IN-BAND COMMUNICATION

-Vaibhav Sonewane
POTP - FPGA
 IN-BAND COMMUNICATION

• Optical networks rely on in-band communication channels for a variety of

Operations, Administration, Maintenance, and Provisioning (OAM & P) functions
as well as for control plane signaling and the like.
• It includes the Data Communication Channel (DCC) in SONET/SDH and the
General Communication Channel (GCC) in OTN.
• Higher GCC data rate in OTN allowed the addition of control plane signaling with
the OAM & P data.
• The in-band communication channel can be at least an order of magnitude greater
in capacity than each of the in-band communication channels of the one or more
client signals.
DCC
 DCC

• A DCC is used to transmit OAM information between NEs.

• SONET or SDH frame provides data communications channel (DCC) bytes for
network element operations such as administration, maintenance, and
provisioning.
• DCC has a constant data rate on the order of 1 Mb/s and doesn’t depend upon the
line rate.
• Each SONET or SDH frame includes two DCCs:
Section DCC (SDCC or RS-DCC)
Line DCC (LDCC or MS-DCC).
 DCC

• The section and line DCCs are used for transporting management messages
between Network Elements (NEs) and between NEs and Network Management
System (NMS).
• Each SONET or SDH frame uses these DCC bytes in overhead of the frame to
carry management information for SONET or SDH networks, or Add or Drop
multiplexers (ADMs).
• These DCC bytes traverse through hop-by-hop between ADMs and perform a
path discovery and end-to-end provisioning in SONET or SDH network.
 SECTION DCC

• Supports 3 bytes, D1, D2, and D3 responsible for message-based

administration, monitoring, alarm maintenance, and other communication
requirements.
• The section DCC provides a bandwidth of 192 Kbit/s between each pair of
SONET section termination equipment.
• Any SONET equipment that can extract these 3 bytes from the STS-1 frame
overhead and process them is considered to support a DCC interface.
 LINE DCC

• Supports D4 to D12 bytes

• Provides bandwidth of 576 Kbit/s
GCC
 GCC

• The general communication channel (GCC) was defined by G.709 is an in-

band side channel used to carry transmission management and signaling
information within optical transport network elements.
• A GCC is also used to transmit OAM information between NEs.
• The OTN supports three general communication channels (GCCs)
GCC0
GCC1
GCC2
 GCC0

• GCC0 bytes located in row 1, columns 11 and 12 of the OTUk overhead.

 GCC0

• The OTUk general communication channel 0 (GCC0) shall operate as a single

message channel between OTUk termination points.
• The bit rate of the GCC0 depends on the rate of the OTUk.
• For an OTU1, the GCC0 channel shall operate at 326.723 kbit/s.
• For an OTU2, the GCC0 channel shall operate at 1312.405 kbit/s.
• For an OTU3, the GCC0 channel shall operate at 5271.864 kbit/s.
 GCC1

• GCC1 bytes located in row 4, columns 1 and 2 of the ODUk overhead.

 GCC1

• The ODUk GCC1 shall operate as a single message channel between any two
network elements with access to the ODUk frame structure.
• For an ODU1, the GCC1 channel shall operate at 326.723 kbit/s.
• For an ODU2, the GCC1 channel shall operate at 1312.405 kbit/s.
• For an ODU3, the GCC1 channel shall operate at 5271.864 kbit/s.
 GCC2

• The ODUk GCC2 shall operate as a single message channel between any two
network elements with access to the ODUk frame structure using the ODU
overhead bytes located in row 4, columns 3 and 4 of the ODUk overhead.
• For an ODU2, the GCC2 channel shall operate at 326.723 kbit/s.
• For an ODU2, the GCC2 channel shall operate at 1312.405 kbit/s.
• For an ODU3, the GCC2 channel shall operate at 5271.864 kbit/s.
MANAGEMENT VLAN
 MANAGEMENT VLAN

• To manage an Ethernet switch remotely through Telnet or the built-in Web

server, the switch need to be assigned an IP address, and make sure that a route
exists between the user and the switch.
• As for an H3C series Layer 2 Ethernet switch, only the management VLAN
interface can be assigned an IP address.
• A management VLAN is the VLAN that is used to remotely manage, control,
and monitor the devices in your network using Telnet, SSH, SNMP, syslog etc.
• By default, this is VLAN 1.
• A good security practice is to separate management and user data traffic.
 MANAGEMENT VLAN

• Therefore, it is recommended that when you configure VLANs, you use VLAN
1 for management purposes only.
• To communicate remotely with a switch for management purposes, the switch
must have an IP address configured on the management VLAN.
• Users in other VLANs would not be able to establish remote access sessions to
the switch unless they were routed into the management VLAN, providing an
additional layer of security.
• Also, the switch should be configured to accept only encrypted SSH sessions
for remote management.