ADITYA ENGINEERING COLLEGE(A)

SIGNALS AND SYSTEMS

Problems on signals
By

B.V.V.L.KALA BHARATHI
Dept of ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING
Aditya Engineering College(A)
Surampalem.
 Problem#6 Aditya Engineering College (A)

If x(t)=u(t+2)-u(t-4)
sketch y(t)=x(2t-2)
Step 1:First sketch u(t+2)
Step2: sketch u(t-4)
Step 3:sketch x(t)=u(t+2)-u(t-4)
Step 4: since y(t)=x(2t-2)
now replace t with (2t-2) in x(t)
i.e.,y(t)=x(2t-2)=u(2t-2+2)-u(2t-2-4)
=u(2t)-u(2t-6)
Step 5:sketch u(2t)
Step 6:sketch u(2t-6)
Step 7:sketch y(t)=u(2t)-u(2t-6)
SIGNALS AND SYSTEMS B.v.v.l kala Bharathi 9/3/21
 Aditya Engineering College (A)
U(t)
Step 1:First sketch u(t+2)
First
U(t)= 1 for t≥0
1
U(t)=0 for t<0

Now
U(t+2)=1 for (t+2)≥0 U(t+2)
i.e., for t ≥-2

U(t+2)=0 for (t+2)<0 1

i.e., for t <- 2

-2 -1

SIGNALS AND SYSTEMS B.v.v.l kala Bharathi 9/3/21

 Aditya Engineering College (A)
U(t)
Step 2:First sketch u(t-4)
First
U(t)= 1 for t≥0
1
U(t)=0 for t<0

Now
U(t-4)=1 for (t-4)≥0 U(t-4)
i.e., for t ≥4

U(t-4)=0 for (t-4)<0 1

i.e., for t < 4

1 2 3 4

SIGNALS AND SYSTEMS

9/3/21
B.v.v.l kala Bharathi
 Aditya Engineering College (A)
U(t+2)

Step 3:sketch x(t)=u(t+2)-u(t-4) 1

First sketch U(t+2) -2 -1 Time t

U(t-4)
Next sketch U(t-4) 1

Now subtract -2 -1 1 2 3 4 Time t

amplitude of u(t-4) from u(t+2)

x(t)

-2 1 2 3 4 Time t
SIGNALS AND SYSTEMS B.v.v.l kala Bharathi 9/3/21
 Aditya Engineering College (A)
U(t)
Step 5:sketch u(2t)
First
U(t)= 1 for t≥0
1
U(t)=0 for t<0

Now
U(2t)=1 for (2t)≥0 U(2t)
i.e., for t ≥0

U(2t)=0 for (2t)<0

i.e., for t <0 1

1 2

SIGNALS AND SYSTEMS

9/3/21
B.v.v.l kala Bharathi
 Aditya Engineering College (A)
U(t)
Step 6:sketch u(2t-6)
First
U(t)= 1 for t≥0
1
U(t)=0 for t<0

Now
U(2t-6)=1 for (2t-6)≥0 U(2t-6)
i.e., for t ≥3

U(2t-6)=0 for (2t-6)<0

1
i.e., for t <3

1 2 3

SIGNALS AND SYSTEMS

9/3/21
B.v.v.l kala Bharathi
 Aditya Engineering College (A)
U(2t)

Step 7:sketch y(t)=u(2t)-u(2t-6) 1

First sketch U(2t) Time t

Next sketch U(2t-6) 1 U(2t-6)

Now subtract 1 2 3 4 Time t

amplitude of u(2t-6) from u(2t)

y(t)
1

1 2 3 4 Time t
SIGNALS AND SYSTEMS B.v.v.l kala Bharathi 9/3/21
 Aditya Engineering College (A)

Solution of Problem#6

SIGNALS AND SYSTEMS B.v.v.l kala Bharathi 9/3/21

 Aditya Engineering College (A)

METHOD 2 TO SOLVE Problem#6

SIGNALS AND SYSTEMS B.v.v.l kala Bharathi 9/3/21

 Aditya Engineering College (A)
Problem#7 r(t)
sketch a)r(-t)
b)-r(-t) 1
c)-r(t)
We know
r(t)= t for t≥0
1 Time t
r(t)=0 for t<0
r(-t)

a)r(-t)
It is the time reversal of r(t)

Time t

SIGNALS AND SYSTEMS B.v.v.l kala Bharathi 9/3/21

 Aditya Engineering College (A)
-r(-t)
b) -r(-t)

Time t

-r(t)
c) –r(t)

Time t

SIGNALS AND SYSTEMS B.v.v.l kala Bharathi 9/3/21

 Aditya Engineering College (A)
Problem#8

Sketch r(t+3)

r(t+3)

We know that r(t+3)=t+3 for (t+3) ≥ 0

for t≥-3

r(t+3)=0 for (t+3)<0

for t<-3

-3

SIGNALS AND SYSTEMS

9/3/21
B.v.v.l kala Bharathi
 Problem#9 Aditya Engineering College (A)

Sketch - r(t+3)
-r(t+3)

-3

SIGNALS AND SYSTEMS

9/3/21
B.v.v.l kala Bharathi
 Problem#10 Aditya Engineering College (A)

Sketch r(t-2) r(t-2)

r(t-2)=t-2 for (t-2) ≥ 0

for t≥2

r(t-2)=0 for (t-2)<0

for t<2

SIGNALS AND SYSTEMS

9/3/21
B.v.v.l kala Bharathi
 Aditya Engineering College (A)
-r(t-2)

Sketch -r(t-2)

SIGNALS AND SYSTEMS

9/3/21
B.v.v.l kala Bharathi
 Aditya Engineering College (A)

THANK YOU

SIGNALS AND SYSTEMS B.v.v.l kala Bharathi 9/3/21