DENTAL SCIENCE

HEAD AND NECK ANATOMY AND

DENTAL DENTAL MORPHOLOGY
 INTRODUCTION TO DENTAL SCIENCE

Dentistry: also known as dental medicine and and oral medicine, is a

branch of the medicine that consists of the study, diagnosis, prevention,
and treatment of diseases, disorders, and conditions of the oral cavity,
commonly in the dentition but also in the oral mucosa, and of adjacent
and related structures and tissues.
THE DENTAL HEALTHCARE TEAM CONSIST OF THE FOLLOWING:

 Dentist (general dentist or specialist).

 Dental assistant.
 Dental hygienist.
 Dental laboratory technician.
 DENTIST

 Also known as a dental surgeon is a medical professional who specializes in dentistry,

the diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of diseases and conditions of the oral cavity. 
 DENTAL ASSISTANT

 Seat and prepares patients.

 Maintains and prepares treatment room and instruments.
 Assist dentist at chairside during patient treatment.
 Prepares and delivers dental material.
 Oversees infection control program.
 Performance radiographic procedure.
 DENTAL HYGIENIST

 Performs dental prophylaxis (removal of plaque from crowns and root surface.
 Performs scaling and root planning.
 Administration of local anesthesia.
 DENTAL LABORATORY TECHNICIAN.

 Performs laboratory work only under the licensed dentist prescription.

 Constructs and repair prosthetics devices (dentures).
 Constructs restoration (crowns and veneers).
 ORAL CAVITY

 The parts of the oral cavity are:

 Gingiva (gum)
 Dentition (teeth)
 tongue
 Hard palate
 Soft palate
 INTRODUCTION TO DENTAL ANATOMY

 Dentition : natural teeth in the dental arch.

 PEOPLE HAVE TWO SETS OF TEETH

 Primary teeth: deciduous teeth (baby teeth) = 20 teeth.

 Permanent teeth: secondary teeth (adult) = 32 teeth
 TEETH

 Anterior teeth: toward the front.

 Posterior teeth: toward the bach
 DENTAL ARCH (THE JAWS)

 Maxillary arch : upper arch.

 Mandibular arch : lower arch
 THE QUADRANTS

 When the maxillary and the mandibular arches are divided into halves.
 In the oral cavity there are four quadrants:
 Maxillary right quadrant
 Maxillary left quadrant
 Mandibular right quadrant
 Mandibular left quadrant
 LANDMARK OF THE FACE AND THE ORAL CAVITY

 The dental assistant must know about the landmarks of the face and the oral cavity.
Why?
 It is useful for dental radiography and other procedures.
 NOMENCLATURE

 Dent- tooth or teeth.

 Dental- anything related to teeth.
 Anatomy: is the branch of biology concerned with the study of the structure of
organisms and there parts.
 Dental anatomy: is a field of anatomy dedicated to the study of human tooth
structure, the development, appearance, classification of teeth and numbering system.
 THE FACE

 The face is defined as the part of the head that is visible in a frontal view and is
anterior to the ears and lies between the hairline and the chin.
 THE LIPS

 The lips is also known as lebia.

 Provides the geteway to the oral cavity. They are formed externally by skin and
internally by mucous membrane.
 Labial commissure: is the angle at the corner of the mouth where the upper and the
lower lips join.
 THE ORAL CAVITY

 The entire oral cavity is lined with mucous membrane tissue.

 THE GINGIVA (THE GUM)

 It is a mucosa that covers the alveolar processes of the jaws and surrounds the neck of
the teeth.
 THE GINGIVA IS DIVIDED INTO

 Unattached gingiva (free gingiva).

 Interdental gingiva.
 Gingival groove.
 Attached gingiva.
 THE PALATE

 Hard palate: the roof of the mouth

(immovable).
 Soft palate: the movable posterior third of
the palate (no bony support).
 Uvula: pear shape projection at the end of
the soft palate
uvula
 TONGUE

 The tongue is mainly composed of muscles.

 The tongue is responsible for a number of functions:
 1- speaking.
 2-positioning food while eating.
 3-tasting.
 4-swallowing.
 5- cleansing the oral cavity.
REFERENCE

Chapter 3, page(21-26)
Chapter 11, page(129-143)
Chapter10, page(130-138)

Prepared by:
dr. Nowf Alturki
Bachelor in dental surgery