LOGIC FAMILIES

DIGITAL ELECTRONIC DEVICES

INTRODUCTION OF ICS
 4 ways f making ICs:
1. Monolithic
2. Thin film techniques
3. Thick film techniques
4. Hybrid circuits
INTRODUCTION OF ICS (CONT.)
 Monolithic
 Constructed entirely on single chip of silicon
semiconductor material
 The most widely used method of producing ICs
INTRODUCTION OF ICS (CONT.)
 Thin and Thick Film Techniques
 Manufactured by depositing certain material on a non-
conducting base such as ceramic

 Hybrid Circuits
 Made up of combination of monolithic, thin film or
thick film circuits.
CHARTS OF INTEGRATED CIRCUITS

Integrated
Circuit

Thin/Thic
Monolithic Hybrid
k

Digital
Linear Digital Linear
(cont.)
CHARTS OF INTEGRATED CIRCUITS (CONT.)

Digital
(cont.)

Bipolar
MOS
(cont.)

P or N
CMOS
Channel
CHARTS OF INTEGRATED CIRCUITS (CONT.)

Bipolar
(cont.)

RTL DTL TTL ECL HTL IIL CML HNIL

CHARTS OF INTEGRATED CIRCUITS (CONT.)
 RTL – Resistor transistor logic
 DTL – Diode transistor logic
 TTL – Transistor-transistor logic
 ECL – Emitter coupled logic
 HTL - High threshold logic
 IIL – Integrated injection logic
 CML – Current mode logic
 HNIL – High noise immunity logic
 CMOS – Complementary metal oxide semiconductor
LIST OF IC TTL, ECL AND CMOS
IC TTL ECL CMOS
Inverter 7404 / 5404 74HC04 / 14049UB
Quad 2-input AND 7408 / 5408 10104 / 10504 74HC08 / 14081B
Quad 2-input NAND 7400 / 5400 74HC00 / 14011B
Quad 2-input NOR 7402 / 5402 10102 / 10502 74HC02 / 14001B
Quad 2-input OR 7432 / 5432 10103 / 10503 74HCT32 / 1407B
Quad 2-input X-OR 7486 / 5486 10113 / 10513 74HC86 / 14070B
TRANSISTOR-TRANSISTOR LOGIC (TTL)
 Use bipolar transistor in he circuit technology to
construct the gates at the chip level
 Series of TTL logic circuit:
1. Standard TTL
2. Low power TTL
3. Schottky TTL
4. Low power Schottky TTL
5. Advanced low power Schottky TTL
6. Advanced Schottky TTL
TTL (CONT.)

1. Standard TTL (54/74)

 Power dissipation 10mW
2. Low power TTL (54L/74L)
 Low power consumption
 Power dissipation
3. Schottky TTL (54S/74S)
 Faster switching time
TTL (CONT.)

4. Low power Schottky TTL (54LS/74LS)

 Compromises speed to obtain lower power
dissipation
5. Advanced Schottky (AS)
 Advanced version of S series
 One version called F or FAST series
6. Advanced low power Schottky
 Advanced version of LS series
TTL CHARACTERISTICS
 Type of logic: current sinking
 Propagation delay: 1 ~ 40ns
 Power dissipation: 1 ~ 25 mW
 Fan out: 10 ~ 30
 Noise immunity: high
 Logic levels: binary 0 = +0.4V
 binary 1 = +3.6V
 Basic gate form: +NAND / -NOR
 Supply voltage Vcc: +5V ± 10%
COMPLEMENTARY METAL-OXIDE SEMICONDUCTOR (CMOS)

 Use complementary pairs of transistors (N-type

and P-type) called MOSFETs (metal-oxide-
semiconductor field-effect transistors)
 CMOS family series:
1. 4000 series
2. 40H00 series
3. 74C00 series
4. 74HC00 series
5. 74HCT00 series
CMOS (CONT.)

1. 4000 series
 Original CMOS line
 Very low power consumption
 Could be used in battery power devices
 Slower than any TTL series
2. 40H00 series
 Faster than 4000 series
 Slower than LS TTL
CMOS (CONT.)

3. 74C00 series
 Pin compatible with TTL family, making
interchangeability easier
 Low power advantage over TTL family still much
slower than TTL
4. 74HC00 and 74HCT00 series
 74HC00 (high speed CMOS), 74HCT00 (high speed
CMOS)
 Speedy as LS TTL series and still consume less power
HANDLING MOS DEVICES

1. Store the integrated circuit in a conductive foam

or leave in their original container.
2. Work on a conductive surface that is properly
grounded
3. Ground all test equipments and soldering iron
4. Connect wrist to ground with length of wire and
a 1MΩ series resistor.
HANDLING MOS DEVICES (CONT.)

5. Do not connect signals to the inputs while the

device power supply is off
6. Connect all unused inputs to VDD or ground
7. Do not wear electrostatic-prone clothing such as
wool, silk, or synthetic fibers
8. Do not remove or insert IC with the power on.
CMOS CHARACTERISTIC
 Type of logic: current sinking and current sourcing
 Propagation delay: 10 ~ 100ns
 Power dissipation: 1mW (1MHz), 10µW(static)
 Fan out: 50+
 Noise immunity: very high (45% V DD)
 Logic levels: binary 0 = +0V
 binary 1 = +VDD
 Basic gate form: +NOR / -NAND
 Supply voltage VDD: +3 ~ +15V
EMITTER-COUPLED LOGIC (ECL)
 Designed for extremely high speed application
 Well suited for large mainframe computer that
require high number of operation per second
 Family of ECL series:
1. ECL 10K
2. ECL 100K
ECL CHARACTERISTIC
 Type of logic: unsaturated, current sourcing
 Propagation delay: 0.5 ~ 3ns
 Power dissipation: 40 ~ 60mW
 Fan out: 10 ~ 25
 Noise immunity: high
 Logic levels: binary 0 = -1.75 V
 binary 1 = -0.9V
 Basic gate form: OR/NOR
 Supply voltage VEE: -5.2V