MYANMAR

BURMA
MYANMAR or BURMA
 The Golden Land.

Official Name: 
Pyidaungzu Myanma Naingngandaw
short form: Myanma
Int'l long form:
Republic of the Union of Myanmar
Int'l short form: Myanmar
formerly, but still in use: Burma 
The country covers an area of 676,578
km², making it almost twice the size of 
Germany or slightly smaller than the
U.S. state of Texas.
• Myanmar has a population of 51.4
million people (2014 census).
• Largest city, former capital, and the
economic center of Myanmar is 
Yangon.
• Since 2005 Burma's new capital is 
Naypyidaw, a planned city in central.
• Spoken languages are Burmese
(official). Kachin, Kayah, Karen, Chin,
Mon, Rakhine, and Shan are regional
languages.
Flag of Myanmar
national flag consisting of three equal horizontal
stripes of yellow, green, and red, with a central white
star overlapping the three stripes. The flag has a
width-to-length ratio of 1 to 2.
The yellow represents solidarity;
the green symbolizes peace, tranquility and lush
greenery; the red represents courage and
determination; and the white star stands for the
significance of the union of the country.
Use: National flag, civil and state ensign
Proportion: 2:3
Adopted: 21 October 2010; 10 years ago
 The flag adopted upon independence from
the United Kingdom on 4 January 1948
consisted of a red field with a blue canton.
The blue canton was charged with one large
  white star, representing the union,
surrounded by 5 smaller stars representing
the main ethnic groups found within the
newly independent state.
 1974 flag

Flag of the Socialist Republic of the Union of

Burma (3 January 1974 – 18 September 1988)
  and the Union of Myanmar (18 September 1988
– 21 October 2010).
Proportion 5:9; national flag and state ensign.
 
 
2010 flag

Flag of Myanmar flown at Byint Naung

Statue Garden Park in Kawthaung.
The flag of Myanmar flown alongside the
flag of Tanintharyi Region on 1199
Mountain Peak in Kawthaung.
National
  Anthem of MYANMAR
Kaba Ma Kyei" (ကမ္ဘာမကျေ [ɡəbà mə tɕè]
'Till the End of the World') is the Burmese
national anthem and has been the national
anthem of Myanmar since 1947. It
consists of two parts, the first is a
traditional Burmese style section, before
transitioning into the second half, a
Western-style orchestra.
National Anthem of MYANMAR Lyrics
 
MLC
. transcription
ta.ra: hmya. ta. lwat lap hkrang: nai. ma. swe
tui. prany tui. mre
mya: lu hkap sim: ngrim: hkyam: ce hpo.
hkwang. tu nyi hmya. wada. hpyu cang tai. prany
tui. prany tui. mre
prany htaung cu. a mwi a.mrai: tany tam. ce
a.dhithtan pru. pe htin: sim: cui. le

kambha ma. kye / mranma prany /

tui. bhui: bwa: a.mwe cac mui. hkyac mrat nui: pe //
prany htaung cu. kui a.sak pe: lui. tui. ka kwai ma.le /
da tui. prany da tui. mre tui. puing nak mre //
tui. prany tui. mre a.kyui: kui nyi nya cwa tui. ta.twe
htam: hcaung pa sui. le tui. ta wan pe a. hpui: tan mre //
National Anthem of MYANMAR Lyrics
 
English
. translation
Official English translation
Accompanied with justice and freedom;
our nation, our motherland.
To bring peace to all people;
the nation having equal right and pure policy,
our nation, our motherland.
Let us preserve with vow
for perpetuity of our heritage of the Union.

𝄆 As long as the world exists, we love Myanmar,

the true heritage of our ancestors. 𝄇
We shall safeguard the Union by sacrificing our lives.
This is our nation, our motherland and our own land.
Let us serve unitedly for the interest of our nation, our motherland.
That is our duty for the precious land.
National Anthem of MYANMAR Lyrics
 
.Literal translation of the first
verse

Where prevail justice and independence

It's our country ... Our land
Where prevail equal rights and correct policies
For people to lead a peaceful life
It's our country ... Our land
We solemnly pledge to preserve
The Union, and the heritage, for perpetuity.
National Anthem of MYANMAR Lyrics
 
.
Poetic translation of the second verse

. 𝄆 We shall love, forevermore

Burma the land of our fathers of
yore! 𝄇
Giving our lives for our union we
fight,
This is our country, our land, ours
by right.
We, for her the tasks responsibly
shoulder,
As we'll stand in duty to this, our
precious land
National Anthem of MYANMAR Lyrics
 
.Literal translation of the second
verse

. Until the world ends up shattering, long live

Myanmar!
We love our land because this is our real
inheritance.
We will sacrifice our lives to protect our country,
This is our nation, this is our land and it belongs
to us.
Being our nation and our land, let us do good
causes to our nation in unity!
And this is our very duty to our invaluable land.
National Anthem of MYANMAR Lyrics
 
.Automatic English translation of the
second verse

.
‘Til the end of the world, Myanmar!,
Since she is the true inheritance from
our forefathers, we love and value her. 𝄇
We will fight and give our lives for the
union
This is the country and land of our own
For her prosperity, we will responsibly
shoulder the task,
Standing as one in duty to our precious
land.
 ‘NATIONAL EMBLEM OF MYANMAR
 
.

green peafowl
. The green peafowl, called the 'daung' (Burmese:
ဒေါင်း) or u-doung in Burmese, is one of the
national animals of Myanmar. It is strongly
associated with the Konbaung monarchy and
the anti-colonial nationalist movements and
thus is popularly seen as the symbol of the
Burmese state.
 ‘
 
.

MYANMAR NATIONAL
EMBLEM COAT FRAME
 ‘
 
.

BURMA COAT OF
ARMS
.

MYANMAR POLICE FORCE

LOGO
 ‘
 
.

.
MYANMAR LANGUAGE

Burmese
 ‘
  MYANMAR’S ECONOMY
.

. The economy of Myanmar is one

of the fastest growing economies
with a nominal GDP of USD ...
countries. Burma's admittance to
least developed country status by
the United Nations in 1987
highlighted its economic
bankruptcy.
 ‘
 
.
MYANMAR’S ECONOMY

Myanmar
.
is now one of the
fastest-growing economies in
Asia Pacific, with a key
geostrategic location,
abundant natural resources
and a youthful population
 ‘
 
.
MYANMAR’S MONETARY

.
he kyat (/kiˈɑːt/, US: /ˈtʃɑːt/ or /ˈkjɑːt/;
Burmese: ကျပ် [tɕaʔ]; ISO 4217 code MMK)
is the currency of Myanmar (Burma).
Central bank: Central Bank of Myanmar
Freq. used: K50, K100, K200, K500, K1000,
Code: MMK
1 Myanmar Kyat equals
0.035 Philippine peso
 ‘
  MYANMAR’S EDUCATION
.

Schooling is compulsory until the end of

.
elementary school, probably about 9 years
old, while the compulsory schooling age is 15
or 16 at international level. The literacy rate
of Burma, according to the 2014 Burma
Census stands at 89.5% (males: 92.6%,
females: 86.9%).
Primary languages: Burmese, English
Primary: 4,766,806
Female: 86.9%
Post secondary: 4,831,624
 ‘
  MYANMAR’S EDUCATION
.

Education is a child's right and a key to

national
. growth and prosperity. Myanmar
has made strong progress in increasing
children's access to education and
improving the quality of education, yet
many children remain out of school, and
schools struggle to give young people the
strongest start in life.
 ‘
  MYANMAR’S EDUCATION
.

ILBC is the first one among the private

.
schools in Yangon and has three branches in
Yangon in Bahan, Tarmwe and Thingangyun
with a total of 450 students.
...The Western Association of Colleges has four
accredited schools in Myanmar and there are two IB
World Schools.

There are currently 47, 365 basic education

schools in Myanmar with approximately
9.26 million students.
 ‘
  MYANMAR’S HISTORY
.

Why did Burma change to Myanmar?

...
.As for the country's name, the commission
decided to replace the English name "Burma"
with "Myanmar", for three reasons. First,
Myanma is the official name of the country in
the Burmese language, and the aim of the
commission was to have English place names
aligned with Burmese place names and
pronunciation.
 ‘
  MYANMAR’S RELIGION
.

As much as 90% of the Burmese

...
.population practice Buddhism, making it

the main religion in Myanmar.

Buddhism in Burma is attached to the
Theravada branch which is the oldest
and more conservative branch of
Buddhism, following the Buddha's
teachings, without modification.
 ‘
  MYANMAR’S MILITARY
.

The Tatmadaw is the official name

...
.of the armed

forces of Myanmar (Burma). It is
administered by the Ministry of
Defence and composed of
the Army,
 ‘
 
.

MYANMAR’S ETHYMOLOGY
.
...

Both names derive from the earlier Burmese

Myanma or Myamma, an ethnonym for the
majority Bamar ethnic group.

The terms are also popularly thought to

derive from Brahma Desha or ब्रह्मादेश/ब्रह्मावर्त
(Sanskrit) after Brahma.
 ‘
 
MYANMAR’S
.
GOVERNMENT
Government Name:
Republic of the Union of Myanmar
.Constitution:
Adopted: 2008; Was voted on by a public referendum in
attempt to slowly transition Burma into a democracy,
although opposing authorities consider it to be more of a tool
for maintaining military control of Burma. The structure of
government, its powers, and elections are detailed in depth.
However, revisions in state structure were not implemented
until August 2010.
Government Type:
Parliamentary Republic
 ‘
 
MYANMAR’S
.
GOVERNMENT
Main Powers Election Process Election Cycle 1

The president appoints

The president is elected
the cabinet, nominates
by the parliament from
judges, is the
among three vice
.
Executive commander-in-chief of
presidents of the
5 years
armed forces, and is in
different parliamentary
charge of executory
houses.
tasks of the government.

The chief justice and

judges are nominated by
The supreme court is the Mandatory retirement
Judicial the president with
highest court of the land. age of 70
approval of the Pythu
Hlattaw.

Members of the house of

nationalities (Amyotha
Hluttaw) are elected on
The legislative branch is
basis of township and
in charge of creating
population. Members of
Legislative legislature and confirms 5 years
the house of
the president's
representatives (Pythu
nominations.
Hluttaw) are directly
elected equally from
regions and states.
 ‘
 
.Democratic reforms

As part of the referendum process, the name

.
of the country was changed from the "Union
of Myanmar" to the "Republic of the Union
of Myanmar", and general elections were
held under the new constitution in 2010.
 ‘
  What Type Of Government Does Myanmar Have?
.

The government of Myanmar, as defined by

the
. Constitution of 2008, functions as a
parliamentary republic. In this type of
government, the heads of the Cabinet are
responsible for carrying out the laws set forth
by Parliament. In 2008, Myanmar established
a new Constitution and created a new form of
government, which is divided into 3 branches:
legislative, executive, and judicial. This article
takes a closer look at government of
Myanmar.
 ‘
  What Type Of Government Does Myanmar Have?
.

.History Of The Government Of Myanmar

.From 1885 to 1948, Myanmar was governed
as a British colony. This country gained its
freedom after World War II in 1948, became a
democracy, and established its first post-
colonial Constitution. This Constitution
refused civil rights to people from ethnic
minority groups. In 1962, a military coup
d’etat successfully overthrew the democracy
and created a military socialist type of
government.