COURSE WORK #01

NOISE & TYPE OF NOISES

WITH PROBLEM SOLVING

Submitted to: Engr. Marianne Sejera

Presented by: Royce Bumagat
WHAT IS NOISE
TYPES OF NOISE

• Correlated Noise – implies relationship between the signal and the

noise, exist only when signal is present.

• Uncorellated Noise – present at all time, whether there is signal or not.

Under this category there are two broad categories which are:

I. Internal Noise

II. External Noise

TYPES OF NOISE

• External Noise
I. Atmospheric Noise

II. Extraterrestrial Noise

III. Man-made Noise

IV. Impulse Noise

V. Interference
TYPES OF NOISE

• Internal Noise
I. Shot Noise

II. Transit-time Noise

III. Thermal Noise

SIGNAL-TO-NOISE RATIO (SNR)
 • Signal-to-noise power ratio (S/N) is the ratio of the signal power level to the noise
power

• Mathematically,

where, = signal power (watts)

= noise power (watts)

• In dB
SIGNAL-TO-NOISE RATIO (SNR)
 • If the input and output resistances of the amplifier, receiver, or network being evaluated
are equal:

where, = signal voltage (voltage)

= noise voltage (voltage)

 
EQUIVALENT NOISE TEMPARATURE
 • The noise produced from thermal agitation is directly proportional to temperature,
thermal noise can be expressed in degrees as well as watts or dBm.

• Mathematically,

where, T = environmental temperature (kelvin)

N = noise power (watts)

K = Boltzmann’s constant (1.38 x J/K)

B = bandwidth (hertz)