IQ City Institute of Nursing Sciences proudly declares that all our

faculty members, students & staffs - vaccinated 100%

*
Prof. Mrs.R.Elavarasi, M.Sc (N), DCYP.,
Dept. of Community Health Nursing,
IQ City Institute of Nursing Sciences,
IQ City Medical College & Hospital Campus,
DATE:
09/01/2021
Durgapur, West Bengal
16.08.2021
 Thanks to the Management of OPR memorial
college of Paramedical Sciences, Respected
correspondent, Administrative officer & Principal
(Dr.S.Suganthra Devi)

09/01/2021
 *“I am Beautiful don’t cast an evil eye on me”
Myths & Facts about covid-19 vaccination

*“If you're looking for the bad things in life, then you will find
it. If you search for the good things then it is what you find.”
― Ann Marie Aguilar

09/01/2021
09/01/2021
 Introduction……
Government of India is taking all necessary steps to ensure
that we are prepared well to face the challenge and threat
posed by the growing pandemic of COVID-19.

With active support of the people of India, we have been

able to contain the spread of the Coronavirus in our country.

The most important factor in preventing the spread of this

virus locally is to empower the citizens with the right
information and taking precautions as per the advisories
being issued by Ministry of Health & Family Welfare.
 As For your information…..
• Globally, as of 12 August 2021, there have
been 204,644,849 confirmed cases of
COVID-19, including 4,323,139 deaths,
reported to WHO.

• As of 12 August 2021, a total

of 4,428,168,759 vaccine doses have been
administered.
Source:
https://www.who.int/emergencies/diseases/novel-
coronavirus-2019
In India vaccination status is……
• Source: Co-WIN Dashboard, National Commission on Population
• As on 5th August 2021
 State wise AEFI cases reporting rate
25 (per lakh doses)
0
22
5 National
average - 10
20
0

15
0

State/UTs above national

average-16
10
0 8 7 State/UTs below
national Rate – 21
1 9 7
1 5
8 5
5 2
3 3
0 6 5 2
8 1 1 1 1
1 1 1
8 7 6 6 5 9 9 9 8 8 6 6
3 1 5 5 4 4 4 4 3 3 3 3 2 2
4
0
4

*Provisional data as on 19
 State wise minor, severe/serious
100 c ases reported
%

90
%

80
%

70
%

60
%

50
%

40
%

30
%

20
% Minor Severe/Serious
*Provisional data as on 19 Jun 2021
Varieties of vaccines available for COVID-19?

• Yes there are now several vaccines that are in

use.
• The first mass vaccination programme started
in early December 2020.
• Almost 13 different vaccines have been
administered all around the world.
1. The Pfizer/BioNtech Comirnaty vaccine was listed for WHO Emergency Use Listing
(EUL) on 31 December 2020. ( German biotechnology company BioNTech.)

2. The SII/Covishield and AstraZeneca/AZD1222 vaccines (developed by

AstraZeneca/Oxford and manufactured by the State Institute of India and SK Bio
respectively) were given EUL on 16 February.

3. The Janssen/Ad26.COV 2.S developed by Johnson & Johnson, was listed for EUL on 12
March 2021.

4. The Moderna COVID-19 vaccine (mRNA 1273) was listed for EUL on 30 April 2021

5. The Sinopharm vaccine is produced by Beijing Bio-Institute of Biological Products Co

Ltd, subsidiary of China National Biotec Group (CNBG). was listed for EUL on 7 May
2021.

6. The Sinovac-CoronaVac was listed for EUL on 1 June 2021 (the Chinese company
Sinovac Biotech).
7. Novavax, American Biotechnology ,Maryland-US, applied for Emergency Use in US &
UK
 Vaccines Available in India
 Covaxin Vaccine (Bharat Biotech)
 Covishield Vaccine(University of Oxford
along with Serum Institute of India’s)
 Sputnik V vaccine(Gamaleya Research
Institute of Epidemiology and Microbiology in
Russia)
• THE FOUR MAIN TYPES OF COVID-19 VACCINE
• There are four categories of vaccines in clinical trials: 
• WHOLE VIRUS, 
• PROTEIN SUBUNIT,
•  VIRAL VECTOR and
•  NUCLEIC ACID (RNA AND DNA).
• Some of them try to smuggle the antigen into the body,
others use the body’s own cells to make the viral antigen.
 1. WHOLE VIRUS VACCINE

• Many conventional vaccines use whole viruses to

trigger an immune response. There are two main
approaches.
• Live attenuated vaccines use a weakened form of the
virus that can still replicate without causing illness.
Eg: Rota Virus
• Inactivated vaccines use viruses whose genetic
material has been destroyed so they cannot replicate,
but can still trigger an immune response. Eg:
Inactivated polio Vaccine
 2.PROTEIN SUBUNIT VACCINES

• Subunit vaccines use pieces of the pathogen -

often fragments of protein - to trigger an immune
response.
• Doing so minimizes the risk of side effects, but it
also means the immune response may be weaker.
• This is why they often require adjuvants, to help
boost the immune response. An example of an
existing subunit vaccine is the hepatitis B
vaccine.
 3. NUCLEIC ACID VACCINES

• Nucleic acid vaccines use genetic material – either

RNA or DNA – to provide cells with the instructions
to make the antigen.
• In the case of COVID-19, this is usually the viral
spike protein. Once this genetic material gets into
human cells, it uses our cells' protein factories to
make the antigen that will trigger an immune
response.
• The advantages of such vaccines are that they are
easy to make, and cheap.
 4. VIRAL VECTOR VACCINE

• Viral vector vaccines also work by giving cells

genetic instructions to produce antigens. But
they differ from nucleic acid vaccines in that
they use a harmless virus, different from the
one the vaccine is targeting, to deliver these
instructions into the cell.
• An example of a viral vector vaccine is the
ZEBOV
vaccine against Ebola.
• Covaxin-Indigenous Inactivated vaccine(developed
using whole-virion inactivated vero cell platform
technology)

• Covishield- (Viral Vector vaccine)It is a recombinant,

replication-deficient chimpanzee adenovirus vector
encoding the SARS_CoV-2 Spike(S) glycoprotien.

• Sputnik-V vaccine- It is an adenovirus viral vector

vaccine
 Differences……
Sputnik-V Covishield & Covaxin
Developed by Gameleya • Covishield is developed by
research institute of SII in association with
epidemiology in association Oxford University & Astra
with Dr.Reddy’s Lab Zeneca
• Covaxin is developed by
Bharat Biotech and ICMR

91.6% Effective Covishield-90%

Covaxin78-81%

Interval between 2 doses is Covishield: 12-16 weeks

likely to be 21 days Covaxin: 4-6 weeks
Vaccine protection and timing
 Myth: The COVID-19 vaccine is not safe
because it has not undergone adequate testing.

Fact:
• An external panel of experts convened by WHO, called the Strategic
Advisory Group of Experts on Immunization (SAGE), analyzes the
results from clinical trials, along with evidence on the disease, age
groups affected, risk factors for disease, programmatic use, and other
information. SAGE then recommends whether and how the vaccines
should be used.

• In order to receive an EUA, the vaccine manufacturers must follow

at least half the study participants for at least two months after
completing the vaccination series, and the vaccine must be proven
safe and effective in that population.
COVID-19 vaccines cause severe side effects.
• Most side effects of vaccines, including the COVID-
19 vaccines, are mild and temporary. After a vaccine
is administered and the body is building its defenses,
mild side effects are normal and expected. Common
side effects and reactions to vaccines include:
• Injection site reactions (pain, tenderness, redness,
swelling)
• Fever
• Chills
• Fatigue
• Muscle aches
• Headaches
 Myth: Can receiving a COVID-19 vaccine cause you to be
magnetic?

• Fact: No. Receiving a COVID-19 vaccine will

not make you magnetic, including at the site of
vaccination which is usually your arm.
COVID-19 vaccines do not contain ingredients
that can produce an electromagnetic field at
the site of your injection. All COVID-19
vaccines are free from metals.
 COVID-19 vaccines contain a microchip to
track the population.
• A conspiracy theory has been circulating that
Microsoft founder Bill Gates is involved in a
plan to implant microchips into COVID-19
vaccines to track the population with cell
towers using 5G technology. This myth began
after Gates made a comment about having
digital vaccine records.

• This is false, and no such technology exists to

gather personal information or track people
 Is it safe for me to get a COVID-19 vaccine if
I would like to have a baby one day?
• Yes. If a women want to get pregnant in
the future, also can get a COVID-19
vaccine.
• There is currently no evidence that
COVID-19 vaccination causes any
problems with pregnancy, including the
development of the placenta.
• In addition, there is no evidence that
female or male fertility problems are a
side effect of any vaccine, including
COVID-19 vaccines.
 …..
• Another myth circulating online is that
COVID-19 vaccines can cause infertility
and even miscarriage.

• This is based on claims that the spike

protein formed by receiving mRNA
vaccines blocks a protein needed for a
pregnancy to be viable.

• The protein that is needed for a placenta to

stay attached to the uterus is not the same
protein as the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein.
The antibodies produced by the mRNA
vaccines will not block the placental
 Will a COVID-19 vaccine alter my DNA?

• No. COVID-19 vaccines do not change

or interact with your DNA in any way.
Both mRNA and viral vector COVID-
19 vaccines deliver instructions (genetic
material) to our cells to start building
protection against the virus that causes
COVID-19.
• However, the material never enters the
nucleus of the cell, which is where our
DNA is kept.
 Will getting a COVID-19 vaccine cause me to
test positive for COVID-19 on a viral test?
• No. None of the authorized and
recommended COVID-19 vaccines cause
you to test positive on viral tests, which are
used to see if you have a current infection.​
• If your body develops an immune response
to vaccination, which is the goal, you may
test positive on some antibody tests.
• Antibody tests indicate you had a previous
infection and that you may have some level
of protection against the virus.
Adverse Events Following Immunization
(AEFI)
Vaccines against pneumonia, such as pneumococcal vaccine and Haemophilus
influenza type B (Hib) vaccine, and vaccines against influenza do not provide
protection against COVID-19.

Although these vaccines are not do not protect against COVID-19, the CDC and the
World Health Organization (WHO) recommend vaccination against these other
respiratory illnesses to protect your health.
Take Home message….