Design and fabrication

of low cost multi depth

soil moisture sensors
GUIDED BY, By,
Mr.S.Parthasarathi R.Rishi sairam (17F040)
Mr.M.M.Devarajan R.Hari Prasadh (17F018)
Contents

• Introduction
• Objective
• Proposed Algorithm/Framework
• Work Done
• Simulation Results / Outcomes
• Conclusion
• References
INTRODUCTION

•  In agriculture traditional practices are now extinct along with the knowledges. Most
cultivators grew their crops like grains, paddy, wheat without knowing its water and air
(NO2) requirements. any dry soil comprises of 55% of minerals and rest 45% as air gaps
whenever the soil is irrigated the air gap gets minimized once saturation is reached the
additional waters run off. But in saturation condition air gaps are all cleared which is the
primary source for nitrogen which plays a major role in crop development. Lack of low-
cost soil moisture sensors and insufficient knowledge about vegetation are major causes
for crop failure. This can be solved by production of low-cost soil moisture sensors to
efficiently measure and control the moisture content of soil for the respective crop
requirement by interfacing it to irrigation system.
 • Main objective of our project is to design and
fabricate capacitive soil moisture measuring
sensor in low cost methods to measure
moisture content soil in agricultural lands
Objective: with increased cost efficiency and high
reliability with easy and minimal
maintenance.
• Addition or Reduction of height of sensor to
the user requirement.
•  Easy replacement of the branch sensors.
•  Increased measuring distance due to
increased height of the sensor.
•These are the multi depth sensors from
sensoterra and gropoint. All these companies
provides a pack a these different sized sensors.
Generally 6 in / 12 in/ 18 in/24 in/30 in. The
consumer can only choose from this fixed
heights. Even if one sensor is damaged the
whole set can only be bought. Hence high cost
with very low repair and maintenance.
Proposed Framework :

LCD Display
Ardiuno
Work Done :

Sensor's Front view Back View and orthogonal view Connector's Top view bottom view and orthogonal view
 • The PCB's have been cut and etched for proper use , and also has been
Work done masked using cellophane tapes to reduce wear & tear and protect from
dust particles.
Ardiuno
programming
•This program is a
simple program which is
used to obtain the
values from our sensor.
For better accuracy an
average of 100 value
has been opted out.
Calibrating the sensor :

•From the former program data values are

extracted but those values are bit values which
cannot be understood by our user's .hence this
program gives output in an easy way. But base must
be used before to get the max and min values read
by our sensor to map the values in the program.
 Outcomes :
In this dry run we calculated the maximum range of 550 and we assumed the min range as 0
Here the calibration program is executed and the moisture content is
measured.
Conclusion :
REFRENCES :
• T. P. D. Pieris and K. V. D. S. Chathuranga, "Design and Evaluation of a Capacitive
Sensor for Real Time Monitoring of Gravimetric Moisture Content in Soil," 2020 5th
International Conference on Information Technology Research (ICITR), Moratuwa,
Sri Lanka, 2020, pp. 1-6.
doi: 10.1109/ICITR51448.2020.9310793
• G. Mander and M. Arora, "“Design of capacitive sensor for monitoring moisture content of soil and analysis of
analog voltage with variability in moisture”," 2014 Recent Advances in Engineering and Computational Sciences
(RAECS), Chandigarh, India, 2014, pp. 1-5.
doi: 10.1109/RAECS.2014.6799646

• M. Protim Goswami, B. Montazer and U. Sarma, "Design and Characterization of a

Fringing Field Capacitive Soil Moisture Sensor," in IEEE Transactions on
Instrumentation and Measurement, vol. 68, no. 3, pp. 913-922, March 2019.
doi: 10.1109/TIM.2018.2855538
• C. Hirsch, E. Bartocci and R. Grosu, "Capacitive Soil Moisture Sensor Node for IoT
in Agriculture and Home," 2019 IEEE 23rd International Symposium on Consumer
Technologies (ISCT), Ancona, Italy, 2019, pp. 97-102.
doi: 10.1109/ISCE.2019.8901012