THE THEORIES ON THE

ORIGIN OF THE UNIVERSE

Mr. Christopher Leonen
SUBJECT TEACHER
 *SUPPOSE YOU MEET AN ALIEN AND ASKS
YOU TO DESCRIBE EARTH, YOUR HOME. HOW
WILL YOU DESCRIBE EARTH?

*Suppose the alien further asks the origin and

history of your home and where it came
from, can you confidently answer the
question?

*Think about it..

*WHAT IS YOUR IDEA ABOUT THE BEGINNING
OF THE UNIVERSE?

ORIGIN OF THE UNIVERSE

Cosmology - is the study of
the universe, includingits
properties, structure and
evolution.
 UNIVERS
* derived from the E
Old French word
univers, which in turn derives from the
Latin word universum
* is all of space and time (spacetime) and its
contents, which
includes planets, moons, minor
planets, stars, galaxies, the contents
of intergalactic space and all
matter and energy.
* sometime called cosmos
Genesis
 RIGVEDA
Oscillating universe

“cosmic egg” or Brahmanda

containing the whole universe
expanded out of a single
concentrated point called
Bindu, and will eventually
collapse again.
ANAXAGORAS
According to Anaxagoras, the agent
responsible for the rotation and separation
of the primordial mixture is Mind or nous:
“And when Mind began to cause motion,
separating off proceeded to occur from all
that was moved, and all that Mind moved
was separated apart, and as things were
being moved and separated apart, the
rotation caused much more separating
apart to occur”

primordial universe
“nous” or mind controlled the universe
LEUCIPPUS & DEMOCRITUS
Atomic Universe

The universe was composed of
very small, indivisible and
indestructible building blocks
known as atoms. 

“Nothing exists except atoms and empty space.”

 ARISTOTLE & PTOLEMY

proposed a geocentric universe

The earth is at the center of the solar system.
 NICOLAUS COPERNICUS
Theory of Heliocentrism

The sun is the center of the solar system.

 GIORDANO BRUNO

“Solar System is not in the center of the

universe.”
 SIR ISAAC NEWTON

static, steady-state, infinite universe

 RENÉ DESCARTES

system of huge swirling whirlpools of

fine matter
ALBERT EINSTEIN

General Relativity
MODERN THEORIES ON THE
ORIGIN OF THE UNIVERSE
BIG BANG THEORY

All the matter in the

universe was
concentrated into a
single incredibly tiny
point.
 Galaxies moving away

1
The redshift of distant galaxies means that the Universe is probably 
expanding. If we then go back far enough in time, everything must have
been squashed together into a tiny dot. The rapid eruption from this
tiny dot was the Big Bang.

EVIDENCES FOR THE BIG BANG THEORY

 2
Presence of Cosmic Microwave Background
The CMB represents the heat left over from the Big Bang.

EVIDENCES FOR THE BIG BANG THEORY

3
Abundance of light elements
As the Universe expanded and cooled down,
some of the elements that we see today
were created.
 STEADY STATE THEORY
1948
FRED HOYLE
STEADY STATE THEORY

The universe expanded but did not change its

density
 BOTH BELIEVE
IN AN
EXPANDING
UNIVERSE

S I M I LA R I T Y
 1 • Radio Telescope Observation

2 • Discovery of Quasars

3 • Cosmic Microwave Background

EVIDENCES OF REJECTING THE THEORY

OSCILLATING UNIVERSE

is a cosmological model that combines both the Big

Bang and the Big Crunch as part of a cyclical event
 INFLATIONARY UNIVERSE

Alan Guth proposed a

solution to the flaws in Big
Bang Theory in 1979.
 CYCLIC MODEL
Paul Steinhardt and Neil Turok (2002)
involves inflationary universe expanding and
contracting in cycles.
 MULTIVERSE
Andrei Linde
This theory sees the
universe as just one of
many “bubbles” that grew
as a part of a multiverse.
 Basically, there are two
views of the Origin of the
Universe.
1 Books of Genesis

2
Modern
“Scientism”