ELEMINATION OF

ARBITRARY
CONSTANTS ‘-

Subtitle

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 Eliminate the arbitrary constants C1 and C2 from the relation y
= C1e-2x + C2e3x

• y = C1 e-2x + C2 e3x ►Eq.1 • Eq.2x 2 + Eq.3

• y’ = -2C1 e-2x + 3C2 e3x ►Eq.2 • (y’ = -2C1 e-2x + 3C2 e3x)(2) ► 4y = -4C1 e-2x + 6C2 e3x
• y’’ = 4C1 e-2x + 9C2 e3x ►Eq.3 + y’’ = 4C1 e-2x + 9C2 e3x
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y’’+ 2y’ = 15C2 e3x ►Eq.5

• Eq.1 x 2 + Eq.2
• Eq.4x3 – E q.5

• (y = C1 e-2x + C2 e3x)(2) ► 2y = 2C1 e-2x + 2C2 e3x)

3y’+ 6y = 15C2 e3x ►Eq.4x3
+ y’ = -2C1 e-2x + 3C2 e3x - y’’+ 2y’ = 15C2 e3x ►Eq.5

y’+ 2y = 5C2 e3x ►Eq.4

• y’’- y’ - 6y = 0
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 Eliminate the constant a from the relation
(x – a)2 + y2 = a2
(x – a)2 + y2 = a2 ►Eq.1
2(x – a)dx + 2ydy = 0
2(x – a) + 2yy’= 0 y2 = x2 + 2xy(dy/dx)
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2x – 2a + 2yy’= 0 y dx = x2 dx+ 2xydy
2

2x + 2yy’= 2a
(x2 - y2)dx+ 2xydy = 0
a = x + yy’ subst. to Eq.1
[x – (x + yy’ )]2 + y2 = (x + yy’ )2
(x – x - yy’ )2 + y2 = x2 + 2xyy’ + (yy’ )2
(yy’)2 + y2 = x2 + 2xyy’ + (yy’)2
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Eliminate the constant a from the relation
(x – a)2 + y2 = a2
(x – a)2 + y2 = a2
x2 - 2ax + a2 + y2 = a2
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x2 - 2ax + y2 = 0
x2 + y2 = 2ax
( x2 + y2 )/x= 2a
[X(2xdx +2ydy)- ( x2 + y2 )dx]/ x2 = 0

(x2 - y2)dx+ 2xydy = 0

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Eliminate B and A from the relation x = B cos (wt + A)
where w is a parameter

dx/dt = -wB sin (wt + A)

d2x/dt2= -w2B cos (wt + A)
‘-
d2x/dt2= -w2x

d2x/dt2 + w2x = 0

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Exercise #2

• Eliminate the arbitrary constants on items 3, 5, 7, 15 and 22 on page no. 9

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Order of Differential Equations
• The highest – ordered derivative appearing in the equation

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Linear Ordinary Differential Equations

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Linear Partial Differential Equations

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State whether the equation is ordinary or partial, linear or
non-linear and give its order

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• Ordinary
• Non-Linear
• First order/ Order one

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 ‘-

• Ordinary
• Non - Linear
• Second order/ Order Two

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 ‘-

• Ordinary
• Non - Linear
• First Order

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 ‘-

• Partial
• Non - Linear
• 2nd Order

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 ‘-

• Partial
• Non - Linear
• 2nd Order

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 ‘-

• Ordinary
• Non - Linear
• 2nd Order

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• Ordinary
• Linear
• 2nd Order

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• Ordinary
• Non-Linear
• 2nd Order

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 ‘-

• Partial
• Non-Linear
• 2nd Order

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 ‘-

• Partial
• Non-Linear
• 2nd Order

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 ‘-
• Ordinary
• Linear
• 2nd Order

L,R, C, E and 𝜔 are

called parameters
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Assignment
• Solve exercises 1-16 on page 5.
Reference: Elementary Differential Equations by Rainville and Bedient

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Data Analysis
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Series 1 Series 2 Series 3

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