Chapter 7

Section 1
Discovery of Cells
 The Cell Theory
• The Cell Theory
states that all
organisms are
composed of
similar units of
organization
called cells.
Before the Cell Theory people
believed in spontaneous
generation which means living
things come from non living thing

Two scientist disproved

spontaneous generation.
 Francisco Redi proved that
macroorganisms do not
spontaneously generate

People thought
that maggots
came from meat.
•Redi disproved
this in a
controlled
experiment
Pasture proved that microoganisms
do not spontaneously generate
 Development of Cell Theory

• Theodor Schwann and

Matthias Schleiden are
credited with coming up
with the Cell Theory
 Schwann
•   Animal
Cells
Schleiden
• Plant
Cells
 The Cell Theory
  1.
All known living things are made up of
cells.

2. The cell is structural & functional unit

of all living things.
.
3. All cells come from pre-existing cells
by division.
(No spontaneous generation ).
 Microscopes
• The Cell Theory would not
exist if it wasn’t for the
development of the
microscope and the work of
others.
 Janssen
• Invented the
first
compound
microscope
 Robert Hooke
• In 1663 an
English scientist,
Robert Hook
improved
Janssen’s
invention.
 Hooke
• Hooke observed cork
– the remains of dead
tree bark
• Coined the word
CELL
• Derived from the Latin
'cellula' which means
small compartment.
Van Leeuwenhoek
• Ten years later
Anton van
Leeuwenhoek
used his own
single lens
microscopes and
was the first
person to observe
bacteria and
protozoa.
 Leeuwenhoek’s Microscope
• Leeuwenhoek
microscopes
resemble
high power
magnifying
lenses.
Compound Light Microscope
• Ocular lens
times
objective lens
give total
magnification
 Two Basic Cell Types
• Prokaryotic Cells • Eukaryotic Cells
Mainly single Mainly
celled organisms multicellular
organisms,
although some
are single celled
(amoeba,algae,
yeast)
 Prokaryotic Cell
• Prokaryotes
have no
membrane
bound
organelles.
• Example –
bacteria cell
 Eukaryotic Cells
• Eukaryotes –
contain
membrane
bound organelles
• Example – plant
and animal cells
 Organelles
• An organelle is a small
specialized structure inside
of a cell.
• An example of an organelle
is the nucleus which
controls cell functions.