TO “DISTANCE” OR NOT!

THAT IS THE QUESTION!!!!!

 Let’s go back in time . . .

 http://
www.youtube.com/watch?v=wuyrP_HhWEg
&feature=related
 WELCOME!

Carolyn Rose Cutshaw

Spencerian College
Sullivan University System
Louisville, Kentucky
 WILLIAM CRONON

“A liberal education is about . . . The wisdom to

connect.”
 To “Distance” or Not!
Let’s look at the history of Distance Learning!

http://
www.youtube.com/watch?v=uZk-WdYHkoc
WHAT’S WITH THE TERMINOLOGY?

 Distance Education
 Distance Learning
 Web-Assisted
 Hybrid
 Online Learning
 To “Distance” or Not!
OBJECTIVES

 Communication Tools
 Communication Models
 Pedagogical Elements
 Instructor Concerns
 Student Concerns
 So the question is, “To Distance or Not!”
 HOW DO WE “FOSTER” ONLINE
LEARNING?

http://
www.youtube.com/watch?v=HvJfWZCO8PU&fe
ature=related
 Communication Tools
ASYNCHRONOUS

 Telephone – individual
 E-Mail – individual or group
 Print – group
 Web Page – group
 Discussion Board – group
 PANOPTO
 SKYPE

SYNCHRONOUS
 Chat Rooms – all participants log on at once
 Communication Models
 Carnegie Model
 Computer-Mediated Model
 Computer-Supported Collaborative Learning
(CSCL)
 Laurillard’s Conversational Model
 COMMUNICATION MODELS

 http://
www.youtube.com/watch?v=ss2hULhXf04&fe
ature=related
 COMMUNICATION MODELS
Carnegie Model

 Higher Education must move beyond “critical

thinking” to the idea of “practical reasoning”
as a focal point for curriculum and teaching.
 It is important for students to learn to think, to
reason, to interrogate text, AND understand it.
 COMMUNICATION MODELS
Carnegie Model (con’t.)
 Engage faculty in collaborative dialogue,

writing and reflection, inquiring into what

teaching for practical reason means for their
university/college.
 Foster connections between individuals and

fields; provide faculty with a place to ask hard

questions.
 Serve as pedagogical exemplars for one

another.
 COMMUNICATION MODELS
Computer-Mediated Model (CMI)

 Human social life online is a future in which

friendships, social groups, organizations, and
work teams operate in “cyberspace,”
transcending physical restraints.
 COMMUNICATION MODELS
Computer-Supported Collaborative Learning
(CSCL)

 The concept of collaborative or group learning

whereby instructional methods are designed to
encourage or require students to work together
on learning tasks.
 COMMUNICATION MODELS
Laurillard’s Conversational Model

 There are four main aspects of the teaching-learning

process:

1. Discussion between the teacher and the learner.

2. Adaptation of the learners actions and of the teacher’s
constructed environment.
3. Interaction between the learner and the environment
defined by the teacher.
4. Reflection of the learner’s performance by both teacher
and learner.
PEDAGOLOCICAL ELEMENTS
Meaningful Learning Occurs When
Learners are:

 Active
 Constructive
 Collaborative
 PEDALOGICAL ELEMENTS
Learning Styles:

 Visual
 Auditory
 Kinesthetic
PEDAGOLOGICAL ELEMENTS
Learning Environments are Best When:

 Intentional
 Complex
 Contextual
PEDAGOLOGICAL ELEMENTS
Learning as a Social Act:

 Blended Learning

 Communities of Practice
PEDAGOLOGICAL ELEMENTS
We are Social Beings Who Benefit from
Learning that is:

 Conversational

 Reflective
 INSTRUCTOR CONCERNS
Evaluation:

1. Provide opportunities for

- students to reflect on their own learning
and contribution.
2. Feedback on the learning experience.

3. Evaluation of your performance.

 INSTRUCTOR CONCERNS
Rules for Discussion Groups:

- Be courteous; participate responsibly

- Participate actively
- Write clearly
- Build ideas on what others say
- Be credible: back up your statements
- Stick to the Subject!
 STUDENT CONCERNS
Overcoming Isolation:

 Distance education students often feel very isolated

 Overcoming this isolation is a big challenge – “Get
to know me!”
 Good access to a tutor is essential i.e., some face-to-
face time with the Instructor.
 And, it is most helpful if students can communicate
with each other, building their own learning
community
 STUDENT CONCERNS
Turning in an Assignment!

http://
www.youtube.com/watch?v=KL8mT-Do2oo&fea
ture=related
 ANGEL, GDP, & PANOPTO

http://sullivan.angellearning.com/default.asp

https://
spencerian.gdp11.com/Students/CombinedLogin.a
spx

http://
coursecast.sullivan.edu/Panopto/Pages/Viewer/D
efault.aspx?id=74b7e3e0-6971-472a-b02a-506b600e0a
 SUMMING IT UP
Darth Vader Discusses Online Learning . . .

http://
www.youtube.com/watch?v=Tj4M2bgzdhQ
 SUMMING IT UP

 Sound Foundational Pedagogy

 Student-Centered, Active Learning
 Synchronous & Asynchronous
 Relevant, Authentic Content
 Visual, Auditory, and Kinesthetic Learning
Styles
 Collaborative, Reflective, Problem-Solving
 SUMMING IT UP

“Students who took all or part of their class

online performed better, on average, than those
taking the same course through traditional face-
to-face instruction.”

http://www.ed.gov/rschstat/eval/tech/
evidencee-based-practices/finalreport.pdf
 SUMMING IT UP

In other words . . .

BLENDED LEARNING
Combining both asynchronous and
synchronous elements!
 THE FUTURE
Where is Distance Learning Going?

http://
www.youtube.com/watch?v=3hJwM_n-kD8
 QUESTIONS?

??????????????????????????????????????????????????
??????????????????????????????????????????????????
??????????????????????????????????????????????????
??????????????????????????????????????????????????
 THANK YOU!!!!!

It has been MY pleasure!!!!!

ccutshaw@spencerian.edu

Going out music . . .

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=C2wcqRWb
dHs

“MAY THE FORCE BE WITH YOU!”

 RESOURCES
Johnson, K.E. (2009). Online Education for Dummies. For Dummies, Inc.

Moore, M.G. (2012). “American Journal of Distance Education.”

Routledge.

Moore, M.G. (2011). Distance Education: A Systems View of Online

Learning. Wadsworth Publishing.

“Online Cl@ssroom Ideas for Effective Online Instruction.” Magna

Publications, Inc. Jan. 2012. www.magnapubs.com

Simonson, M. (2011). Teaching and Learning at a Distance: Foundations of

Distance Education (5th Edition). Allyn and Bacon.