CURRENT, RESISTANCE AND

ELECTROMOTIVE FORCE

UNIT 4
Table of Contents

Introduction Presentation
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Analysis Conclusion
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 ELECTRIC
CURRENT (I)
is the rate of charge flow past
a given point in an electric
circuit, measured in
Coulombs/second which is
named Amperes.
 ELECTRIC
 
CURRENT (I) I=
Where:
I = Current (Ampere or C/s)
Q = Charge (Coulomb)
t = Time (seconds)

The SI unit for electric current is called Ampere (A) named

after Andre’ Marie Ampere which is equivalent to Coulomb
per seconds.
Example 1:
A steady current of 5A is maintained in a metallic conductor. What charge Q in
coulombs is transferred through it in 1 minute?

Given: I= 5A Q= ? t= 1 min= 60 sec

Solution:
Q = It
= 5A x 60 s
= 300C
Example 2:
A 2 mm long cross section of wire is isolated and 20 C of charge is determined to pass
through it in 40 s.

Given: I= ? Q= 20 C t= 40 sec

Solution:
I = Q/t
= 20C / 40 sec
= 0.5 A
Example 3:
A 1 mm long cross section of wire is isolated and 2 C of charge is determined to pass
through it in 0.5 s.

Given: I= ? Q= 2 C t= 0.5 sec

Solution:
I = Q/t
= 2C / 0.5 sec
= 4A
OHM’S LAW
“Current is directly
proportional to Voltage and
inversely proportional to
Resistance.”
OHM’S LAW  

I=
Where: ●  
I = Current (Ampere or C/s)
V = Voltage (V)
R = Resistance ()
Example 1:
What current is in an electric iron having a hot resistance of 22 Ω when connected across
a 220V line?

Given: I= ? V= 220V R= 22 Ω
Solution:
I = V/R
= 220 V / 22Ω
= 10 A
Example 2:
What is the current through an electric toaster of 10 Ω resistance when it is connected to a
220V source?

Given: I= ? V= 220V R= 10 Ω
Solution:
I = V/R
= 220 V / 10Ω
= 22 A
Electromotive force
Emf=
IR

Where:
Emf = electromotive force (V)
I = current (A)
R = resistance (Ω)
Example 1:
What potential difference is required to pass 3A through 28 Ω?

Given: Emf= I= 3A R= 28 Ω

Solution:
Emf = IR
= 3A * 28Ω
= 84 V
Example 2:
What is the electromotive force of a battery with internal resistance of 1Ω and 2A
current?

Given: Emf= ? I= 2A R= 1Ω

Solution:
Emf = IR
= 2A * 1Ω
= 2V