TIMBER

EXTRACTION,MINING, DAMS
AND THEIR EFFECTS ON
FOREST AND TRIBAL PEAPLE
 TIMBER EXTRACTION;
 timber is a major resource of forest . the pre

and post independent periods of India

observed recorded use of timber for various
applications like furniture , doors ,windows
,roofing ,flooring , etc. till 1990,wood is used as
a fuel energy in rural India , to an extent of 50%.
At present the consumption is reduced , due to
imposition of ban on cutting valuable trees .
 Paper boards and newsprint also consume much

of our wood . With increasing population growth

our per capita consumption of paper is likely to
increase from 2 kg to 4.5 kg per year
 MINING
 mining is a process of removing deposits of ores

from the substantially very well below the ground

level

 large scale of deforestation has been reported in

Musoorie and dehradun valley due to mining of
various areas
 indiscriminate mining in Goa since 1961 has

destroyed more than 50000 ha of forest land

 more than 80000 ha of land in our country

presently comes under the stress of mining

activities
 DAMS AND THEIR EFFECTS
 our late prime minister Jawahar lal nehru

called dam as ‘temple of modern india’

because dams store plenty of rain water for
irrigation and general electricity.
 But these dams are also responsible for the

destruction of large areas of forest

 There are about 1500 dams the highest one is

tehri dam
 The maximum being in the state of

maharastra[more than 600] and followed by

gujarat[250]and mathya pradesh[130]
 EFFECTS ON FOREST AND TRIBAL PEOPLE
 Loss of soil fertility
 Loss of biodiversity
 Loss of unidentified species
 Prone to floods ,droughts and landslides
 Devastation of forest
 Submergence of forest land
 Displacement of tribal people
 REFERENCE
1.Rajesh dhankhar [2006] –timber
extraction, mining, dams and their effects on
forest and tribal people [page no 13-14] in
environmental studies published by daya
publishing house,delhi.