Magnetic Diagnostics for GLAST-III Tokamak

M. A. Naveed, Aqib javeed and GLAST Team

National Tokamak Fusion Programme Islamabad Pakistan

IAEA First Technical Meeting on Fusion Data Processing, Validation and Analysis 1 – 3 June 2015
 
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 Outline of the Talk
1. GLAST Tokamak
2. Magnetic Diagnostics
3. Rogowski Coils
4. Magnetic Probes
5. Flux Loops
6. Error fields
7. Initial Results
8. Summary

IAEA First Technical Meeting on Fusion Data Processing, Validation and Analysis 1 – 3 June 2015
 

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 GLAST-III (Glass Spherical Tokamak)
 Its Vessel is of Pyrex
 Major radius =20cm
 Minor Radius=10 cm
 12 TF Coils and Central Solenoid
 Capacitor Banks are used for energizing different coils
 Central solenoid 2.2mF , 6kV, 40kJ
 TF coils 484mF, 450V, 49kJ
 Pre-Ionization Source is 2.45 GHz microwave oven
Magnetron( 800 Watt)

IAEA First Technical Meeting on Fusion Data Processing, Validation and Analysis 1 – 3 June 2015
 
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 GLAST-III

IAEA First Technical Meeting on Fusion Data Processing, Validation and Analysis 1 – 3 June 2015
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 Magnetic Diagnostics
 Magnetic measurements are fundamental diagnostic for tokamak start
up and operation .

 GLAST with dielectric chamber facilitates us to install every pick up coil

outside the vacuum. No current will be flowing in the chamber so a
single Rogowski coil will be providing true plasma current.

 Magnetic Probes, Flux loops and Rogowski coil are major magnetic
diagnostics in GLAST-III.

IAEA First Technical Meeting on Fusion Data Processing, Validation and Analysis 1 – 3 June 2015
 
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 Magnetic Probes

Measured Winding Diameter of Winding Total DC Resistance Inductance

Parameters Wire Probe Length turns (Ohm) (mH)
mm cm

Big Probes 36 swg 12 4 2000 56.8 27.8

Small Probes 36 swg 7.5 mm 1.34 260 4 0.160

IAEA First Technical Meeting on Fusion Data Processing, Validation and Analysis 1 – 3 June 2015
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 Calibration of Magnetic Probes

• Helmholtz Coils
• SWG 16(5A dc curret
Capacity)
• Hall probe for
calibrating
• 9.5 gauss per
ampere

The effective area ‘NA’ is given by

IAEA First Technical Meeting on Fusion Data Processing, Validation and Analysis 1 – 3 June 2015
 
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 Pulse Behavior of Magnetic Probes

Pulse generator which is capable of generation pulses of different

time durations.

IAEA First Technical Meeting on Fusion Data Processing, Validation and Analysis 1 – 3 June 2015
 
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 Pulse Behavior of Magnetic Probes

 For finding Magnetic field

the differential signals are
integrated.
 Simplest are the RC
Integrators.
 In these studies 10ms, 22 ms
and 47 ms time constant
integrators are used.

IAEA First Technical Meeting on Fusion Data Processing, Validation and Analysis 1 – 3 June 2015
 

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 Fabrication of Rogowski Coil

 RG-11 coaxial cable is used.

The central conductor serves
as return path.
 Uniform winding is required
so groves are made with dye.

Measured L(µH R(Ω) Winding Turns per Length Diameter Sensitivity

Parameters ) wire cm (cm) (mm) Vs/A
 

Rogowski-III 81.3 24 Swg 36 10 169 7 3.35x10-8

IAEA First Technical Meeting on Fusion Data Processing, Validation and Analysis 1 – 3 June 2015
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 Calibration of Rogowski Coil
Calibration Setup

AC and pulsed sources are used for exiting a multi turn coil having number
of turns up to 200 so that Rogowski coil when passed through this multi
turn coil encounters a reasonable current to be measured. The LEM current
monitor is used as a reference for calibration of Rogowski coils.

IAEA First Technical Meeting on Fusion Data Processing, Validation and Analysis 1 – 3 June 2015
 
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 Calibration of Rogowski Coil
40

35

30
R og ow ski co il ou tp ut(m v)

25

20

15

10

0
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70

Current (kA)

Rogowski coil Signal recoded with 47

Behavior of Rogowski coil along with ms RC integrator
passive integrator at different values of Chanel-1: Current signal and
current. Chanel -2: Rogowski signal

IAEA First Technical Meeting on Fusion Data Processing, Validation and Analysis 1 – 3 June 2015
 
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 Flux loops on GLAST-III

In GLAST-III loop voltage is measure

horizontally at the mid plane of the
chamber. Three differential pairs of
poloidal flux loops are installed for the
poloidal flux measurement at different
locations. One of these pairs as shown
in Fig is installed on the mid plane
d with a single turn of insulated wire
installed

IAEA First Technical Meeting on Fusion Data Processing, Validation and Analysis 1 – 3 June 2015
 
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 Error Field corrections using flux loops

 There are some error fields generated in Tokamak because of

misalignments and winding inaccuracy of Toroidal field and Ohmic
current drive coil systems.

 These error fields create problems not only in the startup of

Tokamak but also limit the pulse duration.

 These fields must also be measured and compensated

IAEA First Technical Meeting on Fusion Data Processing, Validation and Analysis 1 – 3 June 2015
 
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 Error field minimization
Two loops are wrapped in
toroidal direction at the mid 0.8

plane with radii 9.2 cm and 31.8 0.6

0.4
cm. These loops are connected

V ertical M agnetic Field(G auss)

0.2 CS

to each other in such a way that 0.0

average vertical field in the -0.2

-0.4
region where plasma is to be -0.6 TF
generated is measured. -0.8

The average vertical magnetic -1.0

C S and TF com bine
-1.2
field will be given as: -1.4
0.0 1.5 3.0 4.5 6.0 7.5 9.0 10.5 12.0 13.5 15.0 16.5 18.0 19.5
Average vertical Field= T im e(m S)

Vertical Flux / π( R22-R12)

Where R2 = 31.8 cm
R1= 9.2 cm
IAEA First Technical Meeting on Fusion Data Processing, Validation and Analysis 1 – 3 June 2015
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 Initial Shots of GLAST-III
0 4 8
-2 0 2 4 6 8 10 20
30
Lo op V oltag e(V olts)

20
10

Loop V oltage
10

-10 -10

2 4

P lasm a C urrent(kA )
P lasm a C u rren t(kA )

2
0

0
-2

-2
-4

-4
-6

-2 0 2 4 6 8 10 0 4 8
Time(mS ) Time(mS)

(a)Vertical field applied (b)No vertical field applied

IAEA First Technical Meeting on Fusion Data Processing, Validation and Analysis 1 – 3 June 2015
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 Summary
 The magnetic diagnostics installed presently on GLAST-III
tokamak worked well for the initial operation.
 The Rogowski coils used with RC integrators worked well for
short duration pulses of plasma current.
 The pulse source developed for on bench calibration of
diagnostics coils helped to evaluate the response of these coils
for pulses, nearly of same time scale and shape which are to be
measured on the GLAST-III tokamak.
 In future magnetic diagnostics for GLAST-III will be improved so
that long duration plasma operation becomes possible. For this
purpose long integration time constant active integrators will be
developed.
 

IAEA First Technical Meeting on Fusion Data Processing, Validation and Analysis 1 – 3 June 2015
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 Thanks

IAEA First Technical Meeting on Fusion Data Processing, Validation and Analysis 1 – 3 June 2015
 

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