FREE GOVERNOR

MODE OF OPERATION

EXPERIENCE IN THE SOUTHERN REGION

 FREE GOVERNOR MODE OF OPERATION:-
WHY IS IT REQUIRED?
 SELF – HEALING MECHANISM
 MOTHER OF ALL CONTROLS
 A PRIMARY DEFENCE MECHANISM AGAINST GRID
OCCURRENCE
 PREVENTS SECONDARY COLLAPSE DURING RESTORATION
 MOST EQUITABLE
 PUBLIC SERVICE OF SECURITY
 TECHNICAL SOLIDARITY
 FAST RESPONSE – IMPOSSIBLE TO ACHIEVE WITH HUMAN
INTERVENTION
 ADOPTED AS A STANDARD PRACTICE WORLDWIDE
 STEADY FREQUENCY NECESSARY FOR PRICE SIGNAL
 FREE GOVERNOR MODE OF OPERATION:-
WHY IS IT REQUIRED?
 DEVELOPING GRID
 FOCUS NOW ON ECONOMY , OPTIMISATION
 GRID OPERATOR NEEDS TO BE UNSHACKLED FROM
THE UNCERTAINITY OF GRID SECURITY
 IS FGM ACTIVE?
 WILL UFR’S ACT? UFR IN SOUTHERN REGION
 FREE GOVERNOR MODE OF OPERATION:-
WHY IS IT REQUIRED?
 POST ABT SCENARIO: GRID IS THE MARKET PLACE
AND FREQUENCY IS THE PRICE SIGNAL
 CAN WE ALLOW THE PRICE TO FLUCTUATE
ALARMINGLY?
 WILDLY FLUCTUATING PRICE SIGNAL MEANS THE
OPTIMISATION VECTOR IS CLOUDED
 IN ANY OTHER MARKET, SUCH FLUCTUATIONS IN
PRICE WOULD HAVE SET OFF ALARM BELLS!!!
 FREE GOVERNOR MODE OF OPERATION:- THE
PRE-REQUISITES
 ‘CRITICAL MASS’ VITAL TO THE SUCCESS OF
IMPLEMENTATION
 DECREASED RESPONSE, BLOCKED
GOVERNORS – INCREASED STRAIN ON
‘SINCERE’ UNITS
 JERKY ACTIONS – SHARP FREQUENCY
FLUCTUATION
 STEP CHANGES ARE FORBIDDEN IN THE GRID
 MITIGATED TO A LARGE EXTENT BY PROPER LOAD
MANAGEMENT
 FGMO

STIPULATIONS IN IEGC
 EXTRACTS FROM
INDIAN ELECTRICITY GRID CODE
Section 6.2(e)
“ All generating units which are synchronized with the
grid, irrespective of their ownership, type and size,
shall have their governors in normal operation at all
times. If any generating unit of over fifty (50) MW size
(10 MW for North Eastern region) is required to be
operated without its governor in normal operation, the
RLDC shall be immediately advised about the reason
and duration of such operation. All governors shall
have a droop of between 3% and 6%.”
 EXTRACTS FROM
INDIAN ELECTRICITY GRID CODE
Section 6.2(f)
“Facilities available with/in load limiters,
Automatic Turbine Run up System (ATRS),
Turbine Supervisory control, coordinated
control system, etc. shall not be used to
suppress the normal governor action in any
manner. No dead bands and/or time delays shall
be deliberately introduced.”
EXTRACTS FROM INDIAN ELECTRICITY GRID CODE
Section 6.2(g)
“All generating units, operating at/up to 100% of their
Maximum Continuous Rating (MCR) shall normally be
capable of (and shall not in any way be prevented from)
instantaneously picking up five percent (5%) extra load for at
least five (5) minutes or within technical limits prescribed by
the manufacturer when frequency falls due to a system
contingency. The generating units operating at above 100%
of their MCR shall be capable of (and shall not be prevented
from) going at least up to 105% of their MCR when
frequency falls suddenly.”

“Any generating unit of over fifty (50) MW size (10MW for

NER) not complying with the above requirement, shall be
kept in operation (synchronized with the grid) only after
obtaining the permission of RLDC.
 EXTRACTS FROM
INDIAN ELECTRICITY GRID CODE
Section 6.2(h)
“The recommended rate for changing the governor setting,
i.e. supplementary control for increasing or decreasing the
output (generation level) for all generating units,
irrespective of their type and size, would be one(1.0)
percent per minute or as per manufacturer’s limits.
However if the frequency falls below 49.5 Hz, all partly
loaded generating units shall pick up additional load at a
faster rate according to their capability.”
 EXTRACTS FROM
INDIAN ELECTRICITY GRID CODE
Section 1.6
The dates from which the stipulations under sections
4.8(c), 4.8(d), 6.2(e), 6.2(f), 6.2(g) and 6.2(h) would
come into effect shall be the date for implementation of
the Commercial mechanism for
(i) All generating units of installed capacity 200 MW and
above and reservoir based hydro units of installed
capacity 50 MW and above in SR, ER, NR & WR.
(ii) All thermal and reservoir based hydro generating units
of installed capacity 10 MW and above in North Eastern
Region.
 EXTRACTS FROM
INDIAN ELECTRICITY GRID CODE

Section 1.6 (contd.)

For all other generating units the date of
implementation of stipulations under section
4.8(c), 4.8(d), 6.2(e), 6.2(f), 6.2(g) and 6.2(h)
would be three months after the date of
implementation of the Commercial mechanism
(ABT)
FREE GOVERNOR OPERATION

THE BASICS
 VARIATION IN FREQUENCY

 Sudden addition of load causes a drop in frequency.

 An increased load is supplied through an increase in
the load angle by which the rotor lags the stator field.
 It means a loss of Kinetic Energy of the rotating M/c
and a slower speed of rotation i.e. a lower frequency.
f = (P/2) X (N/60)
Where f = frequency of the system
P = no of poles of the M/c.
N = rpm of the M/c.
 PRIMARY CONTROLS
TO REGULATE FREQUENCY
 Relief by frequency dependent load

 Free Governor Operation

 Under Frequency Operation

 GOVERNOR
 Speed governor is the controlling mechanism which
controls the input to the prime mover automatically
when there is a change in system speed (frequency)

 When there is a change in speed (frequency), governor

responses by causing valves/gates to open/close to
increase/decrease the input to the prime mover

 The notion that Governor attempts to restore frequency

to normal is a misconception. In reality, Governors
attempts to restore load generation balance, using
frequency change as a signal.
PRIMARY CONTROL - GOVERNOR ACTION
Primary control involves the action of turbine speed
governors in generating units, which will respond where
the speed (frequency) deviates from the speed (frequency)
set point as a result of an imbalance between generation
and demand in the synchronously interconnected network
as a whole. Technical solidarity between members will
involve the simultaneous action of primary control on all
generating units involved in system control.
 DROOP

 Droop is the amount of speed (or frequency)

change that is necessary to cause the main prime
mover control mechanism to move from fully
closed to fully open.

 Normal range - 3 to 5%
 FREQUENCY VS LOAD CURVE
Load
in %

100%

Droop = 5%
50%

0% Frequency in Hz
50 51.25 52.5
Hz Hz Hz
 PARTICIPATION OF 5% DROOP ON 200MW & 500MW GENERATORS

600

500

400
GENERATION IN MW --->

400

300
300
100MW for 0.5HZ
Frequency
200
200
160

120
100
100
40MW for 0.5HZ 80
Frequency
40

0
49 49.5 50 50.5 51 51.5
FREQ IN HZ --->
 RESPONSE BY A 500 MW GENERATOR WITH DIFFRENT DROOP

500
500
500

450

400
400 375
350 4 % DROOP
300
300
MW ->

250
250
5 % DROOP
200
200

150
125
100
100

50

0 0

48 48.5 49 49.5 50 50.5 51 51.5

HZ->
 GOVERNING SYSTEM
 Hydraulic system has a droop of 5%

 Electro-hydraulic system has a droop adjustable from 2.5

to 8%. It is normally set at 5%

 In ehtc, droop characteristics is realised through frequency

influence on load controller

 Frequency influence also acts in cmc for combustion

controls
 BLOCKED GOVERNOR
Blocking of governor is bypassing the governing
feedback mechanism to maintain fixed generator
output.
 EFFORTS BY SRLDC
 ISSUE TAKEN UP AT OCC AND TCC/SREB MEETINGS
 LETTERS TO CONSTITUENTS
 VISITS TO LDC’S AND POWER STATIONS TO PROMO
TE AWARENESS
 CO-ORDINATED WITH THE CONSTITUENTS FOR
STAGGERING OF LOAD CHANGE OVERS TO
PREVENT LARGE FREQUENCY FLUCTUATIONS
 KADAMPARAI PUMP OPERATION
 INTER REGIONAL EXCHANGE
 TYPICALLY ABOUT 50 SET POINT CHANGES IN A DAY
 SYNCHRONOUS CONDENSER OPERATION
 COMMERCIAL HURDLES OBVIATED
 CERC ORDER ALLOWING 101% AND 105%
 SUGGESTED REGULATORY
REQUIREMENT
 ONUS OF PROVING THAT THE UNIT IS ON FGMO TO
LIE WITH THE GENERATOR
 EVERY POWER PLANT IN-CHARGE (UNDER
FACTORIES ACT ) TO SELF CERTIFY FGMO ON
QUARTERLY BASIS
 EVERY SLDC TO CERTIFY FOR ITS CONTROL AREA
 RLDC TO FILE COMPLIANCE IN ITS QUARTERLY
REPORT AS PER IEGC
 CAPACITY ON FGMO IN SR
( HYDRO < 50 MW & THERMAL < 200 MW )

CAPACITY ON FGMO ( MW )
STATE THERMAL/
HYDRO TOTAL
GAS

ANDHRA PRADESH 0 760 760

KARNATAKA 120 0 120

KERALA 433 0 433
TAMIL NADU 780 390 1,170
ISGS 0 0 0
TOTAL 1,333 1,150 2,483

DETAILS
 AUTOMATIC UFR RELAYS
 SET AT 48/47.8/47.7/47.6 HZ UPTO FEB 2003
 FREQUENT OPERATION: FREQ < 47.8 : 11728 TIMES
 MOSTLY DISCONNECTED
 SETTING RAISED TO 48.2/48.0/47.8 HZ IN
MARCH ’03
 OPERATED ONCE ON 10TH JUNE ‘03
 CONSTITUENTS GAINED CONFIDENCE

 SETTINGS RAISED TO 48.5 /48.2/48.0 HZ IN

AUG ’03
 ACTED ONLY ONCE TILL NOW:- 5TH MARCH ‘04
 KADAMPARAI- ON 18/02/2003
KADAMPARAI OPERATION: PRE FGMO
500 51.5
AROUND 600 MU PUMPED
SINCE JAN 2003 GENERATOR MODE
400
51

300

50.5
200

FREQUENCY(HZ)
MW

100 50

0
49.5

-100
TRIPPING DUE
49
-200 TO SUDDEN
PUMP MODE FREQ RISE
-300 48.5
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 0
HOURS
 I N M W ---->

0
100
200
300
400
500

-300
-200
-100
0 0 :0 0
01:00
02:00
0 3 :0 0
0 4 :0 0
0 5 :0 0
0 6 :0 0
0 7 :0 0
08:00
0 9 :0 0
1 0 :0 0
1 1 :0 0
1 2 :0 0
KADAMPARAI

1 3 :0 0
TIME ---->

14:00
03-SEP-2003

15:00
1 6 :0 0
1 7 :0 0
FREQ

18:00
1 9 :0 0
2 0 :0 0
21:00
2 2 :0 0
KADAMPARAI GENERATION/PUMP Vs FREQUENCY FOR

23:00
0 0 :0 0
48.80
49.00
49.20
49.40
49.60
49.80
50.00
50.20
50.40
50.60

FREQ U EN C Y IN H Z - - - - >
 I N M W ---->

-50

-250
-200
-150
-100
50
0
100
150
200
00:00
01:00
02:00
03:00
04:00
05:00
06:00
07:00
08:00
09:00
10:00
11:00
KADAMPARAI
12:00
13:00
TIME ---->

14:00
15:00
23-MAY-2004

16:00
17:00
FREQ

18:00
19:00
20:00
21:00
22:00
KADAMPARAI GENERATION/PUMP Vs FREQUENCY FOR

23:00
00:00
49.00
49.50
50.00
50.50

F R E Q U E N C Y IN H Z - - - - >
 FREE GOVERNOR
MODE OF OPERATION

PRACTICAL EXPERIENCES
 ANALYSIS OF

FREE GOVERNOR MODE OF

OPERATION

TRIPPING OF TALCHER-KOLAR
AT 17:47HRS

ON 26-JAN-05
 FREE GOVERNOR MODE OF OPERATION ON 26-JAN-05
GENERATION vs FREQUENCY FOR
NTPC - 1
210 50.60

50.40
200

FREQ IN HZ ----->
50.20
190
MW ----->

50.00

180 49.80

49.60
170
FREQ RISE FROM 49.91 49.40
160 HZ TO 49.50 HZ i.e. ~
49.20
0.41HZ
150 49.00

16:35
13:35

14:35

15:35

17:35
TIME IN HH:MM ----->
 FREE GOVERNOR MODE OF OPERATION ON 26-JAN-05
GENERATION vs FREQUENCY FOR
NTPC - 4
550
50.40
540

FREQ IN HZ ----->
530 50.20
520
50.00
MW ----->

510
49.80
500
490 49.60
480
FREQ RISE FROM 49.91 49.40
470
HZ TO 49.50 HZ i.e. ~ 49.20
460 0.41HZ
450 49.00

16:35
13:35

14:35

15:35

17:35
TIME IN HH:MM ----->
 FREE GOVERNOR MODE OF OPERATION ON 26-JAN-05
GENERATION vs FREQUENCY FOR
NTPC - 5
520 50.60

50.40

FREQ IN HZ ----->
500
50.20
480
MW ----->

50.00

460 49.80

49.60
440
FREQ RISE FROM 49.91 49.40
420 HZ TO 49.50 HZ i.e. ~ 49.20
0.41HZ
400 49.00
13:35

14:35

15:35

16:35

17:35
TIME IN HH:MM ----->
 FREE GOVERNOR MODE OF OPERATION ON 26-JAN-05
GENERATION vs FREQUENCY FOR
NLY II - 1
200
50.40
195

FREQ IN HZ ----->
190 50.20
185
50.00
MW ----->

180
49.80
175
170 49.60
165
FREQ RISE FROM 49.91 49.40
160
HZ TO 49.50 HZ i.e. ~ 49.20
155
0.41HZ
150 49.00
13:35

14:35

15:35

16:35

17:35
TIME IN HH:MM ----->
 FREE GOVERNOR MODE OF OPERATION ON 26-JAN-05
GENERATION vs FREQUENCY FOR
NLY TPS 1 (Exp) 2
200
50.40
195

FREQ IN HZ ----->
50.20
190
MW ----->

50.00
185
49.80
180

175 49.60

170 49.40
FREQ RISE FROM 49.91
165 HZ TO 49.50 HZ i.e. ~ 49.20
0.41HZ
160 49.00
13:27

17:27
14:27

15:27

16:27
TIME IN HH:MM ----->
 FREE GOVERNOR MODE OF OPERATION ON 26-JAN-05
GENERATION vs FREQUENCY FOR
KAYAMKULAM 1
120
50.40

FREQ IN HZ ----->
110
50.20
MW ----->

100 50.00

49.80
90
49.60
80
49.40
70
49.20

60 49.00
14:27

15:27

16:27
13:27

17:27
TIME IN HH:MM -----> FREQ RISE FROM 49.91
HZ TO 49.50 HZ i.e. ~
0.41HZ
 FREE GOVERNOR MODE OF OPERATION ON 26-JAN-05
GENERATION vs FREQUENCY FOR
VTS 2
210
50.40

FREQ IN HZ ----->
200 50.20

50.00
MW ----->

190
49.80

180 49.60

FREQ RISE FROM 49.91 49.40

170 HZ TO 49.50 HZ i.e. ~
49.20
0.41HZ
160 49.00
13:27

14:27

15:27

16:27

17:27
TIME IN HH:MM ----->
 FREE GOVERNOR MODE OF OPERATION ON 26-JAN-05
GENERATION vs FREQUENCY FOR
IDDUKKI 2
120 50.20

100 50.00

FREQ IN HZ ----->
80 49.80
MW ----->

60 49.60

40 49.40
FREQ RISE FROM 49.91
20 49.20
HZ TO 49.50 HZ i.e. ~
0.41HZ
0 49.00
13:25

14:25

15:25

16:25

17:25
TIME IN HH:MM ----->
 FREE GOVERNOR MODE OF OPERATION ON 26-JAN-05
GENERATION vs FREQUENCY FOR
TTPS 1
230 50.20

220 50.00

FREQ IN HZ ----->
210 49.80
MW ----->

200 49.60

190 49.40
FREQ RISE FROM 49.91
180 HZ TO 49.50 HZ i.e. ~ 49.20
0.41HZ
170 49.00
13:25

14:25

15:25

16:25

17:25
TIME IN HH:MM ----->
 FREE GOVERNOR MODE OF OPERATION ON 26-JAN-05
GENERATION vs FREQUENCY FOR
MTPS 2
230 50.20

220 50.00

FREQ IN HZ ----->
210 49.80
MW ----->

200 49.60

190 49.40
FREQ RISE FROM 49.91
180 HZ TO 49.50 HZ i.e. ~ 49.20
0.41HZ
170 49.00
13:25

14:25

15:25

16:25

17:25
TIME IN HH:MM ----->
 ANALYSIS OF

FREE GOVERNOR MODE OF

OPERATION

LOAD CHANGE OVER AT

18:00HRS

ON 05-FEB-05
 FREE GOVERNOR MODE OF OPERATION ON 05-FEB-05
GENERATION vs FREQUENCY FOR
NTPC - 1
220 50.80
50.60

FREQ IN HZ ----->
50.40
210
50.20
MW ----->

50.00
200
49.80

49.60
190 FREQ RISE FROM 49.80 49.40
HZ TO 50.74 HZ i.e. ~
49.20
0.94HZ
180 49.00
17:01

19:01
16:01

18:01

20:01
TIME IN HH:MM ----->
 FREE GOVERNOR MODE OF OPERATION ON 05-FEB-05
GENERATION vs FREQUENCY FOR
NTPC - 2
210 50.80
50.60

FREQ IN HZ ----->
200 50.40
50.20
MW ----->

50.00
190
49.80
49.60
180 FREQ RISE FROM 49.80 49.40
HZ TO 50.74 HZ i.e. ~
49.20
0.94HZ
170 49.00
16:01

17:01

18:01

19:01

20:01
TIME IN HH:MM ----->
 FREE GOVERNOR MODE OF OPERATION ON 05-FEB-05
GENERATION vs FREQUENCY FOR
NTPC - 3
200 50.80
50.60

FREQ IN HZ ----->
50.40
MW ----->

190 50.20
50.00
49.80
180 49.60
FREQ RISE FROM 49.80 49.40
HZ TO 50.74 HZ i.e. ~ 49.20
0.94HZ
170 49.00
16:01

17:01

19:01

20:01
18:01

TIME IN HH:MM ----->

 FREE GOVERNOR MODE OF OPERATION ON 05-FEB-05
GENERATION vs FREQUENCY FOR
NTPC - 4
550 50.80
530 50.60

FREQ IN HZ ----->
510 50.40
490
MW ----->

50.20
470
50.00
450
49.80
430
49.60
410
390 FREQ RISE FROM 49.80 49.40
370 HZ TO 50.74 HZ i.e. ~ 49.20
350 0.94HZ 49.00

19:01
16:01

17:01

18:01

20:01
TIME IN HH:MM ----->
 FREE GOVERNOR MODE OF OPERATION ON 05-FEB-05
GENERATION vs FREQUENCY FOR
NTPC - 5
530 50.80
510 50.60

FREQ IN HZ ----->
490 50.40
MW ----->

470 50.20
450 50.00
430 49.80
410 49.60
390 FREQ RISE FROM 49.80 49.40
370 HZ TO 50.74 HZ i.e. ~ 49.20
350 0.94HZ 49.00

19:01

20:01
16:01

17:01

18:01

TIME IN HH:MM ----->

 FREE GOVERNOR MODE OF OPERATION ON 05-FEB-05
GENERATION vs FREQUENCY FOR
NTPC - 6

550 50.80

FREQ IN HZ ----->
530 50.60
510 50.40
490
MW ----->

50.20
470
50.00
450
49.80
430
49.60
410
390 FREQ RISE FROM 49.80 49.40
370 HZ TO 50.74 HZ i.e. ~ 49.20
350 0.94HZ 49.00
16:01

17:01

18:01

19:01

20:01
TIME IN HH:MM ----->
 FREE GOVERNOR MODE OF OPERATION ON 05-FEB-05
GENERATION vs FREQUENCY FOR
NLY II 1

200 50.80

FREQ IN HZ ----->
50.60
190 50.40
MW ----->

50.20
180
50.00
49.80
170
49.60
49.40
160 FREQ RISE FROM 49.80
49.20
HZ TO 50.74 HZ i.e. ~
150 0.94HZ 49.00
17:01

18:01

20:01
16:01

19:01
TIME IN HH:MM ----->
 FREE GOVERNOR MODE OF OPERATION ON 05-FEB-05
GENERATION vs FREQUENCY FOR
NLY II 2

200 50.80

FREQ IN HZ ----->
50.60
190 50.40
MW ----->

50.20
180
50.00
49.80
170
49.60
160 49.40
49.20
150 49.00
16:01

17:01

18:01

19:01

20:01
TIME IN HH:MM ----->
FREQ RISE FROM 49.80
HZ TO 50.74 HZ i.e. ~
0.94HZ
 FREE GOVERNOR MODE OF OPERATION ON 05-FEB-05
GENERATION vs FREQUENCY FOR
NLY II 3

180 50.80

FREQ IN HZ ----->
50.60
170 50.40
MW ----->

50.20
160
50.00
49.80
150
49.60
140 49.40
49.20
130 49.00
17:01
16:01

18:01

19:01

20:01
TIME IN HH:MM ----->
FREQ RISE FROM 49.80
HZ TO 50.74 HZ i.e. ~
0.94HZ
 FREE GOVERNOR MODE OF OPERATION ON 05-FEB-05
GENERATION vs FREQUENCY FOR
NLY II 4
190 50.80

FREQ IN HZ ----->
50.60
180 50.40
MW ----->

50.20
50.00
170
49.80
49.60
160 49.40
49.20
150 49.00
18:01

19:01

20:01
16:01

17:01

TIME IN HH:MM ----->

FREQ RISE FROM 49.80
HZ TO 50.74 HZ i.e. ~
0.94HZ
 FREE GOVERNOR MODE OF OPERATION ON 05-FEB-05
GENERATION vs FREQUENCY FOR
NLY II 5
200 50.80

FREQ IN HZ ----->
50.60
190 50.40
MW ----->

50.20
180
50.00
49.80
170
49.60
160 49.40
49.20
150 49.00
16:01

17:01

18:01

20:01
19:01
TIME IN HH:MM ----->
FREQ RISE FROM 49.80
HZ TO 50.74 HZ i.e. ~
0.94HZ
 FREE GOVERNOR MODE OF OPERATION ON 05-FEB-05
GENERATION vs FREQUENCY FOR
NLY II 6
180 50.80

FREQ IN HZ ----->
50.60
50.40
MW ----->

170 50.20
50.00
49.80
160 49.60
49.40
49.20
150 49.00
16:01

17:01

18:01

20:01
19:01
TIME IN HH:MM ----->
FREQ RISE FROM 49.80
HZ TO 50.74 HZ i.e. ~
0.94HZ
 FREE GOVERNOR MODE OF OPERATION ON 05-FEB-05
GENERATION vs FREQUENCY FOR
NLY II 7
10 50.80

FREQ IN HZ ----->
50.60
50.40
MW ----->

50.20
50.00
49.80
49.60
49.40
49.20
0 49.00
16:01

17:01

18:01

19:01

20:01
TIME IN HH:MM -----> FREQ RISE FROM 49.80
HZ TO 50.74 HZ i.e. ~
0.94HZ
 FREE GOVERNOR MODE OF OPERATION ON 05-FEB-05
GENERATION vs FREQUENCY FOR
NLY TPS 1 (Exp) 1
190 50.80

FREQ IN HZ ----->
50.60
180 50.40
MW ----->

50.20
50.00
170
49.80
49.60
160 49.40
49.20
150 49.00
16:01

18:01

19:01

20:01
17:01

TIME IN HH:MM -----> FREQ RISE FROM 49.80

HZ TO 50.74 HZ i.e. ~
0.94HZ
 FREE GOVERNOR MODE OF OPERATION ON 05-FEB-05
GENERATION vs FREQUENCY FOR
NLY TPS 1 (Exp) 2
190 50.80

FREQ IN HZ ----->
50.60
180 50.40
MW ----->

50.20
50.00
170
49.80
49.60
160 49.40
49.20
150 49.00
17:01

18:01

19:01

20:01
16:01

TIME IN HH:MM -----> FREQ RISE FROM 49.80

HZ TO 50.74 HZ i.e. ~
0.94HZ
 FREE GOVERNOR MODE OF OPERATION ON 05-FEB-05
GENERATION vs FREQUENCY FOR
RYTPS 1
250 50.80

50.60

FREQ IN HZ ----->
200 50.40

50.20
MW ----->

150
50.00

49.80
100
49.60

50 49.40

49.20

0 49.00
16:01

17:01

18:01

20:01
19:01
TIME IN HH:MM ----->
FREQ RISE FROM 49.80
HZ TO 50.74 HZ i.e. ~
0.94HZ
 FREE GOVERNOR MODE OF OPERATION ON 05-FEB-05
GENERATION vs FREQUENCY FOR
SHARAVATHI 1
70 50.80
50.60
60

FREQ IN HZ ----->
50.40
50
50.20
MW ----->

40 50.00

30 49.80

49.60
20
49.40
10
49.20
0 49.00
18:01

20:01
16:01

17:01

19:01
TIME IN HH:MM ----->
FREQ RISE FROM 49.80
HZ TO 50.74 HZ i.e. ~
0.94HZ
 FREE GOVERNOR MODE OF OPERATION ON 05-FEB-05
GENERATION vs FREQUENCY FOR
VARAHI 1
70 50.80
50.60
60

FREQ IN HZ ----->
50.40
50
50.20
MW ----->

40 50.00

30 49.80
49.60
20
49.40
10
49.20
0 49.00
16:01

18:01

19:01
17:01

20:01
TIME IN HH:MM -----> FREQ RISE FROM 49.80
HZ TO 50.74 HZ i.e. ~
0.94HZ
 FREE GOVERNOR MODE OF OPERATION ON 05-FEB-05
GENERATION vs FREQUENCY FOR
IDDUKKI 1
140 50.80
50.60
120

FREQ IN HZ ----->
50.40
100
50.20
MW ----->

80 50.00

60 49.80

49.60
40
49.40
20
49.20
0 49.00

20:01
16:01

17:01

18:01

19:01
TIME IN HH:MM ----->
FREQ RISE FROM 49.80
HZ TO 50.74 HZ i.e. ~
0.94HZ
 FREE GOVERNOR MODE OF OPERATION ON 05-FEB-05
GENERATION vs FREQUENCY FOR
SABRIGIRI 1
60 50.80
50.60

FREQ IN HZ ----->
50
50.40
40 50.20
MW ----->

50.00
30
49.80
20 49.60
49.40
10
49.20
0 49.00

20:01
16:01

17:01

18:01

19:01
TIME IN HH:MM ----->
FREQ RISE FROM 49.80
HZ TO 50.74 HZ i.e. ~
0.94HZ
 FREE GOVERNOR MODE OF OPERATION ON 05-FEB-05
GENERATION vs FREQUENCY FOR
NMTPS 1
230 50.80

50.60
220

FREQ IN HZ ----->
50.40

210 50.20
MW ----->

50.00
200
49.80

190 49.60

49.40
180
49.20

170 49.00
16:01

17:01

18:01

20:01
19:01
TIME IN HH:MM ----->
FREQ RISE FROM 49.80
HZ TO 50.74 HZ i.e. ~
0.94HZ
 FREE GOVERNOR MODE OF OPERATION ON 05-FEB-05
GENERATION vs FREQUENCY FOR
ETS 5
80 50.80

50.60

FREQ IN HZ ----->
50.40

70 50.20
MW ----->

50.00

49.80

60 49.60

49.40

49.20

50 49.00
16:01

17:01

18:01

19:01

20:01
TIME IN HH:MM ----->
FREQ RISE FROM 49.80
HZ TO 50.74 HZ i.e. ~
0.94HZ