DIVERSITY IN LIVING

ORGANISMS
CHAPTER 7
Nomenclature
Carolus Linnaeus
•Carolus Linnaeus is a Swedish botanist and physician who is also called
‘Father of taxonomy‘.

•He introduced the Binomial nomenclature and laid the ground rules which
paved way for modern taxonomy.

Binomial Nomenclature
•Binomial Nomenclature was introduced by Linnaeus as a method of
naming organisms in taxonomy.
•It consists of two parts.
•The first part is the Genus name which is written in capital.
•The second part is the species name, which is not capitalised.

Robert H. Whittaker(1959) has classified the five kingdoms of living

Organisms.
SCIENTIFIC NAME
HUMAN BEING
HOMO SAPIENS
KINGDOM ANIMALIA
DIVISION CHORDATA
CLASS MAMMALIA
ORDER PRIMATES
FAMILY HOMINIDAE
GENUS HOMO
SPECIES SAPIENS

 
WRITE THE SCIENTIFIC NAMES OF THE BELOW GIVEN
ORGANISMS :
1.POTATO SOLANUM TUBEROSUM
2.TIGER PANTHERA TIGRIS
3. PARAMECIUM PARAMECIUM CAUDATUM
Prokaryotes :
1.They do not have well defined
nucleus which means absence of
true nucleus .
2.They have circular DNA.
3. They are unicellular.

Eukaryotes :
1. They have well defined nucleus
which means presence of true
nucleus .
2.They have linear DNA ,thread
like structure .
3. They are multicellular.
archaebacteria
Archea
•The category in the kingdom Monera which consists of the organisms
surviving in extremely hot/harsh conditions. Mostly they are autotrophs .
•They are considered to be the most ancient living organism present on the
planet.Eg: Methanogens,Halophiles.

Eubacteria
•Eubacteria is phylum of Monera consists of all the bacteria that survive in a
normal environment.
•All the major helpful and pathogenic bacteria we know today fall under this
category.

Gram +ve/-ve bacteria

•Some bacteria(Gram +ve bacteria) have a very thick cell wall which makes
them take up Gram stain and appear violet.
•There are other bacteria(Gram –ve bacteria) which have a thin cell wall and on
Gram staining appear pink or red.
•Usually, gram +ve bacteria are pathogenic in nature.
The body of a multicellular fungus is called mycelium and is composed of
several thread like structures termed Hyphae.