BUILDING

SERVICES….

PADMA PRIYA.P
911518251017
LITERATURE STUDY
Discussion
on
Existing
System
Fire protection
system

• Active fire protecti

• Passive fire protection
system
Fire extinguisher
• Initial outbreak of fires
• Located at conspicuous
location
• Within 20m from a
potential fire hazard
• ABC type dry powder
fire extinguisher
• Blue color
External fire hydrant
• Flow from water main
with the control of a
valve
• Two way fire hydrant
• <10m distance to the
building
• <10m distance to high
voltage electrical main
• <90m apart along
access road
Hose Reel
• Early stage of fire
• Sited in proper
position
• Manually operated
and activated by
opening a valve
enabling the water to
flow into hose that is
30m away
 Water storage tank
• Located at roof
level
• Pressed steel
• Painted with a
red band of
minimum
200mm
• Two
compartments
• Level indicator
Wet riser
• Permanently charged with
water
• >30.5 and <70.5m above the fire
appliance access level
• Inlet breeching connector at
ground floor and with landing
valve on each floor
• Air valve automatically open
to release air
• Air valve close when is full of
water
 Sprinkler system
• Small glass bulb with
a glycerine based
liquid
• Block the flow of
water
• Liquid become hot;
expand; shatter the
glass bulb
• Temperature is
approximately
Fireman’s
switch
• Electrical isolation
switch
• Permit the
disconnection of
electrical power supply
• Located in
conspicuous place
• <2.75m from the
ground
Manual call point
• Raising an alarm
manually
• Push button / break glass
• Installed at a height of
1.2m above floor level t
• Travel distance from one
place to the nearest call
point doesn’ exceed 30m
Fire alarm
bell
• To alarm people who
are at risk
• It is relatively loud
• Produce a specific
sound pattern to avoid
confusion to
successfully warn for
hazards
 Smoke
detector

• To detect the fire

• Ionized smoke detector & light scattering
smoke detector
• Reduce current which energies alarm
relay and obstruct the light passing
through
• Trigger the alarm bell to give signal
Voice communication
system
• To communicate
critical information
• Colour in red
• Two way
communication system
• A network of telephone
handsets connected to
the master headset at
the Fire Command
Centre
Fire
door
• Allow the flow of
traffic around the
building
• A barrier to stop the
spread of fire when
door is closed
• Provide an escape
route for occupants
to escape when the
door is open
 Fire escape
route

• Emergency exit
• Provides a directional exit signs
• Mounted beside the lift for showing
these escape routes
 Staircase and
compartment
• The number of risers per flight
<16
• Tread & riser dimension are
consistence
• No winders in escape staircase
• Sub-divided into compartment
by using compartment walls
and compartment floors
• Period of insulation >15min
Electrical Supply
System
• Main Switch Board
• Service Entrance
• Branch Circuit
• MCCB
• Conduit
Main switch board
• Consists of variousc
o z
electri apparatus
that are used to
operate circuits
• To transmit electricity
• It is enclosed
• Sheet steel fabricated
 Miniature
circuit breaker
(MCCB)

• To protect cables
• Lines against overload and short-circuit
Conduit
• To protect the cables from
physical damage and
heat
• PVC electrical conduit
elbow
• Light
• High strength
• Low cost
Mechanical and Air-
conditioning System
• Mechanical Fan
• Air Return Diffuser
• Air Supply Diffuser
• Air Door
• AHU Room
• Cooling Tower
• Ventilation Ducting System
Ventilation Conducting
System

 FLEXIBLE DUCTWORKS
 Insulated with fiberglass to avoid losing valuable conditioned air
 Enhance thermal performance and prevent
condensation
and dripping

PKNS COMPLEX
 Cooling Tower

 Specialized heat exchanger

 Located on the roof of PKNS building WHY ?
 Noise and vibration they generate, the tower should
be isolated acoustically from the frame of the
building and noise sensitive areas
 AHU Room

 Located in a large mechanical room

 AHU connects to the ductwork that distributes the conditioned
air throughout the areas of the building
 Warmed air is returned to the AHU room to be cooled after going
through the cooling coil and filter
 Air Door

 Installed air doors at every entrance or customer entryways

 Help keep flying insects out by creating forceful turbulence
 Help keep out outside air and prevent loss of cool air, thus
reducing infiltration through the opening
Air Supply Diffuser

 CONE DIFFUSER  4 - WAYS LOUVER

 Mounted on the ceiling BLADED DIFFUSER
 Cones can be taken out  Mounted on the
by pushing inward, turn ceiling
around and pull down  Provide excellent
diffusion
performance
Air Return Diffuser

 Attached to the wall as well as mounted on the ceiling

 Connects to ductwork that allows air to return to any
cooling or heating system
 The openings that connect to ducts and other spaces for
the returning air are covered with
grillwork.
Vertical Transport
System

• Escalator
• Elevator
 ESCALATOR

 Located at the center of ground floor and second floor

 Double bank in two travel direction
 Used in the objects in which persons travel in two
opposite direction
 Normally use in major department stores where
transportation time
between several levels should be kept to a minimum
 ELEVATOR

Fire Lift and

Electirc Lift Fire Lift and
Electirc Lift

 Three fire fighter lift and three electric lifts

 The elevators can support up to 800kg, 11 people can go in at one
time
 The speed of these elevators is between 100-150 feet per minute
 ELEVATOR

 Equipped with lighting and ventilation fan

 Floor Selection Buttons are used to select floors that the
elevator
will stop at
 Operation and Emergency Buttons are offset below the floor
selection buttons. These buttons include door open, door
close, emergency stop and emergency alarm. All these button
panels are clear and easily reached at appropriate level