MODULE 2: NCR

(NATIONAL CAPITAL REGION)

 INTRODUCTION
• The National Capital Region (NCR), also known as Metropolitan
Manila, is the capital region of the Philippines. It is located in the
southwestern portion of Luzon, directly below Central Luzon. Lying
along the flat alluvial and deltaic plains draining the Pasig River and
Laguna de Bay, its territory extends eastward and up the rolling hills of
Marikina Valley and stops short at the low-lying edges of Rizal province.
It is bounded by the fertile plains of Central Luzon in the North, the
sweeping Sierra Madre Mountains in the East, and Laguna de Bay in the
South. Manila Bay, on the other hand, spreads out perfectly on the West,
providing a great canvass for the famed sunsets of Manila.
 CULTURAL BACKGROUND

• The home of the Philippine Cultural Center, National Museum and

National Library.
• Carvings, paintings, and archives
• The Famous Fort Santiago and Rizal Park
• Roman Catholicism
HISTORICAL BACKGROUND
• Muslim Settlement in the late 16th century which was colonized by the
Spaniards.
• The centre of anti-Spanish sentiment
• The Foundation of the University of the Philippines in 1908
• The Capital of the newly independent republic of the Philippines and
National Government.
LITERACY BACKGROUND

• Oral Tagalog Literature

• First Printing Press in the Philippines
• The Translation of the Bible into Tagalog
NOTABLE WRITERS AND AWARD
(NATIONAL CAPITAL REGION)
SEVERINO REYES
• A Filipino writer, dramatist, and playwright, highly acclaimed as
one of the giants of Tagalog literature of the early 20th century. To
many people, Reyes was "Lola Basyang" from the popular
Liwayway series he created entitled Mga Kuwento ni Lola
Basyang.  
• Treated as the “Father of Sarsuwela/Ama ng Dulang Tagalog”.
He wrote 26 zarzuelas and 22 dramas in his career. He was
nicknamed "Don Binoy".
 ANDRES BONIFACIO
• Born on November 30, 1863, Andrés Bonifacio is considered by
many to be a national hero of the Philippines. He started the
Philippine Revolution, which resulted in the independence of
the Philippines from Spanish colonialism.
POEMS:
Pag-ibig sa Tinubuang Lupa
Huling Paalam ni Dr. Jose Rizal (Salin ng Mi ultimo Adios ni Gat
Andres Bonifacio)
 EMILIO JACINTO
• Emilio joined the Katipunan secret society at twenty years of age. He
was known in the Katipunan as Pingkian and was referred to as the
“Brains of the Katipunan” because of the many documents that he
had prepared which included the constitution. Emilio wrote for the
newspaper called Kalayaan under the pen-name Dimasilaw; he wrote
poetry, manifestos, statutes and most of the articles and editorials of
the newspaper.
He wrote the following:
A La Patria – his poetical masterpiece.
Kartilya ng Katipunan – contains the teachings of the KKK.
 NOTABLE WRITERS AND AWARD

• Liwayway A. Arceo - A multi-awarded Tagalog fictionist, journalist, radio

scriptwriter and editor.
Works: Canal de la Reina (1973) and Titser (1995)
Banyaga (Palanca Award,1962)
Uhaw ang Tigang na Lupa (Palanca Memorial Award for Literature)
• Amado V. Hernandez - poet, playwright, and novelist, is among the Filipino
writers who practiced “committed art”.
Works: Mga Ibong Mandaragit
NOTABLE WRITERS AND AWARD

• Faustino Aguilar - He is a Filipino novelist, journalist, and a revolutionist He

was born in Malate, Manila – February 15, 1882. He was the editor of the
Taliba, a newspaper in the Philippines.
Works: Busabos ng Palad (Pauper of Fate) in 1909
Sa Ngalan ng Diyos (In the Name of God) in 1911
Ang Patawad ng Patay (The Pardon of the Dead) in 1951,
Ang Kaligtasan (The Salvation) in 1951
 GREAT LITERACY
WORKS
(NATIONAL CAPITAL REGION)
Awiting Bayan
• Bahay Kubo
• The most popular folk song in NCR and even all over the Philippines that has been
passed down through generations. And until now it is being enjoyed by the children
• Leron Leron Sinta
• A popular Filipino folk song from the Tagalog region specifically from the NCR. It is
traditionally a work song that represent those who work in the fields harvesting fruits

Maikling Kwento
• Banyaga by Liwayway A. Arceo
Tula
• Pag-ibig sa Tinubuang Lupa by Andres Bonifacio
• Sa Anak Ng Bayan by Emilio Jacinto
• Isang Dipang Langit by Amado V. Hernandez
Kwentong Bayan
• Ang Unang Lalaki at Ang Unang Babae
Sanaysay
• Ang Ningnig at Ang Liwanag
Folk Dance
• Valse
ASSIGNED LITERARY PIECES
AND INTERPRETATION
(NATIONAL CAPITAL REGION)
 THE TRANSFER
BY: BIENVENIDO N. SANTOS

At the meeting, of the local Catholic Action committee held in Sunday morning at the bishop’s palace
after the high mass, Mr. Conrado Arabia mentioned casually the need or practical retirement system for
the church. They also met to discuss about the final details on welcoming for the 1st bishop of the diocese
who will be residing in the town. Mr. Arabia suggested the need for retirement system for the priest
especially for the Fr. Simplicio Ruivivar because of his old age that had been parish priest nearly half
century. He refused to acknowledge what was obvious. Fr. Ruivivar happened to stop the course of the
mass, he just can’t go on and only stand up there no matter how long. It is the Catholic Action Committee
handed an amount to Fr. Ruivivar to buy the much needed pews of the ruined church. They suggested that
a local furniture maker will do the job, but the old priest had his own plan and ordered the pews from an
out of town carpenter. The committee saw the pews huge, oversized that are like for giants. When the day
came, they gave magnificent welcome for the Bishop. The papal nuncio let the visiting church dignitaries
by himself. Even Mr. Arabia he remembered what had been discussed at the meeting. The parishioners
learned to love human ways of the Bishop.
 THE TRANSFER
BY: BIENVENIDO N. SANTOS

His simplicity, understanding, wonderful to listeners and got things done. After a year, no one had come to
him about Fr. Ruivivar. The church had been rebuilt and developed. But still the parish priest is there. Fr.
Ruivivar seemed eager they were caustic, often violent. He read lengthy pastoral letters, scolds his
parishioners openly, single out women who wore short sleeved dresses and low necklines, and the “devil
hairdo” teenager has. Mr. Arabia found himself avoiding the masses of the priest because of the situation. Mr.
Arabia went to the bishop’s office to hand letter about the replacement of their parish priest. But the strength
to give the letter until Fr. Ruivivar came. The Bishop said to the priest that he will be sending in Malabo a
beautiful to stay. After the conversation the old man had a frozen expression. He stayed for a while in front of
the alter, after that he went in the room with Mr. Arabia “Goodnight”, Mr. Arabia said he went to the door to
leave, but before that the old man raises his head and asked Mr. Arabia “Is it the end of the month? I’m going
alone? So, I’m not going along. You’re young. Look at your hands.” Mr. Arabia moved to meet him, cried and
hugged him. Suddenly he wasn’t aware of the bloated body and an old smell that came to Him, staining him
forever before his time, likes that of age, like his own father’s when he lay dying on his arms.
INTERPRETATION OF THE TRANSFER

At the start of the story, Mr. Arabia only saw Father Ruivivar as a problem of the parish.
The townsfolk, headed by Mr. Arabia, suggest that the priest be transferred to another town,
thinking that it is for everyone’s good but failing to realize that this would hurt someone’s
feelings. After witnessing the incident that took place at the Bishop’s Palace, however, Mr.
Arabia realizes that he has neglected a lot of things about the old parish priest. Now, he sees
who Father Ruivivar truly is – an old man who feels abandoned and uncertain about his
future because of the transfer. The story is centered on Mr. Arabia’s development as a
character. In the end, he realizes that elders should be regarded with respect. It can be said
that the story talks about being sensitive to others’ feelings.
 THE FLOWERS OF MAY
BY: FRANCISCO ARCELLANA

• The narrator thinks of his sister Victoria who died in May. The narrator speaks of the
great depth of pain of his father and his mother's futile attempt to comfort his father over
the loss of their beloved daughter. In the end they realized and learned to accept that their
daughter is dead and they unfortunately find out that even if you treasure a life dearly it
can still be taken away from you.
 INTERPRETATION

THE FLOWERS OF MAY

By: Francisco Arcellana
THANK YOU!!!