a standard
deviation of 4. A study from other country
revealed that with a standard deviation of
3. Test the hypothesis at 0.10 level of
significance.
 
Solution:
Given: sample size
Parameter: population mean population standard deviation
Statistic: sample mean
Step 1. Formulation of null and alternative hypotheses.
The mean score of students’ performances in blended learning is 80.
In symbol,
The mean score of students’ performances in blended learning is
greater
than 80
In symbol,
(We used greater than because sample mean 83 is greater than
population mean 80.)
 Answer the Activity 6 on page 23 of your
module. Write your answer in your answer
sheet
t-Test on the Comparison Between the
Population Mean and Sample Mean
 
 
This test will be used when the population standard
deviation is unknown but the sample standard
deviation is known or can be computed. The t-test will
replace z-test. The degrees of freedom df is the
number of pieces of independent information available
for computing variability. The required number of
degrees of freedom varies depending on the size of
the distribution. Hence, for a single group of
population and for two groups for t-test where and
are the population size.
Example 1:
The mean number of hours of student to
finish answering the Statistics Module is 5
hours. A random sample of 15 students was
asked and found that their mean number of
hours to finish answering the Statistics
module is 6 hours with a standard deviation
of 2 hours. Test the hypothesis at 5% level
of significance.
 
 Solution:
Given: sample size
Parameter: population mean
Statistic: sample mean sample standard deviation
 
Step 1. Formulation of null and alternative hypotheses.
The mean number of hours of student to finish answering the Statistics
Module is 5 hours.
In symbol,

The mean number of hours of student to finish answering the Statistics Module is
greater than 5 hours
In symbol,
 
(We used greater than in because the sample mean 6 is greater than the population
mean 5.)
Example 2:
In a study of television viewing, the mean
number of television program they watched during
daytime was 7. A survey was conducted on the
random sample of 25 households and found that
the mean number of television program they
watched during daytime was 5 with a standard
deviation of 1.5. Test the hypothesis at 10% level
of significance.  
 
Given: sample size
Parameter: population mean
Statistic: sample mean sample standard deviation
Step 1. Formulation of null and alternative hypotheses.
mean number of television program they watched during
daytime was 7.
In symbol,
The average profit increase of the new face mask design
is not 10%.
In symbol,
(We used less than because the sample mean 5 is less than
the population mean 7.)
 Answer the Activity 7 on page 26 of your
module. Write your answer in your answer
sheet
Answer the Assessment on page 27 of your
module. Write your answer in your answer
sheet