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Acute Renal Failur E: By: Miss Santoshi Naik Assistant Professor Yenepoya Pharmacy College & Research Centre
Acute Renal Failur E: By: Miss Santoshi Naik Assistant Professor Yenepoya Pharmacy College & Research Centre
RENAL
FAILUR
E
By: Miss Santoshi Naik
Assistant Professor
Yenepoya Pharmacy
College & Research
centre
Definition
Acute renal failure is a syndrome characterised
by rapid onset of renal dysfunction, chiefly
oliguria or anuria, and sudden increase in
metabolic waste-products (urea and creatinine)
in the blood resulting in azotemia.
Etiopathogenesis / Causes of Acute
Renal Failure
a) Oliguria phase
Lasts for 7-10 days with urine output less than 400 ml/day.
c) Recovery phase
Full recovery of tubular cells occurs in half cases while
others
terminate in death.
Time period for recovery – upto 1 year.
3) Pre – renal syndrome
It occurs because of secondary disorders like ischaemia
(decrease blood flow to tissues) & not due to glomerular or
tubular damage.
Causes of ischaemia: renal arterial obstruction, hypovolaemia,
hypotension or cardiac insufficiency.
Due to depressed renal blood flow, there is decrease in GFR
causing oliguria, azotaemia (elevation of BUN and creatinine)
and oedema
Symptoms of Acute renal failure
Electrolyte imbalance
Dehydration
Pale skin
Poor appetite
Diagnosis of Acute Renal failure
Ultrasound of kidney
Kidney biopsy
Treatment of Acute Renal Failure
3) Dialysis of kidney