Steam Turbines

P1: The velocity of steam at inlet to simple impulse turbine is 1100m/s and nozzle
angle is 200. The mean blade speed is 420 m/s and the blade angles are
symmetrical. The mass flow rate of steam is 0.75 kg/s. Calculate the
i) Blade angles
ii) Axial Thrust
iii) Blade Efficiency
 Combine Velocity Diagram

Vf2
V2 Vw2
Vf1 β
Vr2 Φ
U2
Vr1
Vw1
θ
V1
U1

α
 Combine Velocity Diagram for Impulse Turbine

U1 = U 2 Vw1

Vw2
B
A
β α Φ θ
Vf2 Vf1
V2
Vr1
Vr2
V1
D

i) Vr1 ≥ Vr2
ii) V1 ≥ V2
A-B-C : Inlet Velocity Triangle
A-B-D : Outlet Velocity Triangle
The velocity of steam leaving nozzles of an impulse turbine is 900m/s and the nozzle angle
is 200. Blade velocity is 300m/s and blade velocity coefficient is 0.7. Calculate for a mass
flow rate of 1kg/Sec and symmetrical blading
(i) The blade inlet angle (ii) Driving force on wheel
(iii) The axial thrust (iv) Diagram power ( v) Diagram efficiency.
Graphical Method

β α φ θ
In a De-Laval turbine steam issues from the nozzle velocity of
1200 m/s. The nozzle angle is 200 the mean blade velocity is 400
m/s, and the inlet and the outlet angles of the blades are equal.
The mass of steam flowing through the turbine per hour is 1000
kg. Calculate:
i) Blade angles. ii)Relative velocity of steam entering the blades.
iii) Tangential force on the blades. iv) Power developed.
v) Blade efficiency. Take blade velocity co- efficient as 0.8