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UKAI 2063 Accounting Information Systems II
UKAI 2063 Accounting Information Systems II
Accounting
Information Systems II
Lecture 3
Systems Planning
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Lecture 3 Outline
Introduction to project management
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Introduction to project
management
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Generally, work can be categorized as either
projects or operations.
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Projects or operations, they share many of the
following characteristics:
■Performed by people.
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Project – a definition
A project is a temporary endeavor undertaken to create a
unique product, service, or result (PMI’s PMBOK, 2004).
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In managing a project, we are:
■Identifying requirements.
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Some project examples – big or small
■Designing and constructing a building.
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Project management – a definition
Project management is the application of knowledge, skills,
tools and techniques to project activities to meet project
requirements. Project management is accomplished through the
application and integration of the project management
processes of initiating, planning, executing,
monitoring and controlling, and closing. The project
manager is the person responsible for accomplishing the
project objectives.
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Project management associations
■Association of Project Management (UK)
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Project Management Body of
Knowledge (PMBOK)
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Project Management Body of Knowledge
(PMBOK)
■The Project Management Institute (PMI) creates the Guide to
the Project Management Body of Knowledge (PMBOK) as a
framework and starting point for understanding project
management.
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Successful project
management: scope, time,
cost and quality
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Four core elements to meet deliverable objectives
■Scope
■Time
■Cost
■Quality
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Scope Management
The processes required to ensure that the project includes all
the work required, and only the work required, to complete
the project successfully. Project scope management is
primarily concerned with defining and controlling what is
and is not included in the project.
Time Management
The processes required to accomplish timely
completion of the project.
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Cost Management
The processes involved in planning, estimating,
budgeting, and controlling costs so that the project can be
completed within the approved budget.
Quality Management
The activities of the performing organization that determine
quality policies, objectives, and responsibilities so that the
project will satisfy the needs for which it was undertaken.
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Project life cycle
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Why project life cycle exists?
Because projects are unique and involve a certain degree of
risk, companies performing projects will generally subdivide
their projects into several project phases to provide better
management control. Collectively these project phases are
called the project life cycle.
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Project life cycles generally define:
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Common characteristics - project life cycles
Phases are generally sequential and are usually defined by
some form of technical information transfer or technical
component handoff.
Cost and staffing levels are low at the start, peak during
the intermediate phases, and drop rapidly as the project draws to
a conclusion.
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The level of uncertainty is highest and, hence, risk of failing
to achieve the objectives is greatest at the start of the project. The
certainty of completion generally gets progressively better as the
project continues.
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Acknowledgements
This PowerPoint presentation contains
materials complied from various sources.
Credits are hereby given to their respective
owners. Please refer to the reading list for
details.
Reminder
The lecture slides serve only as a quick
learning guide. Students are required to refer
to the main textbook for detailed elaboration.
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