CO-CHANNEL INTERFERENCE

C = Carrier from the desired signal

I = Interference from other cells using same channels
D/R = Co-channel reuse ratio ( Q )

R D

RBS MS

CO-CHANNEL CELL

Tharek Abd Rahman 1

tharek@fke.utm.my
 Derivation of C/I

• Outlining clusters of cells, and determine the number of cells

per cluster, N.
•  
• Locating co-channel cells, and determine the co-channel cell
separation, D in term of N.
•  
• Determine the co-channel reuse ratio, where R is the cell
radius.

• Determine the co-channel interference ratio, C/I.

Tharek Abd Rahman 2

tharek@fke.utm.my
Distance between co-channel cell

– Hexagonal cell geometry and axes

3
 Radius of a cell
R cos 30o = ½, R = 1/√3 = 0.57735

SET 5514 (2006) 4

 …Distance between co-channel cell

 The distance D between co-channel cell in adjacent cluster is

D = √ ( i2 + ij + j2 ) 5
 Co-channel Reuse Ratio (D/R)
Distance between centres of co-channel
Co channel reuse ratio =
Radius of cell

D i 2  ij  j 2
Q   3  i 2  ij  j 2 
R 1/ 3
D
 3N
Since N = i2 + ij + j2 , Thus R
Influence the choice of the number of cells per cluster

A small value of Q provides larger capacity since the cluster size is small

A large value of Q improve the transmission quality, due to a smaller level

of co-channel interference.

A trade off between two objectives, a large capacity and good transmission
quality must be made to determine the number of cells per cluster.
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 Co-channel Interference

R D

RBS
MS

Co channel cell
D = distance between 2 co-channel cells
R = cell radius

C = carrier in the desired signal, I = interference comes from

other cells using same channels , D/R = co channel reuse ratio

For analog cellular system , C/I >18 dB C

C/N C/I
For digital cellular system C/I > 11 dB I
N

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 Co-channel Interference

• Example
f1 = 900 MHz f2 =900 MHz
GT = 8 dB GT = 8 dB
PT = 20 W PT = 20 W
R = 1 km D = 5 km

BS D
BS
MS
R

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Example: Determine C/I for (i) MS1 and (ii) MS2

Pt1 = 10 dBW
R = 1 km
D = 7 km
Pt2 = 20 W
MS1 R = 1 km
MS2

D = 5 km

6,13,20 f = 950 MHz

Gt1 = Gt2 = Gt3 = 8 dB
Gr = 1 dB
Pt3 = 42 dBm
R = 1 km 9
 Worst Case Co-channel Interference
Let io be the number of co-channel intefering cell. C / I at MS
C C
 i io
I
I
i 1
i

where C  desired power, I i  interference power caused by i thinterfering call

1
PR  n
or PR  d  n
d
Considering only the first layer of interfering cells, if all the interfering BS are
equidistant from the desired BS and if thus distance is equal to the distance D
between cell centers,
C Rn ( D / R)n ( 3N ) n
 i io
 
I io io
 (D )
i 1
i
n

The equation relates C/I to the cluster size N, which in turn determines the
capacity of the system
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 Example 3
i) Show that C/I (co-channel interference) for a mobile may be
expressed as
n
C ( 3N )

I io
where n : propogation power law
N : number of cell per cluster
io : number of co-channel interfering cells

ii) State 2 assumptions to be made for the above expressions.

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Worst Case for Co-channel Interference

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Worst Case for Co-channel Interference
C R n

I 2( D  R)  n  2 D  n  2( D  R )  n
D C 1
Since, Q  , 
R I 2(Q  1)  n  2Q  n  2(Q  1)  n
C 1

I 2( 3 N  1)  n  2( 3 N )  n  2( 3 N  1)  n
For N  7, Q  4.6, n  4 (for worst case channel)
C
 17dB
I
For N  7, C / I is slightly less than 18 dB (for analog system)
for worst case condition and no problem for digital system.
To design the cellular system for proper performance in the
worst case, it is necessary to increase N to the next largest
size, i.e. N  12 (i  j  2)
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