HYPERTENTION

“THE SILENT KILLER”

Adolf Fruelan Hidalgo

BSN 3A
Defined as…
a systolic blood pressure (SBP) of
140 mm Hg or higher or a diastolic
blood pressure (DBP) of 90 mm Hg
or higher, based on the average of
two or more accurate blood pressure
measurements taken 1 to 4 weeks
apart by a healthcare provider.
- American Society of Hypertension (ASH) and
International Society of Hypertension (ISH)
 1.28
billion
adults aged
30-79 years

2/3
living in low-
and middle-
42% 46% income countries
diagnosed unaware that they
and treated have the condition
 From

177,176
participants

39% hypertensive

50.3% aware of their condition

28.9% condition is controlled

 Classification of Blood Pressure for
Adults Age 18 and Olderb
Systolic BP Diastolic BP
BP Classificationa (mm Hg) (mm Hg)
Normal <120 <80
Prehypertension 120-139 80-89
Stage 1 Hypertension 140-159 90-99
Stage 2 Hypertension ≥160 ≥100
a
Based on the average two or more properly measured, seated reading taken on each of two or more office visits
b
A systolic blood pressure up to 150 mm Hg in adults older than 80 years of age is considered acceptable / does not
require treatment. Isolated Systolic Isolated Diastolic
HTN HTN
 CLASSIFICATION
Primary Hypertension
Elevated blood pressure results from
95% complex interactions between multiple
genetic and environmental factors

Secondary Hypertension
Elevated blood pressure caused by
5% another condition or disease.
 SIGNS & SYMPTOMS
and RISK FACTORS
Sx: Asymptomatic
Risk:
 Age  Excess weight
 Race  Sedentary
 Gender lifestyle
 Genetics  Smoking
 Excessive salt &  Stress
alcohol intake
 CONCEPT
MAP
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 REFERENCES
1. World Health Organization: WHO. (2021, August 25). Hypertension. Who.int; World Health
Organization: WHO. https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/hypertension
2. Castillo, R. R., Mercado-Asis, L. B., Atilano, A. A., David-Ona, D. I., Diaz, A. F., Granada,
C. N., Bonzon, D. D., Vilela, G. C., Chua, C. L., Gomez, L. A., Oliva, R. V., Morales, D. D.,
Beaney, T., Ster, A. C., & Poulter, N. R. (2020). May Measurement Month 2018: an analysis
of blood pressure screening in the Philippines. European Heart Journal Supplements,
22(Supplement_H), H104–H107. https://doi.org/10.1093/eurheartj/suaa040
3. Hinkle, J. L., & Cheever, K. H. (2018). Brunner & Suddarth’s textbook of medical-surgical
nursing (14th ed., pp. 2396–2426). Wolters Kluwer.
4. Barkis, G. (2020). Hypertension. Merck Manuals Professional Edition; Merck Manuals.
https://www.merckmanuals.com/professional/cardiovascular-
disorders/hypertension/hypertension?query=HYPERTENSION#v45106880