EARLY EDUCATION OF

RIZAL / RIZAL AT HIS TIMES

IRMA T. USITA
BSSW
SUBJECT: SOCSCIE SW 5 – Life and Works of Rizal
EARLY EDUCATION IN CALAMBA AND BIÑAN

 Doña Teodora was Jose’s first non-formal teacher

 On her lap, Jose learned prayers and the alphabet at the age
of three

PRIVATE TUTORS OF RIZAL

 Maestro Celestino was Jose’s first private tutor
 Maestro Lucas Padua was the second private tutor
 Maestro Leon Monroy became the hero’s tutor in Spanish and
Latin. He was a classmate of Don Francisco.
 The Uncles of Rizal
 Uncle Jose Alberto – gave wise direction in the studies of Jose
 UncleGregorio – instilled into the mind of Jose the Love for
Education
“Work hard and perform every task very carefully; learn to be
swift as well as thorough; be independent in thinking; and make visual pictures
of everything” – Uncle Gregorio

 Uncle Manuel Alberto – seeing Jose was frail in nature, concerned himself
with the physical development of his nephew
 He also taught Jose the love for open air and admiration for the beauty of
nature
 Jose Goes to Biñan
 Don Leon died five months later and Jose was sent to a private school
in Biñan.
 June 1869 – Jose goes to Biñan with Paciano
 Carromata – the mode of transportation
 Aunt’s house – where Jose lodged

First Day in School

 Maestro Justiniano Aquino Cruz – formal teacher
 Rizal described Maestro Justinian as tall, thin, long-necked, sharp-
nosed, with a body slightly bent forward
 The school was in Maestro Justiniano’s house
 First School Brawl
 Pedro (the teacher’s son) – wrestling
 Andres Salandanan – arm wrestling

Painting Lessons in Biñan

 Old Juancho – freely gave Jose painting lessons
 Jose Rizal and his classmate Jose Guevarra became
apprentices of Old Juancho
 Daily Life in Biñan
Jose’s daily routine:
 Hears mass at 4 a.m. or studies lesson before going
to mass
 Goes to orchard to look for mabolo to eat
 Breakfast
 Goes to class at 10 a.m.
 Lunch break
 Goes back to school at 2 p.m.
 Goes home at 5 p.m.
 Prays with cousins
 Studies lessons, then draws a little
 Has supper
 Prays again
 Plays in the street if moon is bright
 Sleeps
 Best Student in School

 Jose surpassed his classmates in Spanish,

Latin and other subjects
 His older classmates were jealous and
squealed to the teacher whenever he had
fights
 Jose usually received five or six blows
while laid out on a bench
 End of Biñan Schooling

 December 17, 1870 – Jose left Biñan

 Talim – the steamer that Jose rode
 Arturo Camps – A Frenchman and a friend
of Don Francisco, he took
care of Jose during the
trip
 Martyrdom of GOMBURZA
 January 20, 1872 – Cavite mutiny
 February 17, 1872 – Fathers Mariano Gomez, Jose Burgos and
Jacinto Zamora were implicated and executed
 The GOMBURZA were leaders of the secularization movement
 The martyrdom of the three priests inspired Rizal to fight the
evils of Spanish tyranny
 In 1891, Rizal dedicated his second novel El Filibusterismo to
GOMBURZA
 Injustice to the Hero’s Mother
 In 1872, Doña Teodora was arrested on a malicious charge
that she aided his brother Jose Alberto in trying to poison his
wife

 Jose Alberto planned to divorce his wife because of her

infidelity

 Jose Alberto’s wife connived with the Spanish lieutenant of

the Guardia Civil and filed a case against Rizal’s mother

 Antonio Vivencio del Rosario governadorcillo of Calamba,

 Injustice to the Hero’s Mother
 50 kilometers – Doña Teodora was made to walk from
Calamba to the prison in Santa Cruz

 Don Francisco de Mercaida & Don Manuel Manzano –

most famous lawyers of Manila, defended Doña Teodora
in court

 After 2½ years – the Royal Audiencia acquitted Doña

Teodora
THANK YOU!