MAHARAJA INSTITUTE OF

TECHNOLOGY,THANDAVAPURA.

  A SEMINAR PRESENTATION ON

   AIRBAGS SYSTEM IN AUTOMOBILE

PPT BY:
GURUKIRAN
4MN17ME013
8th SEMESTER
MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
  
CONTENTS
1. Abstract
2. Introduction
3. Definition
4. Classification
5. Advantages and Disadvantages
6. New Trends
7. Conclusion
8. References
ABSTRACT

The development of airbags began 

with the idea for a system that would 
restrain automobile drivers  and
passengers in an accident, whether or not
they were wearing their seat belts. 
INTRODUCTION
• Airbags  were first invented in 1953.
• The device was briefly available in US in mid-
1970.
• Ford built an experimental fleet of cars with
airbags in 1971.
• In 1980,Mercedes-benz introduced the airbag
in its M-B W-126 car.

• In 1998 the NHTSA mandated the airbags in many

automobiles.
DEFINITION

• An air bag, also known as a Secondary Restraint System (SRS) or an Air Cushion Restraint System (ACRS).

It is a flexible membrane or envelope, inflatable to contain air or some other gas.

 Air bags are most commonly used for cushioning, in particular after very rapid inflation in the case of an automobile
collision. 
The bag itself is made of a thin nylon fabric which is folded into the
steering wheel / dashboard and  more recently in  the seat or door.
The sensor is the device that tells the bag to inflate.
Inflation happens when there is a collision force equal
to running into a brick wall at 16 to 24 km per hour.
The air bag's inflation system reacts sodium azide
(NaN3) with potassium nitrate (KNO3) to produce
nitrogen gas. Hot blasts of the nitrogen inflate the air
bag.
Chemical Reactions Used to Generate the
Gas 
When the car undergoes a head-on collision, a series of two
chemical reactions inside the gas generator produce gas (N2)
to fill the airbag

Gas- Reactants Products

Generator
Reaction

Initial Reaction NaN3 Na

N2 (g)

Second Reaction. Na K2O

KNO Na2O
N2 (g)
Here is the location of the airbag Controller.
Airbags are classified as

• Beardy air bags.

• Seat and door-mounted air bags.
• Side air bags (inflatable tubular structures
and inflatable curtains).
Door-Mounted air bags.
ADVANTAGES

• Air bags supplement the safety belt by reducing the

chance that the occupant's head and upper body will
strike some part of the vehicle's interior.
• They also help reduce the risk of serious injury by
distributing crash forces more evenly across the
occupant's body.
• Even though the whole process happens in only one-
twenty-fifth of a second, the additional time is
enough to help prevent serious injury.
• Air bags costs less than $ 100.
"One recent study concluded that as
many as 6,000 lives have been saved
as a result of airbags."
DISADVANTAGES

• Airbags they can also injure at some  few

circumstances. 

• Injuries Such as abrasion of the skin, hearing damage

(from the sound during deployment).

•  Head injuries and breaking of nose, fingers, hands or

arms can occur as the airbag deploys.
NEW TRENDS
• Many advanced air bag technologies are being
developed to tailor air bag deployment, the size and
posture of the vehicle occupant.
• Many of systems will use multi-stage inflators that
deploy less forcefully in stages in moderate crashes
than in very severe crashes.
• Some systems may also have an on/off switch, which
allows the air bag to be deactivated.
• In 2006, Honda introduced the first motorcycle airbag
safety system ever installed on a production
motorcycle.
The airbag installed on Honda’s Gold Wing motorcycle.
CONCLUSION

The airbag will lower the number of

injuries or deaths when automobile go
for an accident.
REFERENCES
• Bell, W.L. "Chemistry of Air Bags," J. Chem. Ed.
• Insurance Institute for Highway Safety. "Airbag
Statistics."
• Autolive: Leader in Automotive Safety, "
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Airbag".
• Insurance Institute for Highway Safety. "Airbag
http://www.hwysafety.org/airbags/airbag.htm
THANK YOU