Hybrid Electric Vehicle

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HYBRID

ELECTRIC
VEHICLES
Contents
• History
• Hybrid vehicles
• Gasoline electric vehicles
• Electric powered car
• Types of hybrid electric vehicles
• Technology challenges and
opportunities
• Disadvantages

History
William H. Patton filed a patent application for a gasoline-
electric hybrid rail-car propulsion system in early 1889, and for
a similar hybrid boat propulsion system in mid 1889.[34][35] He
went on to test and market the Patton Motor Car, a gas-electric
hybrid system used to drive tram cars and small locomotives. A
gasoline engine drove a generator that served to charge a
lead acid battery in parallel with the traction motors. A
conventional series-parallel controller was used for the
traction motors. A prototype was built in 1889, an experimental
tram car was run in Pullman, Illinois in 1891, and a production
locomotive was sold to a street railway company in
Cedar Falls, Iowa in 1897.[
In 1905, Henri Pieper of Germany/Belgium introduced a
hybrid vehicle with an electric motor/generator, batteries, and
a small gasoline engine. It used the electric motor to charge
its batteries at cruise speed and used both motors to accelerate
or climb a hill. The Pieper factory was taken over by Imperia,
after Pieper died.[41] The 1915 Dual Power, made by the
Woods Motor Vehicle electric car maker, had a four-cylinder
ICE and an electric motor. Below 15 mph (24 km/h) the
electric motor alone drove the vehicle, drawing power from a
battery pack, and above this speed the "main" engine cut in to
take the car up to its 35 mph (56 km/h) top speed. About 600
were made up to 1918.
1998 saw the Esparante GTR-Q9 became the first Petrol-
Electric Hybrid to race at Le Mans, although the car failed to
qualify for the main event. The car managed to finished
second in class at Petit Le Mans the same year.

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