UNIT 2 MICROBIAL CONTROL

IN VIVO CONTROL OF
MICROBIAL GROWTH
ontrol them before they control us.
Lesson 1 – In Vitro Control of Microbial Growth

•Compare and contrast

chemotherapeutic agents,
antimicrobial agents, and antibiotics
•State the five most common
mechanisms of action of
antimicrobial agents
•Identify the four most common
mechanisms by which bacteria
IN VIVO CONTROL OF MICROBIAL GROWTH

•Chemotheraphy
the use of any chemical (drug)
used to treat disease or condition
•Chemotherapeutic agent
any drug used to treat any
condition or disease
MICROBIAL CONTROL
ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS
any chemical (drug) used to treat an
infectious disease, either by
inhibiting or killing pathogen in vivo,
i.e. antibacterial, antifungal,
antiprotozoal, and antiviral agents

MICROBIAL CONTROL
ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS
“cidal” agents
antimicrobial agents that kill
pathogens
“static” agents
antimicrobial agents that stop
pathogens from growing and
multiplying MICROBIAL CONTROL
ANTIBIOTIC
an antimicrobial agent produced
by a microorganism that is
effective in killing or inhibiting
the growth of other
microorganisms

MICROBIAL CONTROL
IDEAL QUALITY OF AN
ANTIMICROBIAL AGENT
An antimicrobial agent
must inhibit or destroy the
pathogen without damaging
the host.
Unfortunately, most antimicrobial agents
have some side effects, produce allergic
reactions, or permit development
MICROBIALof
CONTROL
HOW ANTIMICROBIAL
AGENTS WORK?
•Inhibition of cell wall
synthesis
•Damage to cell membranes
•Inhibition of nucleic acid
synthesis
•Inhibition of protein
MICROBIAL CONTROL
DRUG RESISTANCE
the reduction of in
effectiveness of medication
such as an antimicrobial in
treating a disease or condition.

MICROBIAL CONTROL
DRUG-RESISTANT
MICROBES

MICROBIAL CONTROL
HOW BACTERIA BECOME
RESISTANT TO DRUGS?
•Altering drug-binding sites
•Altering cell membrane
permeability
•Developing the ability to
produce an enzyme that destroys
or inactivates a drug
•Developing multidrug-resistance
MICROBIAL CONTROL
β-Lactam Antibiotics

MICROBIAL CONTROL