ANALYTICAL PSYCHOLOGY

Carl Gustav Jung

July 26, 1875 – June 6,
1961

Swiss psychotherapist
and psychiatrist who
founded analytical
psychology
Distinctive Features:

• Individual and racial history (causality – prior experience)

• Aims and aspirations (teleology)
• Constant search for wholeness and completion
• Yearning for rebirth
Structure of Personality

1. Ego
2. Personal Unconscious
3. Collective Unconscious
 1. EGO

• The center of the field of consciousness

• The part of the psyche where our conscious awareness
resides
• Our sense of identity and existence
• Concern with thinking, feeling, perceiving, remembering
• Conscious mind; responsible for feelings of identity and
continuity
2. PERSONAL UNCONSCIOUS
• Essentially the same as Freud’s version of the
unconscious
• Contains temporarily forgotten information and well
as repressed memories
• Jung outlined an important feature of the personal
unconscious called complexes

Complexes – collection of thoughts , feelings, attitudes,

and memories that focus on a single concept.
3. COLLECTIVE UNCONSCIOUS
• Jung’s most original and controversial contribution to
personality theory
• Storehouse of latent memories, inherited from ancestral
past, repeated experience over many generations
• Collective experience that humans had in their
evolutionary past
• It results from common experiences that all human had
(ancestral experiences)
These ancestral experiences that are registered in the
psyche is commonly know as archetypes.
Archetypes:
• Jung believes that archetypes are model people,
behaviors, or personalities.
• Inborn tendencies that play a role in influencing
human behavior
• Inherited universal patterns and images that are
part of the collective unconscious
• Innate, universal, and hereditary
 The 4 Major Archetypes

1. Persona
2. Anima/Animus
3. Shadow
4. The Self
 1. Persona

• Derived from the Latin word that literally means “mask”

• Is how we present ourselves to the world
• Persona represents all of the different social masks that
we wear among various groups and situations
• Allows people to adapt to the world around them and fit
in with the society in which they live
2. Anima/Animus
Anima
• Feminine image in the male psyche
• Feminine aspect in men
Animus
• Masculine image in the female psyche
• Masculine aspect in women

The anima/animus represents the “true self” rather than the

image we present to others.
2. Anima/Animus

• Jung believed that all humans are

psychologically bisexual and possesses both
masculine and feminine side.

“No man is so entirely masculine that he has

nothing feminine in him.”
3. The Shadow

• Often described as the darker side of the psyche

• Contains all of the things that are unacceptable not only to the
society , but also to one’s own personal morals and values
• It might include things such as envy, greed, prejudice, hate and
aggression; things that we don’t wish to acknowledge
4. The Self
• The deepest and the highest reaches of the psyche
• The archetype of wholeness
• The sum of everything we are now, everything we
once were, as well as everything we could
potentially become; it is the symbol of the “God
within us”, that which we are as totality.
• According to Jung, life’s primary goal is to achieve
self-realization – just a seed holds the whole
potential future of a flower
2 Major Attitudes/Behavior of Personality
Introversion
• Internal world of one’s thoughts, feelings and
experiences

Extraversion
• External world of people and things
Who are INTROVERTS?

• Those who are more comfortable living alone and being by

themselves
• They depend on “me time” to recharge; they become immersed in
their inner world and run the risk of losing touch with their
surroundings or their outer world
• They also tend to be introspective and keep their social circle limited
Who are EXTROVERTS?
• Those who are actively involved in the world of people and things
• They are socially active and more aware of what is going on
around them
• They like to be part of groups, communities and probable places
where they get a chance to interact
• The idea of being alone terrifies them
Fundamental Psychological Functions:

1. Thinking
2.Feeling
3. Sensation
4.Intuition
1. THINKING
• Refers to the faculty of rational analysis; of understanding and
responding to things through the intellect, the “head” so to
speak
• Means connecting ideas in order to arrive at a general
understanding
• The Thinking-type often appears detached and unemotional
• The scientist and philosopher are examples of the “thinking
type”, which is found commonly in men
2. FEELING
• The interpretation of things at a value-level, a “heart-level”
rather than a “head-level”
• Feeling evaluates, it accepts or rejects an idea on the basis on
whether it is pleasant or unpleasant
• According to Jung, this is the emotional personality type,
and occurs more frequently in women
3. SENSATION

• Means conscious perception through the sense-

organs
• The sensation personality type relates to physical
stimuli
4. INTUITION
• Is like sensation in that it is an experience which is immediately
given to consciousness rather than arising through mental
activity (e.g. thinking or feeling)
• It constitutes an intuition or hunch, a “gut-level feeling” or a n
“ESP” experience
• It is the source of inspiration, creativity, novel ideas, etc.
• According to Jung, the Intuitive type jumps from image,
interested in a while, but soon loses interest
 Jung’s Stages of Development

1. Childhood
2.Youth and Early Years
3. Middle Life
4.Old Age
1. Childhood

• The ‘archaic stage’ of infancy has sporadic

consciousness; then during the ‘monarchic stage’ of the
small child there is the beginning of logical and abstract
thinking, and the ego starts to develop
2. Youth and Early Years

• From puberty until 35 – 40 there is maturing sexuality,

growing consciousness, and then a realization that the
carefree days of childhood are good forever
• People strive to gain independence, find a mate, and
raise a family
3. Middle Life
• The realization that you will not live forever creates tension
• If you desperately try to cling to your youth, you will fail in the
process of self-realization
• At this stage, you will experience what Jung’s called “metanoia”
(change of mind) and there is a tendency to more introverted and
philosophical thinking
• People often become religious during this period or acquire a
personal philosophy in life
4. Old Age

• Consciousness is reduced in the last years, at the same

time there is acquisition of wisdom
• Jung thought that death is the ultimate goal of life, by
realizing this, people will not face death with fear but
with the feeling of a “job well done” and perhaps the
hope of rebirth
--Nothing Follows--