PRESENTATION ON ENVIORNMENTAL STUDIES

• GROUP-2
• ROLLN0 NAME
• 05 BHAVESH BHATIA
• 06 KRISHNA CHABBRIA
• 07 MIHIR CHICHRIA
• 08 CHIRAG MATAI
 TOPICS COVERED-

1. Defination,importance& need of enviornmental studies.

2. Segments of environment.
3. Concept of 4r.
4. Public awareness about environment.
 DEFINATION
• The word ‘environment’ is derived from the old French word ‘environer’ – which means to
‘surround, enclose, and encircle’. Environment refers to an aggregate of conditions or
surroundings in which living beings such as humans, animals, and plants live or survive and non-
living things exist.
• All living beings including man and their environment are mutually reactive, affecting each other
in a number of ways. It is generally equated with nature wherein physical components of the
planet earth such as earth, air, water, etc. support and affect life in the biosphere.
 IMPORTANCE OF ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES

• We will begin to appreciate and adopt the idea of "DEVELOPMENT WITHOUT

DESTRUCTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT"
• Knowledge about "VARIOUS TYPES OF ENVIRONMENTS & DIFFERENT
ENVIRONMENTAL HAZARDS"
• Playing an effective role in protecting the environment by "DEMANDING CHANGES IN LAW
AND ENFORCEMENT SYSTEMS".
• Having a "POSITIVE IMPACT" on "QUALITY OF LIFE".
• Creating a "CONCERN AND RESPECT FOR THE ENVIRONMENT".
 ENVIRONMENT STUDIES HAVE BECOME
SIGNIFICANT FOR THE FOLLOWING REASONS:

1. Environment Issues are being of Global

2. Development and Environment
3. Explosive Increase in Pollution
4 Need for Wise Planning of Development
 NEED FOR ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES:

• Environmental Education (EE) is a process of learning by giving an overall perspective of

knowledge and awareness of the environment. It sensitizes the society about environmental
issues and challenges interested individuals to develop skills and expertise thereby providing
appropriate solutions.
• Climate change, loss of biodiversity, declining fisheries, ozone layer depletion, illegal trade of
endangered species, destruction of habitats, land degradation, depleting ground water supplies,
introduction of alien species, environmental pollution, solid waste disposal, storm water and
sewage disposal pose a serious threat to ecosystems in forest, rural, urban and marine
ecosystems.
 SEGMENTS OF EVS

There are four segments of enviornmental studies ,they are classified as follows
1. ATMOSPHERE
2. HYDROSPHERE
3. LITHOSPHERE
4. BIOSPHERE
 THE ATMOSPHERE

• The atmosphere is the body of gasses that surrounds our

planet, held in place by earth's gravity. Most of our
atmosphere is located close to the earth's surface where
it is most dense. The air of our planet is 79 percent
nitrogen and just under 21 percent oxygen; the small
amount remaining is composed of argon, carbon
dioxide, and other trace gasse
 THE HYDROSPHERE

• The hydrosphere is composed of all of the water on or near the planet's surface. This includes
oceans, rivers, and lakes, as well as underground aquifers and the moisture in the atmosphere.
Scientists estimate the total amount at more than 1,300 million cubic feet.
• The planet's water doesn't exist in a static environment, it changes form as it moves through the
hydrological cycle. It falls to the earth in the form of rain, seeps into underground aquifers, rises
to the surface from springs or seeps from porous rock, and flows from small streams into larger
rivers that empty into lakes, seas, and oceans, where some of it evaporates into the atmosphere to
begin the cycle anew.
 THE LITHOSPHERE

The lithosphere, sometimes called the geosphere, refers to all of the rocks of the earth. It includes
the planet's mantle and crust, the two outermost layers. The boulders of Mount Everest, the sand of
Miami Beach and the lava erupting from Hawaii's Mount Kilauea are all components of the
lithosphere.
 The lithosphere ends at the point when the minerals in the earth's crust begin to demonstrate
viscous and fluid behaviors. The exact depth at which this happens depends on the chemical
composition of the earth, and the heat and pressure acting upon the material.
 THE BIOSPHERE

• The biosphere is composed of all living organisms: plants, animals

and one-celled organisms alike. Most of the planet's terrestrial life
is found in a zone that stretches from 3 meters below ground to 30
meters above it. In the oceans and seas, most aquatic life inhabits a
zone that stretches from the surface to about 200 meters below.
• The biosphere is made up of biomes, which are areas where plants
and animals of a similar nature can be found together. A desert,
with its cactus, sand, and lizards, is one example of a biome. A
coral reef is another.
 4R CONCEPT -
REDUCE,REUSE,RECYCLE,RECOVERY (4R) 

1.Reduction

Minimizing the consumption of raw material true improvement in the design

the products may allow a significant reduction in the design of products and in
the amount of waste generated when the reached through end of the life cycle.
Decreasing in the weight food container cab be seen in the last 20 years but
there is a limit to the which can be made by weight reduction in the
mechanical properties and performance of the products are also affected by the
decrease.
 (2) REUSE

• This is mainly applied to packaging goods been defined as

anyoperation by which the packaging items are refilled or
used for the same purpose for which they were made with or
without the support of auxiliary products.
• Consumer and industries encourage to promote the reuse of
Goods and packaging instead of disposal.
• This option can be applied for container such as
bottles,bags,etc.
 (3) RECYCLE

• This allows the waste to be reintroduced intothe consumption cycle Generally

and secondary applications because in many cases the recycle products of
lower quality then the virgin ones. The recycling must be applied only when
the amount of energy consumed in the recycling process is lower than the
energy required for the production of new materials. plastics can be recycled
by using two different approaches Mechanical Recycling, Feedstock
recycling.
• In the first case plastics are recycled as polymers whereas in the second case
Plastic waste are transformed into Chemical or fuels.
 (4) RECOVERY

• When the recycling of waste is not feasable or there is no market for the
recycle product incernation can be used to generate energy from the waste
combution heat.
• Plastics materials of high calorific value in the Plastic waste greatly
contribute to the energy produce in the incarnation plant.
• Alternatively they can be used as fuel in number of applications like
powerplants, Industrial furnaces and cement industries.
 NEED FOR PUBLIC AWARENESS:

Increasing population, Urbanization  and poverty have generated pressure on the natural resources and lead to a
degradation of the environment. TO PREVENT THE ENVIRONMENT FROM FURTHER DEGRADATION, the
supreme court has ordered and initiated environmental protection awareness through government and non-
government agencies to take part in protecting our environment.

Environmental pollution cannot prevented by laws alone. Public participation is equally important with regard to
environmental protection.
Environmental Education (EE) is a process of learning by giving an overall perspective of knowledge and awareness
of the environment. It sensitizes the society about environmental issues and challenges interested individuals to
develop skills and expertise thereby providing appropriate solutions.
 THE NEED FOR PUBLIC AWARENESS

• It is essential to make the public aware of the formidable consequences of the Environmental
Degradation. If these are not addresses and reformative measures undertaken, the extinction of
life is inevitable. We are facing various environmental challenges as discussed in the next slide
• Growing Population 
• Poverty
• Agricultural Growth
• Need for Ground water
• Development And Forests
• Degradation of land
• Reduction of Genetic Diversity 
• Evil Consequences of Urbanisation
• Air and water Pollution: