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Pharmacognosy-Source-And Enironmental Actors On Crude Drugs
Pharmacognosy-Source-And Enironmental Actors On Crude Drugs
Pharmacognosy-Source-And Enironmental Actors On Crude Drugs
2: Crude Drugs
TOPIC: PRODUCTION OF
CRUDE DRUGS
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INTRODUCTION
Cannabis experiment:
This research was conducted by El-Kheir et al. in
1986 on cannabis plant. Seeds of cannabis were
grown in England and Sudan. Following results
were obtained.
. ENGLAND SUDAN
High CBD (cannabidiol) In first generation THC
increase to 3.3% with
No THC (tetrahydro- further decease in
cannabinol) CBD by 3.3%
Phytotrons
Phytotrons are the special laboratories in
which all the environmental factors are
independently controllable and are used for
experiments.
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B.ENIROMENTAL FACTORS….continue
Temperature:
Temperature is a major factor controlling the
development and metabolism of plants. It also
effect the
Quality of medicinal components of plants
Quantity of medicinal components of plants
Examples
formation of volatile oils is increased at higher
temperatures, although very hot days may lead
to an excess physical loss of oil.
The mean optimum temperature for nicotine
production in Nicotiana rustica is 20°C. 7
B.ENIROMENTAL FACTORS….continue
RAINFALL
Rainfall effect the vegetation and quality and
quantity of medicinal components of plants
Leaching
Continuous rain can lead to a loss of water-
soluble substances from leaves and roots by
leaching;
Example
In Cassia angustifolia short-term drought
increases the concentration of sennosides A+B
but in the longer term causes loss of leaf
biomass. 8
B.ENIROMENTAL FACTORS….continue
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B.ENIROMENTAL FACTORS….continue
Altitude:
Altitude or height at which plant grow may
effect the quality and quantity of active
constituents.
Example
Tea, cocoa, coffee, require elevation.
Oil content of thyme and peppermint
decreases at high altitude.
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