SUSTAINABILITY IN BUILDINGS-2 (Material Usage)

Hüseyin KARADADAŞ
PART 1 : “GREEN BUILDINGS AND
MATERIALS”
Green building - also known
as sustainable or high
performance building - is the
practice of:
Increasing the efficiency with
which buildings and their sites
use and harvest energy, water,
and materials.
Protecting and restoring human health and the
environment, throughout the building life-cycle:
siting, design, construction, operation,
maintenance, renovation and deconstruction.
Green Building Concept
The `Green Building' concept is
gaining importance in various
countries. These are buildings that
ensure that waste is minimized at
every stage during the
construction and operation of the
building, resulting in low costs,
according to experts in the
technology.
The techniques associated with the `Green Building'
include measures to prevent erosion of soil, rainwater
harvesting, preparation of landscapes to reduce heat,
reduction in usage of potable water, recycling of waste
water and use of world class energy efficient practices.
What makes a building "green"?
A green building is a
structure that is
environmentally responsible
and resource-efficient
throughout its life-cycle.
These objectives expand and
complement the classical
building design concerns of
economy, utility, durability,
and comfort.
Green buildings are designed to reduce the overall
impact of the built environment on human health and
the natural environment by:
Efficiently using energy, water, and other resources
Protecting occupant health and improving employee
productivity
Reducing waste, pollution and environment
degradation
How Homes Become Green
Benefits Of Green Building
Buildings have an
enormous impact on
the environment,
human health, and the
economy. The
successful adoption of
green building strategies
can maximize both the
economic and
environmental
performance of
buildings.
Environmental benefits

Enhance and protect

biodiversity and
ecosystems
Improve air and water
quality
Reduce waste streams
Conserve and restore
natural resources
Economic benefits

Reduce operating costs

Create, expand, and shape markets for green product
and services
Improve occupant productivity
Optimize life-cycle economic performance
Social benefits

Enhance occupant comfort and health

Heighten aesthetic qualities
Minimize strain on local infrastructure
Improve overall quality of life
Economic Requirements
OF SUSTAINABLE BUILDINGS
Manufacturing and price
 Costs and price should not be significantly higher/rather
cheaper than less sustainable substitutes
 Necessary actions: subsidies for the use of recycled or

renewable raw materials, increase in price for primary

resources
 environmental benefits: incentive for recycling
 Availability

 Strong impact on costs and construction time of a building

 High availability: reduction in purchasing effort, quick lead

times, even for short term orders

 Low availability: obstacle for construction contractors
 Local aspects: beneficial to use local materials with respect to

transportation effort and costs

 environmental benefit: reduction in emissions during transport
Flexibility
 Opportunity to use the materials for different purposes
 High flexibility leads to an increase in the demand for a

particular construction material

 larger production
 cost reductions due to economies of scale
 decrease in prices
 increase in demand of sustainable materials as result of
market mechanism
High life time expectancy

 reduced replacement intervals

 decrease in material use (ecological benefit)
 lower maintenance effort
 decrease in investments for maintenance, replacement and
renovation
 SMART USING OF MATERİALS
 Using reused and recycled materials as much as possible -- during
construction and throughout the life of your building -- will save you
money and time and help conserve natural resources such as wood.
 Evaluate and specify materials or assemblies based on life-cycle analysis
tools such as BEES or Athena.
 Create a management plan for construction waste management with the
help of a consultant.
 Make use of preexisting building shells and other structural elements at
your site, when possible.
 Set aside used materials such as hardwood flooring, high-quality brick,
structural steel, plumbing fixtures and cabinetry and install them in your
new space or elsewhere
 Use materials that were harvested, extracted or recovered in the region.
 Choose remanufactured furniture, which is made from recycled parts, costs
less and saves natural resources.
 Limit wood use.
 Specify certified wood products.
HOW MUCH DOES GREEN BUILDING REALLY
COST?
Part 2 : “Material Selection”

What Is A Sustainable Building Product or Material?

Reduced maintenance/replacement costs over
the life of the building.
Energy conservation.
Improved occupant health and productivity.
Lower costs associated with changing space
configurations.
Greater design flexibility. 
 BUILDING MATERIAL SELECTION
Not affect indoor air quality adversely;
Incorporate recycled materials (post-consumer and post-industrial) and/or
"biobased" materials from rapidly renewable plant products;
Be made using natural and/or renewable resources;
Be durable, and have low maintenance requirements;
Have low "embodied energy" (the energy required to produce and transport
materials);
Not contain chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), hydrochlorofluorocarbons
(HCFCs), or other ozone-depleting substances (ODSs);
Not contain highly toxic compounds;
Employ "Sustainable Harvesting" practices, for wood products;
Be procured from local resources and manufacturers;
Be reused easily (either whole or through disassembly);
Be recycled readily (preferably in a closed-loop recycling system); and
Be biodegradable.
Sustainable (Green) Building Material Selection Criteria 
Resource Efficiency
Indoor Air Quality (IAQ)
Energy Efficiency
Water Conservation
Affordability
Resource Efficiency
Natural, plentiful or renewable
Locally available
Reusable or recyclable
Recycled or recyclable product packaging
Durable
Indoor Air Quality (IAQ)
Low or non-toxic
Minimal chemical emissions
Low-VOC assembly
Healthfully maintained
Systems or equipment
Energy Efficiency
Materials, components, and systems that help reduce
energy consumption in buildings and facilities. 
Water Conservation
Products and systems that help reduce water
consumption in buildings and conserve water in
landscaped areas.
Affordability
can be considered when building product life-cycle
costs are comparable to conventional materials or as a
whole, are within a project-defined percentage of the
overall budget
SUSTAINABLE BUILDING MATERIALS
Below is a list of features that make a House
GREEN.

1) Insulation
Foamed Walls and Ceiling Insulation
Foam Around Windows Not Fiberglass
Seal All Penetrations
2) Heating Systems
Geo Thermal Heat Loop System
How Water Preheated By Geo Thermal
Wirsbo Under Floor Heat
Whole House Air Exchanger (HRV)
DC Motor Furnace with Gas Backup
Sealed Duct Work
Breathe Clean UV Light Filter
Honeywell Electronic Air Cleaner
3) Construction & Framing
Engineered Floor and Roof Truss
LVL And Microlam Headers
Finger Jointed Studs
Advantech Flooring
Three Corner Studs
Raised Heel Studs
Glue Bottom Plates
Andersen Low E Argon Glass Windows
Special Window Flashing and Tape System
4) Electrical
Fluorescent Recess Lights and Bulbs
Panasonic QT110 Bath Fans with Timers
CO-2 Detector
Solar Collector to Cover 25% of Electric
Off Peak Electric Water Heating
5) Plumbing
Water Saver Shower Heads
Dual Flush Toilet
Continuous Pump Loop On Hot
6) Interior Finish
Natural or Recycled Carpet and Pad
Brazilian Cherry Floors
Low Toxicity Solvent Free Ceramic
7) Finish Millwork
Sustainable Lyptus Mill Work and Cabinetry
Wheat Board in Cabinet Backings
Energy Star Appliances
8) Miscellaneous
Low VOC Paints
Regulated Construction Debris Disposal
Recycled All Sheetrock and Lumber Debris
Sealed Gas Fireplace
PART 3 : “REUSE AND RECYCLİNG”
Recycled Aggregate
Recycled aggregate is produced by crushing
concrete, and sometimes asphalt, to reclaim the
aggregate. Recycled aggregate can be used for
many purposes. The primary market is road base.
Benefits of Recycled Aggregate

Save money
Create additional business opportunities
Save energy
Markets

 Recycled aggregate can be used:

In paved roads as aggregate base, aggregate subbase,
and shoulders.
In gravel roads as surfacing.
As base for building foundations.
As fill for utility trenches.
Asphalt Roofing Shingles Recycling
Wallboard (Drywall) Recycling
Existing Markets for Drywall Waste
New drywall: Drywall gypsum can be recycled back into new drywall if most of the paper is removed. The paper limits the
amount of recycled gypsum allowed in new drywall, because the paper content affects its fire rating. One company
outside California produces drywall that is 15 to 20 percent recycled; it is working on technology to decrease the paper
content so that it can further increase the recycled amount.
Soil Amendment: New construction drywall is currently being recycled into soil amendment in California. Although its
use is controversial due to various additives, this use has shown promise in preliminary research. (CIWMB does not
recommend that demolition drywall scraps be used for agriculture.)
Markets: The soil amendment market includes:
General agriculture.
Mushroom growing.
Forestry and mine reclamation.
Nurseries.
City parks and recreation areas.
Residential lawns (sod).
Golf courses.
Compost (additive).
Benefits of gypsum: Gypsum provides the following benefits to soils:
Improves water penetration and workability of an impermeable sodic (alkali) soil.
Softens soil with a high clay content.
Helps neutralize soil acidity.
Adds plant nutrients calcium and sulfur.