School of Computing Science and Engineering

Course Code: CSIO4700 Course Name: IoT for Industries

IoT Architecture

Faculty Name: Mr. C.Vairavel Program Name:

 Prerequisite/Recapitulations

• Basic knowledge about IoT

 Objectives

• TO Study about Architecture of IoT

IoT Architecture
 IoT Solution

• Characterized by many devices / things

• Will use some form of Gateway to establish a communication
• Information collection at backend server / cloud.
• Collected information will be seen through Web Client, Mobile Phone
Applications.
 IoT Domain / Areas
• Media
• Environmental Monitoring
• Identity & Tracking
• Farming
• Connected Car
• Energy Grid
• Logistics & Shipping
• Infrastructure Management
• Manufacturing
• Energy Management
• Medical and Healthcare
• Building and Home Automation
• Transportation
• Consumer Application.
 IoT Technologies
• Short Range Wireless
– Bluetooth Low Energy
– Near Field Communication
– RFID
– Thread
– WiFi, WiFi Direct. WiMAX
– Z-Wave, Zigbee
• Medium Range Wireless
– HaLow
– LTE, NB-IoT,
• Long Range Wireless
– LPWAN
– LoRA
– Very Small Aperture Terminal
– Cellular 2G, 3G, 4G Mobile Technologies
• Wired
– Serial Port, Ethernet, Firewire
– Power Line Communication
 IoT Protocols – Some popular

• MQTT – Message Queueing Telemetry Transport

• CoAP – Constrained Application Protocol
• XMPP – Extensible Messaging and Presence Protocol
• REST – Representation State Transfer
• SoAP – Simple Object Access Protocol
• Ethernet
• Node.js
• 6LowPAN, Zigbee
• HTTPS
• Bluetooth Low Energy Profiles
• IPv4 / IPv6, TCP, UDP
• WiFi
Open Standard - Model
IoT Device - Architecture
 IoT Device - Architecture

• Operating System
• –Many IoT Device run bare metal firmware
• – RTOS like mBed, freeRTOS
• Hardware Abstraction
• – Provides access to Hardware features
• – MCU, Flash, GPIO, Serial Interfaces and etc.
• Communication Support
• – Wired / Wireless protocols like Bluetooth, Z-Wave, Zigbee, Thread, CAN
Bus, MQTT, CoAP, etc.
• Remote Management
• – Upgrade firmware ( FOTA )
• – Monitor the device
 IoT Device - Architecture

• Operating System
• –Many IoT Device run bare metal firmware
• – RTOS like mBed, freeRTOS
• Hardware Abstraction
• – Provides access to Hardware features
• – MCU, Flash, GPIO, Serial Interfaces and etc.
• Communication Support
• – Wired / Wireless protocols like Bluetooth, Z-Wave, Zigbee, Thread, CAN
Bus, MQTT, CoAP, etc.
• Remote Management
• – Upgrade firmware ( FOTA )
• – Monitor the device
 IoT Gateway

• Bridges communication IoT Devices and Cloud

• Forwards the data from devices to cloud
• Highly effective in terms of performance and network utilization
• Pre processing of the information
• – Message filtering & Aggregation
• Provides Storage solution
• Act as single point of access for monitoring
• Gathers all the necessary metrics from the sensors
IoT Gateway - Architecture
 IoT Gateway - Architecture

• Operating System
• – General purpose OS like Linux
• Run Time Environment
• – Ability to run application code
• – Allow application to be dynamically updated
• Communication & Connectivity
• – Support different connectivity protocols
• – Ensures reliability, security of the communications
• Data Management & Messaging
• – Network latency, Offline mode, Real Time analytics
• – Forward device data in consistent manner
• Remote Management
• – Remotely configure, provision
• – Startup / Shutdown the gateways
 IoT Gateway – Need / No Need

• Need
– When IoT device uses non internet based technologies like Zigbee, Z-Wave,
BLE
• No Need
– If IoT device uses internet based technologies. But not all cases
– IoT Single / Separate Devices
– Devices which are not a static
 IoT Cloud

• Store and process the IoT data

• Capable to consume / process the data generated by
• devices, sensors, websites, application, smart phones.
• Provides user friendly interaction for person, without requiring technical
expertise or services.
• Contains application, infrastructure, service provider
• Web application UI
• Business logic layer with real time updates
• Device data, registry and management
IoT Cloud - Architecture
 IoT Cloud - Architecture

• Connectivity and Message Routing

• Device Management
• Device Registry
• Data Management
• Event Management
• Analytics and User Interface
• Application Enablement
 Interoperable Functionality

• Security
– Secure communication implementation
– Authentication, Encryption and Authorization Ontologies
– Format and description of device data
– Define ontologies and metadata across different domains.
• Development Tools and SDK
– Different Hardware Platform
– Software Platform with Drivers & Communication protocol stack
 References

1. Vijay Madisetti and Arshdeep Bahga, “Internet of Things (A Hands-on-

Approach)”, 1st Edition, VPT, 2014
2. Michahelles, “Architecting the Internet of Things”, ISBN 978-3- 642-19156-5 e-
ISBN 978-3-642-19157-2, Springer
3. Francis daCosta, “Rethinking the Internet of Things: A Scalable Approach to
Connecting Everything”, 1st Edition, Apress Publications, 2013
4. CunoPfister, Getting Started with the Internet of Things, O‟Reilly Media, 2011,
ISBN: 978-1-4493-9357-1.
5. https://nasscom.in/system/files/secure-pdf/IoT_in_India_report_05072016.pdf