9 - DESCARTES

GROUP 3

Neem Tree (Azadirachta

Indica) Leaf Extract with
Bulb Onion (Allium Cepa)
used as a natural pesticide
Researchers:
Atienza, Johann Airex M.
Cal, Avril Lovelyn D.
Manco, Heart Angel G.
Mata, Donna Antonette N.
Molina, Kc P.
Nuñez, Kieran Cid O.
Oral, Faith B.
 I. BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
Azadirachta indica, or Indian lilac, is a tree in the mahogany family Meliaceae. Neem
leaves are dried in India and set in pantries to forestall bugs eating the garments, and
furthermore in tins where rice is put away. Neem doesn't straightforwardly murder pests
on the harvest. It goes about as an anti-feedant, repellent, and egg-laying obstacle and in
this manner shield the harvest from harm. To defeat these issues, creation of limonoids
from plant cell suspension and bushy root societies in bioreactors has been considered,
including the advancement of a two-stage bioreactor measure that improves
development and creation of limonoids with cell suspension societies of A. indica. The
onion plant, otherwise known as Allium cepa, has been developed and specifically reared
in development for at any rate 7,000 years. It is a biennial plant, yet is normally developed
as a yearly. The wild onion's origins are highly ambiguous, with antiquated records of
utilizing onions being found in both west and east Asia. It is believed to have originated in
the Middle East. Both of the plants mentioned above have pesticidal attributes.

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 I. RATIONALE
Pesticides are synthetic substances utilized in horticultural practices to help the
creation and yield by repulsing, forestalling, and obliterating pests (Kumar et al.,
2012). They become significantly more concentrated while going through the food
chain and web (Ntow et al., 2008). The severity of the impacts is subject to different
factors, for example, the intake dosage, course of exposure, pesticide retention in the
body, their accumulation viability and persistence. Neem (Azadirachta indica) has
arisen as a profoundly potent bio-pesticide. Neem leaves have been utilized for quite
a long time because of its anti-agent properties. Further, the fundamental ingredients
of neem, show, helpful importance as neem oil, bark, leaves and their cleansed
biochemicals are said to have anticancer (Paul et al., 2011). This remarkable trait of
neem makes it an ideal bio-pesticidal specialist, as it doesn't make ambiguous toxicity
to any warm-blooded animals. The bulb onions (Allium cepa) have also been used in
the intercropping systems because of their ability to repel insects. Onion plants
produce excretions from their roots as well as aromas from their leaves. These
excretions and aromas have beneficial effects on surrounding plants. They will
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discourage insects, and are therefore regarded as insect repellent plants.
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 I. STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

The main problem of our study is the efficaciousness,

reliability and difficulty in providing a biopesticide, which is the
Azadirachta indica and with its additional ingredient, Allium
cepa, to limit the usage of harmful insecticides and/or
pesticides. We do indeed want farmers and other agricultural
partners to use less-expensive to cheap insecticides and to
provide an eco-friendly type of insecticide to ensure the quality
of our world and to sustain life as it is now.

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I. STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

MAIN PROBLEM:

Is the neem tree (Azadirachta indica) leaf extract

with bulb onions (Allium cepa) used as a natural
pesticide effective to plants?

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I. STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

SPECIFIC PROBLEMS:

1. Is there a significant difference 2. Is there a significant difference

in the effectivity in blending the between the three same sprayed plants
200ml neem extract solution (50% with regards to its effectivity when
Neem, 50% Water) in a day with: prolonged to:

A. ½ slice of Onion? A. 2 days?

B. ¾ slice of Onion? B. 3 days?
C. 1 whole bulb of Onion? C. 5 days?

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 I. SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

Organic pesticides will make it possible for farmers to manage

plant pests and diseases without turning to traditional
pesticides. Since 1960, thanks largely to pesticides, the
production of major crops has more than tripled. In the
environment, organic pesticides can be as harmful as chemical
pesticides to fauna/flora. Organic pest control does not hold the
same eradicating potential of non-natural products, but may
have far more exclusive benefits. Organic pest control
production by more biological means is just as successful as high
chemical mixtures - but they are just as ‘hard hitting’.

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 I. HYPOTHESIS
STATEMENT OF THE NULL HYPOTHESIS

H0: There is no significant difference in the efficiency in blending the 200ml

neem extract solution (50% Neem, 50% Water) under 12 hours with:

A. ½ slice of Onion
B. ¾ slice of Onion
C. 1 whole bulb of Onion
H0: There is no significant difference between the three same
sprayed plants with regards to its effectivity when prolonged to:

A. 2 days
B. 3 days
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I. SCOPE AND LIMITATION

The scope of this study is to know the

exact measurement of the extract use in
killing and reducing the quantity of the
pests. The limitation of the study is that we,
as researchers, just use on specific kind of
tree which is the Neem tree. Our only way
in producing a natural pesticide is through
experimentation.

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 II. REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
The utilization of engineered pesticides has prompted unsettling influences in
the climate, causing vermin opposition and harmfulness to non-target life forms.
Now, these engineered pesticides have made intense and constant harming
farmworkers, and buyers, in this way making it basic to receive elective
methods. Organic pest control is the most productive method of pest control.
Plant-based biopesticides utilizing plant concentrates and oils are generally
safer for the environment. Companion Planting focuses more on strategic
garden location than Trap Crops, which are planted directly in the vicinity of
damaged plants. The long run advantages are incremental. When it comes to
pest control, the most imperative factor to remember is health; high chemical
pesticides might not cause health harm immediately, but long-term exposure
may definitely be detrimentally lethal. Organic products typically emit lower odor
rates and show non-staining attributes. Pyrethin is a widely used biological
insecticide derived from a chrysanthemum plant that is absolutely healthy for
humans and most mammals as a non-toxic material.
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O R G A N I C S C O M PA N Y
 III. METHODOLOGY
SETTING OF THE STUDY:
As of now, we are only capable to converse
via social media apps in order to brainstorm
ideas which could ideally affect the study.

RESEARCH INSTRUMENT:
The ANOVA test is used by the researchers
to assess the effectiveness of a pesticide. It
can be used to identify the right amount for
the solution to be effective, and to check its
effect on the long-term effects if it stays still
or gradually lessens.
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 III. METHODOLOGY
MATERIALS DEFINITION
CONTAINERS Used primarily as a container before mixing in with the solvent.
MEASURING TOOL This can be measuring cups, beakers, etc.
GLOVES Used as protection to be safe in cases of irritation.
FUNNEL Used to level the flow of the extract to the spray bottle to avoid
spillage.
STRAINER (FILTER PAPER IF Used to separate the leaves and/or any solid residue that may
POSSIBLE) remain if not strained.
BLENDER Used to blend and mix the solution altogether.
SPRAY BOTTLE Used to spray the plants with the mixed solution.
PLANTS (POTTED) The main subjects of the study.
WATER The solvent for the solution.
NEEM LEAF (AZADIRACHTA The main solute of the study.
INDICA)
BULB ONION (ALLIUM CEPA) The supporting solute of the study.

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 III. METHODOLOGY
PROCEDURES:
1. Prepare all the needed materials for
the experiment.
2. Peel the onions carefully and slice
them according to the problem.
3. Blend the neem leaves in a blender.
4. Squeeze the blended neem leaves to
root out the extract.
5. Mix the neem leaf extract and onions
into three large containers, same size,
filled with lukewarm water.
6. Use a spoon to stir the solution until
it is mixed well.
7. Filter out the solution using a strainer
to filtrate the leaves and the remaining
peels of the onion from the solution.
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1. Pour the solution into the spray bottle
with a funnel, to avoid spillage. Let it
settle for a few minutes.
2. Spray the plant evenly with the specified
amount, from top to bottom.
3. Observe.
4. Take down notes while doing the
procedure. (Problem dependent)
5. Since this study is in a daily basis,
schedule yourself when to observe each
day.
6. Conclude the results after testing and
analyzing everything.
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 REFERENCES:
» Kumar N., Pathera A. K., Saini P., Kumar M. (2012). Harmful effects of pesticides on human health. Ann.
Agri Bio Res. 17, 125–127.
» Bag D. (2000). Pesticides and health risks. Econ. Polit. Wkly. 35, 3381–3383. 10.1111/j.1552-
6909.2009.01092.x
» Gilden RC, Huffling K, Sattler BJ Obstet Gynecol Neonatal Nurs. 2010 Jan-Feb; 39(1):103-110.
» Yadav IC, Devi NL, Syed JH, Cheng Z, Li J, Zhang G, Jones KC Sci Total Environ. 2015 Apr 1;
511():123-37.
» Woodruff TJ, Carlson A, Schwartz JM, Giudice LC (Proceedings of the Summit on Environmental
Challenges to Reproductive Health and Fertility: executive summary) Fertil Steril. 2008 Feb; 89(2
Suppl):e1-e20.
» World Health Organisation (1990). Public Health Impact of Pesticides Used in Agriculture. Geneva: World
Health Organisation.
» Ntow WJ, Tagoe LM, Drechsel P, Kelderman P, Gijzen HJ, Nyarko E. Environ Res. 2008 Jan; 106(1):17-
26.
» Alavanja MC, Hoppin JA, Kamel F. Annu Rev Public Health. 2004; 25():155-97.
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THANK YOU!

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