Chapter 1

SETS
Recalling

What is union?
What is intersection?
What are disjoint sets and overlapping sets?
 Objectives:
By the end of the period students will be able to learn
about:
 Universal sets
 Complement of sets
Date: 17-08-2021
 Universal set:

A universal set is the set which consists of all

the members of the sets under consideration. It is denoted by U.
Examples:
U={1,2,3,4,6} A = {1,2,3,4} , B = {2,4,6}
Then U is the universal set.
 Complement of a set:
Complement of a set A mean “ set of all the
members of universal set which do not belongs to set A”. It is
denoted by A'.
Examples:
If U={1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10}, A={1,2,3,4} Find A‘ then U is the
universal set.
A‘ = U-A
= {1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10} – {1,2,3,4}
= {5,6,7,8,9,10}
 Exercise 1.4
Pg: 12
 Q1. Let U={a,b,c,d,e,f}, A ={a,e,f} find
i) A' ii) AUA' iii) A∩A' iv) U' v) φ'
 i) A'
Solution:
A' = U – A
= {a,b,c,d,e,f} – {a,e,f}
A' = {b,c,d}
 Exercise 1.4
Pg: 12
 Q1. Let U={a,b,c,d,e,f}, A ={a,e,f} find
i) A' ii) AUA' iii) A∩A' iv) U' v) φ'
 ii) AUA'

Solution:
A' = {b,c,d}
AUA‘ = {a,e,f} U {b,c,d}
AUA' = {a,b,c,d,e,f}
 Exercise 1.4
Pg: 12
 Q1. Let U={a,b,c,d,e,f}, A ={a,e,f} find
i) A' ii) AUA' iii) A∩A' iv) U' v) φ'
 iii) A∩A'

Solution:
A' = {b,c,d}
A ∩ A‘ = {a,e,f} ∩ {b,c,d}
A ∩ A' = { }
 Exercise 1.4
Pg: 12
 Q1. Let U={a,b,c,d,e,f}, A ={a,e,f} find
i) A' ii) AUA' iii) A∩A' iv) U' v) φ'
 iv) U'
Solution:
U' = U – U
= {a,b,c,d,e,f} – {a,b,c,d,e,f}
U' = { }
 Exercise 1.4
Pg: 12
 Q1. Let U={a,b,c,d,e,f}, A ={a,e,f} find
i) A' ii) AUA' iii) A∩A' iv) U' v) φ'
 v) φ'
Solution:
φ' = U – φ
= {a,b,c,d,e,f} – { }
φ' = {a,b,c,d,e,f}
 Exercise 1.4
Pg: 12
 Q2. Let U={1,2,3,….,10}, E ={2,4,6,8,10} find
i) E' ii) EUE' iii) E∩E' iv) U' v) φ'
 i) E'
Solution:
E' = U – E
= {1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10} – {2,4,6,8,10}
E' = {1,3,5,7,9}
 Exercise 1.4
Pg: 12
 Q2. Let U={1,2,3,….,10}, E ={2,4,6,8,10} find
i) E' ii) EUE' iii) E∩E' iv) U' v) φ'
 ii) EUE'

Solution:
E' = {1,3,5,7,9}
EUE‘ = {2,4,6,8,10} U {1,3,5,7,9}
EUE' = {1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10}
 Exercise 1.4
Pg: 12
 Q2. Let U={1,2,3,….,10}, E ={2,4,6,8,10} find
i) E' ii) EUE' iii) E∩E' iv) U' v) φ'
 iii) E∩E'

Solution:
E' = {1,3,5,7,9}
E ∩ E‘ = {2,4,6,8,10} ∩ {1,3,5,7,9}
E ∩ E' = { }
 Exercise 1.4
Pg: 12
 Q2. Let U={1,2,3,….,10}, E ={2,4,6,8,10} find
i) E' ii) EUE' iii) E∩E' iv) U' v) φ'
 iv) U'
Solution:
U' = U – U
= {1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10} – {1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10}
U' = { }
 Exercise 1.4
Pg: 12
 Q2. Let U={1,2,3,….,10}, E ={2,4,6,8,10} find
i) E' ii) EUE' iii) E∩E' iv) U' v) φ'
 v) φ'
Solution:
φ' = U – φ
= {1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10} – { }
φ' = {1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10}
HOME WORK
Do Ex 1.4 QIII Pg 12
QIII Let U={0,1,2,3,….,12}, P
={1,3,5,7,9,11} find
i) P' ii) PUP' iii) P∩P' iv) U∩U'
Date: 20-08-2021 Exercise 1.4
Pg: 12
 Q4. Let U={u,v,w,x,y,z}, B ={x,y,z} find
i) B' ii) B‘UB iii) B'∩B iv) UUU'
 i) B'
Solution:
B' = U – B
= {u,v,w,x,y,z} – {x,y,z}
B' = {u,v,w}
Date: 20-08-2021 Exercise 1.4
Pg: 12
 Q4. Let U={u,v,w,x,y,z}, B ={x,y,z} find
i) B' ii) B‘UB iii) B'∩B iv) UUU'
 ii) B'UB
Solution:
B' = {u,v,w}
B'UB = {u,v,w} U {x,y,z}
B'UB = {u,v,w,x,y,z}
Date: 20-08-2021 Exercise 1.4
Pg: 12
 Q4. Let U={u,v,w,x,y,z}, B ={x,y,z} find
i) B' ii) B‘UB iii) B'∩B iv) UUU'
 iii) B'∩B
Solution:
B' = {u,v,w}
B'∩B = {u,v,w} ∩ {x,y,z}
B'∩B = { }
Date: 20-08-2021 Exercise 1.4
Pg: 12
 Q4. Let U={u,v,w,x,y,z}, B ={x,y,z} find
i) B' ii) B‘UB iii) B'∩B iv) UUU'
 iv) UUU'
 Solution:
U' = ?
U' = U – U
= {u,v,w,x,y,z} – {u,v,w,x,y,z}
U' = { }
UUU‘ = ?
UUU‘ = {u,v,w,x,y,z} U { }
UUU‘ = {u,v,w,x,y,z}
Date: 20-08-2021 Exercise 1.4
Pg: 12
 Q5. Let U={1,2,3,4,….,10}, A ={1,2,3,5,6,7}, B
={2,4,6,8,10 } find
i) A' ii) B' iii) A'∩A iv) AUA' v) BUB' vi) B∩B'
 i) A'
Solution:
A' = U – A
= {1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10} – {1,2,3,5,6,7}
A' = {4,8,9,10}
Date: 20-08-2021 Exercise 1.4
Pg: 12
 Q5. Let U={1,2,3,4,….,10}, A ={1,2,3,5,6,7}, B
={2,4,6,8,10 } find
i) A' ii) B' iii) A'∩A iv) AUA' v) BUB' vi) B∩B'
 ii) B'
Solution:
B' = U – B
= {1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10} – {2,4,6,8,10}
B' = {1,3,5,7,9}
Date: 20-08-2021 Exercise 1.4
Pg: 12
 Q5. Let U={1,2,3,4,….,10}, A ={1,2,3,5,6,7}, B
={2,4,6,8,10 } find
i) A' ii) B' iii) A'∩A iv) AUA' v) BUB' vi) B∩B'
 iii) A'∩A

Solution:
A' = {4,8,9,10}
A'∩A = {4,8,9,10} ∩ {1,2,3,5,6,7}
A'∩A = { }
Date: 20-08-2021 Exercise 1.4
Pg: 12
 Q5.Let U={1,2,3,4,….,10}, A ={1,2,3,5,6,7}, B
={2,4,6,8,10 } find
i) A' ii) B' iii) A'∩A iv) AUA' v) BUB' vi) B∩B'
 iv) AUA'

Solution:
A' = {4,8,9,10}
AUA' = {1,2,3,5,6,7} U {4,8,9,10}
AUA' = {1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10 }
Date: 20-08-2021 Exercise 1.4
Pg: 12
 Q5. Let U={1,2,3,4,….,10}, A ={1,2,3,5,6,7}, B
={2,4,6,8,10 } find
i) A' ii) B' iii) A'∩A iv) AUA' v) BUB' vi) B∩B'
 v) BUB'
Solution:
B' = {1,3,5,7,9}
BUB' = {1,3,5,7,9} U {4,8,9,10}
BUB' = {1,3,4,5,7,8,9,10 }
Date: 20-08-2021 Exercise 1.4
Pg: 12
 Q5. Let U={1,2,3,4,….,10}, A ={1,2,3,5,6,7}, B
={2,4,6,8,10 } find
i) A' ii) B' iii) A'∩A iv) AUA' v) BUB' vi) B∩B'
 vi) B∩B‘

Solution:
B' = {1,3,5,7,9}
B∩B' = {2,4,6,8,10} ∩ {1,3,5,7,9}
B∩B' = { }