ADVANCED PROGRAMMING:

PROGRAMMING IN SCALA

Group 1 Course Instructor:

SUMMER SEMESTER 2021 ENGR DANIEL MOURNE

RESEARCH TOPIC:

WHY ARE PEOPLE RELUCTANT TO GET COVID 19 VACCINE?

GROUP MEMBERS
◆ MBAH ROMARICK FORKWA
◆ SAYANI MAGDALENE MANYE
(LEADER)
◆ MOLOMBE MAWI SHEILA LIMUNGA
◆ GWAGSI GLENN FOFEYIN
 CONTENT

• Introduction
• Problem statement
• Variables that will be subject of study
• Plan for data collection
 INTRODUCTION
The COVID-19 pandemic, also known as the
coronavirus pandemic, is an ongoing
pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019
(COVID-19) caused by severe acute
respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-
CoV-2). It was first identified in December
2019 in Wuhan, China.
Coronaviruses are a large family of
viruses that cause illness ranging
from the;
❖ Common cold
❖ Fever
❖ Dry cough
COVID-19 is mainly transmitted via the air
when people breathe in droplets that
infected people release as they breathe,
talk, cough, sneeze, or sing. Infected people
are more likely to transmit COVID-19 when
they are physically close to others
People are advised to respect some measures
such as washing hands, keeping distance,
wearing face masks to prevent the transmission
of COVID-19
Currently, three vaccines are authorized and
recommended to prevent COVID-19. The
presence of available vaccines is the key element
to minimize new infections. Vaccination
coverage is highly influenced by its acceptability
and the overall perception of its benefit/safety
profile. Vaccine hesitancy is a barrier to achieve
high vaccination coverage against infectious
diseases
Therefore, understanding its determinants is
necessary to aid acceptability and tackle vaccine
hesitancy and consequently achieve high coverage
for this new vaccine. Hence, this study aims to
assess and identify factors associated with COVID-
19 vaccine hesitancy in Cameroon
 PROBLEM STATEMENT
As of 26 August 2021 there had been more Published research has shown that in high income
than 211 million reported infections with countries the reluctance to take this drugs are
SARS-CoV-2 and over 4 million reported mainly due to the concerns about the safety of
deaths from COVID-19 (World Health vaccines against COVID-19, including the rapid
Organization, 2021). Globally, there are pace of vaccine development, as one of the
now more than 139 vaccine candidates, primary reasons for hesitancy , but data from low-
415 vaccine trials ongoing, and 22 vaccines and middle-income countries (LMICs) have been
against COVID-19 approved by at least one limited
country (McGill COVID19 Vaccine Tracker
Team, n.d.). Despite the availability of
these vaccines, 33% of the world
population has received at least one dose
of a Covid-19 vaccine. 5.13 billion has been
administered globally, and 36.21 million
are now administered each day. only 1.6%
of people in low-income countries have
received at least one dose. (Our world in
data)
In a report published by the CDC on COVID-19 Side effects narrated by those who have taken the
Vaccine Acceptance and Hesitancy in Low- and vaccine encourages some setbacks in the campaign.
Middle-Income Countries, and Implications for below are the percentages of some of the common
Messaging, (Solís Arce et al., May 12, 2021,) it side effects registered
was found out that the major drivers for
vaccine hesitancy in Africa are concerns about
safety, side effects and effectiveness. access to
social media has promoted a widespread of
misinformation. in a study taken in south
Africa, it showed that half of those surveyed
believed that covid is linked to 5g technology
and approximately a third of those who
refused the vaccine trusted social media as
primary source of information (Runciman et
al., 2021,).

Religious beliefs also affect vaccine

acceptance. As seen in a survey carried out in
5 west African countries, on those who want
to take the covid-19 vaccine, (Runciman et al.,
2021), 90% of the participants in Nigeria and
Liberia said that prayer was more effective
than the vaccine.
Despite the development of different variants over By August 23, the rate of people who received at
time namely Alpha, Beta and Gamma, the majority least one-shot is 1.26
especially in Africa still shy away from taking the
vaccine to the point where some vaccines were
hitting their expiration dates.

In the first half of 2021, Cameroon received

591,200 vaccine doses against COVID-19 (Sino
Pharm and AstraZeneca). Among these, the
391,200 AstraZeneca vaccine doses were delivered
to Cameroon via the COVID-19 Vaccines Global
Access (COVAX). According to the Ministry of
Public Health, as of June, 26, 2021, 110,324 people
have received the first AstraZeneca or Sino Pharm
vaccine dose and only 21,991 are fully vaccinated.
According to the World Health Organization, 31
per cent (81,900) of AstraZeneca doses received
will expire before August 2021, making their
uptake an urgent priority.
VARIABLES THAT WILL BE SUBJECT OF STUDY

Variables that will be used as subject for the

study will be classified into three categories;
1.Contextual Influences
2.Covid_19 vaccine specific and
3.Covid_19 disease specific.
PLAN FOR DATA DATA COLLECTION

For data collection, we intend to develop

a forms (google forms) for users to
provide answers on why they haven’t
taken the vaccines. And build a web
application with Scala to display the
results.