NATIONAL HOUSING POLICY OF FRANCE

France, officially the French Republic, is a transcontinental country spanning Western Europe and several
overseas regions and territories. 
•Capital: Paris
•Currency: Euro
•Population: 67.0 million
•GDP (PPP): $3,233 billion (2021)

History-

France has a long tradition of social and state intervention in the provision of housing. In 1775, the 
Royal Saltworks at Arc-et-Senans was built with a part dedicated to house workers.In the 19th century
the cités ouvrières (company towns) appeared, inspired by the Phalanstère of Charles Fourier After 
World War II the population increased at a rate previously unknown, the rural exodus increased and war
damage had reduced the number of houses in many cities. Rental prices dramatically rose so the government
passed a rent control law in 1949. That effectively ended the economic benefits of housing investment. Also,
construction was strictly regulated, which made building very difficult without political support.

The government launched a huge construction plan, including the creation of new towns ("villes nouvelles")
and new suburbs with HLM (Habitation à Loyer Modéré, "low-rent housing"). The state had the money and
the legal means to acquire the land and could provide some advantages to the companies that built the huge
housing complexes of hundreds of apartments. Quality was also effectively regulated, resulting in decent or
even top-quality housing for the 1950s and 1960s.

Aim & objectives-

The Government has developed a strategy to change the housing situation in light of the changing social and
economic environment. In a society where the digital is omnipresent, the relationship with work is shifting.

Mobility has become a key factor both at professional and societal level. France needs housing that is in tune
with new modern ways of living, more connected, more eco-friendly, more versatile and better suited to the
diversity of individuals’ life courses.

Beyond the adaptation of housing, demand for housing has continued to increase. This demand is particularly
strong in town centres and metropolises where the housing deficit causes a rise in rents, alienating the least
privileged and consequently also impeding social and geographic mobility.

Today, a mobility policy calls for a housing policy that frees up construction, lifts constraints, frees up land
and shortens procedures, which are all objectives for ensuring the sufficient production of housing to meet
French people’s need for decent housing
THE THREE PILLARS OF THE GOVERNMENT’S HOUSING STRATEGY
Pillar 1: build more, better and cheaper housing to trigger a "supply shock".
The following is proposed:
-The introduction of an exceptional tax allowance on capital gains for the sale of land in areas where
markets are under strain. At present, land taxation is counterproductive, as it encourages landowners to
keep hold of their land (capital gains on property are exempt from tax after 22 years of ownership). The
new system reverses this logic. It will apply to agreements to sell concluded before 2020, for the
construction of housing. There will be an allowance of 100% for sales intended for the construction of
social housing, 85% for intermediate housing and 70% for all other housing. For businesses, the reduced
tax rate of 19% on capital gains from the sale of business premises for conversion into housing will be
extended.
- commitment to "zero new technical standards in construction", apart from those relating to safety.
Furthermore, all building regulations will now be written in the form of outcome objectives (rather than
means objectives) and the High Council for Construction will be tasked with drawing up an inventory of
standards to be simplified.
-A better framework of appeal to combat abuse of process, in particular in areas where markets are under
strain. Firstly, by limiting the possibility to file unlimited new grounds of appeal to slow down procedures.
Secondly, by regulating the time taken to judge cases, which is currently two years on average for disputes
in the first instance. Sanctions against abuse of process will also be tightened.

Pillar 2: meet the needs of every individual and protect the most vulnerable.
The following is proposed:
-For tenants in private housing, the creation of a specific rental agreement for one to ten months that is non-
renewable and has no security deposit for those on vocational training programmes, apprenticeship contracts or
work placements. To simplify procedures for tenants and landlords, a digital rental agreement will also be put in
place.

-For tenants in social housing, a review of household situations every six years for new entrants, which will
enable the occupation of housing to be optimised by adapting offers to real household needs.

-For buyers, the extension of the interest-free loan and Pinel system, which will be better targeted towards areas
where there is strong pressure. Furthermore, the sale of low-income housing will be made easier for its
occupants with the implementation of a dedicated structure, allowing a fourfold increase in the number of
homes sold.

-For young people and students, the construction of 80,000 homes over the current five-year term. A new
version of the Visale rental deposit system will mean that all student tenants can be offered a free rental deposit
without means-testing.

-For those needing emergency shelter: the Government is putting the "Housing First" plan in place, which will
speed up the creation of low and very low-income housing (construction of 40,000 units of very low-income
housing (PLAI) per year from 2018 onwards, over the whole of the five-year term and 10,000 units in boarding
houses) and mobilise 40,000 private housing units (via the rental intermediation system that secures the
relationship between tenant and landlord with the intervention of an operator working in the low-income
housing sector). Furthermore, support for those in emergency accommodation to find permanent housing will
be strengthened.
 Pillar 3: improve living conditions.
The following is proposed:
To double the National Urban Renewal Programme from 5 to 10 billion euros in order to act on the 450
neighbourhoods with the highest rates of poverty. Through improved housing, availability of quality public
services and enhanced economic development, greater social diversity will be possible in those areas.

To speed up the renovation and upgrading to standard of housing in the centre of medium-sized towns by
mobilising specific resources from the Caisse des Dépôts et des Consignations (State-owned financial
institution which carries out public interest missions on behalf of French central, regional and local authorities)
and Action Logement.

Suggest policies appropriate for Bangladesh-

I think their policy pillar 2 and 3 are much appropriate for Bangladesh because in pillar 2 they planned to
meet the needs of every individual and protect the most vulnerable.In pillar 2 all type of people will be benefit
From this policy,like private and social housing tenants.buyers,young people student and those need
emergency shelter.

In pillar 3 planned to improve living conditions .So in Bangladesh living conditions are not so good in all
housing areas like slums and poor areas.So if we activate policy the pillar 3 which will improve living
conditions by improved housing, availability of quality public services and enhanced economic development,
and greater social diversity .

Asiignment submitted by-

Nusrat Sarmin
Md.Moniruz Zaman
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