In The Name Of ALLAH, The Most

Beneficent, The Most Merciful

  Fingerprint Image
Enhancement using DFB and
Diffusion Filters
Fingerprint Image Enhancement using DFB and
Diffusion Filters


A MS Thesis


 Supervised
 by
  
 Dr. Shoab A. Khan
 Department Of Electrical Engineering
 CASE Islamabad

Fin g e rp rin t Im a g e E n h a n ce m e n t u sin g D FB a n d
D iffu sio n Filte rs


Presented By


 Tariq Mahmood Khan

 F-09-014


WHAT IS FINGERPRINT….???
 Ø A fingerprint in its narrow sense is an impression
left by the friction ridges of a human finger.
[wikipedia.com]


 OR


Ø The impression of a fingertip on any

surface[merriam- Webster]
 OR


Ø An ink impression of the lines upon the fingertip

taken for the purpose of
identification[wordiq.com]
Ø
 WHY IT IS HIGHLY
RECOMMENDED...???
 Fingerprint-based systems continue to be the leading
biometric technology in terms of market share


[Handbook of
fingerprint
recognition
by Davide
Maltoni 2nd
edition]
Analysis
Biometric Univ Distin Perman Collect Perfor Accept Circum
identifier ersal ctiven ence ability mance ability vention
ity ess

Face H L M H L H H
Fingerprint M H H M H M M
sHand M M M H M L M
geometry
Hand/finge M M M M M M L
r vein
Iris H H H M H L L
Signature L L L H L H H
Voice M L L M L H H

[Handbook of fingerprint recognition by

Davide Maltoni 2nd edition]
APPLICATIONS
Forensic Government(Civil) Commercial
Corpse Social Security Computer Network
Identification Welfare Logon
Criminal Disbursement Electronic Data
Investigation Border Control Security
Missing Children Passport Control e-Commerce
National ID card Internet Access
Driver License ATM, Credit Card
Credentialing Physical Access
Control
Cellular Phones
Personal Digital
Assistant
Medical Records
Management
[Handbook of fingerprint recognition by
2nd edition
Davide MaltoniDistance Learning
]
APPLICATIONS

[Handbook of fingerprint recognition by

Davide Maltoni 2nd edition]
IDENTIFAICATION FEATURES IN
FINGERPRINTS
RIDGES AND VALLEYS
RIDGES AND VALLEYS
FINGERPRINT CLASSIFICATION
GLOBAL FEATURES … LEVEL 1
GLOBAL FEATURES : LEVEL 1 DETAIL
LEVEL 2 DETAIL : LOCAL FEATURES
RIDGE TERMINATION AND
BIFURCATION
REAL - TIME FINGERPRINTS IMAGES
 CUTS & BRUISES :


Ø Include scratches
Ø Ridge breaks
REAL - TIME FINGERPRINTS IMAGES
Incomplete
Samples


ØWell defined
sample(a)
Ø
ØDefected but
recoverable
sample(b)
Ø
ØNoise dominant
REAL - TIME FINGERPRINTS IMAGES
 SWEATING


ØThe white dots

which are present
on the surface of
ridges(black lines)
Ø

REAL - TIME FINGERPRINTS IMAGES

NOISES & LACK OF

SMOOTHING OF INK

ØW h e re , b la ck
sp o ts in
irre g u la r
m a n n e r,
re p re se n ts
p o in t d u e to
la ck of
sm o o th in g of
in k ....
 PROBLEM SOLUTION

SOLUTIONS

DFB FILTERING TECHNIQUES STFT DIFFUSION

SEGMENTATION NOT SELECTED SEGMENTATION

REMOVING NOISE
REMOVING NOISE
ORIENTATION MAP

DIRECTIONAL DECOMPOSITON DIFFUSION

ENHANCEMENT
NOISE REMOVAL

COMPARISON
ENHANCEMENT

CONCLUSION
 SEGMENTATION
ØWe use the variance to separate the
background from the image pattern.

Ø
ØUsing window size, threshold, and image as
parameters we compute the variance of an
image.

Ø
 Samples

(a)
(b) (c)

(d) (e) (f)

ØFigure a,b,c are the original images.
ØFigure d,e,f are the results of segmentation.
 (g) (h) (i)

(j) (k) (l)

ØFigure g,h,i are the original images.

ØFigure j,k,l are the results of segmentation.
 Removing noise
ØUsing homomorphic Butterworth band pass filter
we’ve remove the noise from the given image.
 Samples

(d) (e) (f)

(d1) (e1) (f1)

ØFigure d,e,f are used as input images for the removing

noise step.
 (g) (h) (i)

(g1) (h1) (i1)

ØFigure g,h,i are used as input images for the removing
noise step.
ØFigure g1,h1,i1 are the results of removing noise
Orientation map
 ORIENTATION MAP PROCEDURE
ØFirst of all we applied Sobel mask on
image.
ØGaussian filter was applied with Gx
(change in x direction), Gy (change
in y direction), Gxy (change in both
direction)
ØThis variance and covariance over
window size using equations

 ØThen we’ve calculated average ridge
valley direction to make it
perpendicular to
Ø
Ø
Ø
ØThen we’ve calculated length of
orientation vector lines with the
difference of spacing to acquire values
then convert it to rectangular co-
ordinates from phase.

 Samples

(d1) (e1) (f1)

(d11) (e11) (f11)

ØFigure d1,e1,f1 are used as input images for the
orientation map
ØFigure d11,e11,f11 are the orientation maps
 (g1) (h1) (i1)

(g11) (h11) (i11)

ØFigure g1,h1,i1 are used as input images for the
orientation map
 REFERENCES
ØHandbook of fingerprint recognition by
Davide Maltoni
Ø
ØAn adaptive Algorithm for improved
Enhancement of Fingerprints by Prof.
Dr.Mohiny Hadhoud.(2006)
Ø
ØPores and Ridges: Fingerprint Matching
Using level 3 Feature by Anil Jain,Yi
Chen(2006)

ØWikipedia.com
Ø
Ø
 REFERENCES
ØFingerprint Identification Based on
RigdeLines and Graph Matching by
Honglei Wei, Zongying Ou (2006)
Ø
ØRotation Invariant Thinning Algorithm to
Detect Ridge Bifurication for Fingerprint
Identification by Pradeep M. Patil VIT,
Pune Shekar R. Suralkar SSBT’s COET,
Jalgaon

ØRidge Enhancement in Fingerprint Images

Using Oriented Diffusion by Robert
Hastings
Ø
 REFERENCES

Ø Systematic Methods for the

Computation of the Directional
Fields and Singular Points of
Fingerprints by Asker M.Bazen and
Sabih H.Gerez
Ø
ØWordIq.com
Ø
ØMerriam-Webster Dictionary
 ANY
QUESTIONS....