Hypnotic 

trance - a trance induced by the use of hypnos
is; the person accepts the suggestions of the hypnotist
trance
 - a state of mind in which consciousness is fragile and v
oluntary action is poor or missing; a state resembling dee
p sleep
Lie detection is an assessment of a verbal statement with the goal to
reveal a possible intentional deceit. Lie detection may refer to a
cognitive process of detecting deception by evaluating message
content as well as non-verbal cues.[1] It also may refer to questioning
techniques used along with technology that record physiological
functions to ascertain truth and falsehood in response.
General questioning and testing techniques
There are typically three types of questions used in polygraph testing
or voice stress analysis testing:
Irrelevant questions establish a baseline to compare other answers by
asking simple questions with clear true and false answers.
Comparison questions have an indirect relationship to the event or
circumstance, and they are designed to encourage the subject to lie.
Relevant questions are compared against comparison questions
(which should represent false answers) and irrelevant questions
(which should represent true answers). They are about whatever is
particularly in question.
Lie detection commonly involves the polygraph, [20] and is used to test both styles of
deception. It detects autonomic reactions[16], such as micro-expressions, breathing rate, skin
conductivity, and heart rate.[21] Microexpressions are the brief and incomplete nonverbal
changes in expression while the rest show an activation of the nervous system[20]. These
changes in body functions are not easily controlled by the conscious mind. They also may
consider respiration rate, blood pressure, capillary dilation, and muscular movement. While
taking a polygraph test the subject wears a blood pressure device to measure blood pressure
fluctuations. Respiration is measured by wearing pneumographs around the chest, and finally
electrodes are placed on the subject's fingers to measure skin conductivity. To determine truth
it is assumed the subject will show more signs of fear when answering the control questions
compared with the relevant questions. Polygraphs focus more on the exams predictive value
of guilt by comparing the responses of the participant to control questions, irrelevant
questions, and relevant questions to gauge arousal, which is then interpreted as a display of
fear and deception is assumed[20]. If a person is showing a deception there will be changes in
the autonomic arousal responses to the relevant questions. Results are considered
inconclusive if there is no fluctuation in any of the questions.[22]
These measures are supposed to indicate a short-term stress response which can be from lying
or significance to the subject. The problem becomes that they are also associated with mental
effort and emotional state, so they can be influenced by fear, anger, and surprise for example.
This technique may also be used with CQT and GKT.[2]
What does the term "truth serum" mean?
That's a term that was used to describe the use of certain drugs, most commonly
barbiturates like sodium amytal and sodium pentothal, to try to extract truthful
statements from people about their past experiences.  

The term "truth serum" refers to a number of mind-altering drugs that make you
incapable of lying, or so the theory goes. Yes, such mind-altering drugs exist, but
their effect does not completely inhibit a subject's ability to lie.
Some truth serums, like sodium thiopental, slow the speed at which your body
sends messages from your spinal chord to your brain. As a result, it's more difficult
to perform high-functioning tasks such as concentrating on a single activity like
walking a straight line or even lying. It's this concentration that you need to think
up a lie that truth serum takes away.
Narco Analysis Test or Narco Test: This refers to the practice of administering barbiturates or
certain other chemical substances, most often Pentothal Sodium, to lower a subject's inhibitions,
in the hope that the subject will more freely share information and feelings.
The term Narco Analysis was coined by Horseley. Narco analysis first reached the mainstream in
1922, when Robert House, a Texas obstretrician used the drug scopolamine on two
prisoners.Since then narco testing has become largely discredited in most democratic states,
including the United States and Britain. There is a vast body of literature calling into question its
ability to yield legal truth. Additionally, narcoanalysis has serious legal and ethical implications.
A person is able to lie by using his imagination. In the Narco Analysis Test, the subject's
inhibitions are lowered by interfering with his nervous system at the molecular level. In this state,
it becomes difficult though not impossible for him to lie .In such sleep-like state efforts are made
to obtain "probative truth" about the crime. Experts inject a subject with hypnotics like 
Sodium Pentothal or Sodium Amytal under the controlled circumstances of the laboratory. The
dose is dependent on the person's sex, age, health and physical condition. The subject which is
put in a state of Hypnotism is not in a position to speak up on his own but can answer specific but
simple questions after giving some suggestions. This type of test is not always admissible in the
law courts. It states that subjects under a semi-conscious state do not have the mind set to
properly answer any questions, while some other courts openly accept them as evidence. Studies
have shown that it is possible to lie under narcoanalysis and its reliability as an investigative tool
is questioned in most countries. A few democratic countries, India most notably, still continue to
use narcoanalysis. This has come under increasing criticism from the public and the media in that
country. Narcoanalysis is not openly permitted for investigative purposes in most developed
and/or democratic countries.
According to scientists, the brain acts like the internet. At this very moment, out
brain is having many neurons just like the internet having many pages of
content. Science has advanced to the level, where we are aware of the things
about the brain which were unknown before. Still there are many mysteries
about the brain which need to be resolved. Thousands of paths can be created
when the neurons in the brain get linked up. Not all of these paths are
predictable. This is where creation of map of the brain comes into the picture.
For predicting condition of the brain along with injuries and brain-related issues
such as autism or epilepsy, brain mapping is carried out.
Brain mapping process helps in getting a basic understanding of brain anatomy.
Differentiation between prefrontal cortex and primary motor cortex can be done
with the help of brain mapping. As per new studies in brain mapping, the brain is
found to be plastic i.e., changeable. An intelligence quotient (IQ) was considered
non changeable previously which is not true as per advanced brain mapping
studies. Some scientists have a belief that identification of the brain areas
responsible for mental disorders, such as schizophrenia, bipolar disorder and
depression can be done with the help of the brain mapping.
Brain mapping is a technique used for identification of various parts and their
functions in the brain in a similar way as we use road map for finding different
ways. It is a bit complex process just like many other things related to the brain.
Brain mapping is study of anatomy and function of the brain and spinal cord.
The process of brain mapping is carried out under general anesthesia. Test for
anesthesia is carried out prior to actual infusion to avoid complications.
Methods/Techniques of Brain Mapping
Mapping of brain electrically for the guidance of epilepsy surgery or tumor can
be done in a two step process in general or during the surgery.
Brain mapping is carried out during any type of surgery which involves
exposure to the brain parts. This type of mapping is called as an intra-operative
brain mapping since it is carried out during an operation process.
With the help of a small electrical probe, testing of various locations on the
surface of brain is carried out by the surgeon one after the other. This helps in
creating the functional map of the brain area. Testing of any number of
locations can be done by this method. During this mapping process, areas where
movements are involved can be identified during unconscious condition of the
patient. In this kind of mapping, areas with movement can be identified
electrically even if the patient is under anesthesia.