Mekanika Fluida Lanjut

S2, Teknik Mesin

Jurusan Teknik Mesin dan Industri, FT–UGM

03.
FORMULASI MATEMATIS
HUKUM–HUKUM DASAR
Dalam analisis aliran fluida, kita dapat menerapkan hukum-hukum
dasar yang kemudian memformulasikannya ke dalam bentuk
persamaan matematis.
Hal ini dapat dilakukan pada hampir sembarang situasi
aliran.
Akan tetapi, kemudian akan berhadapan dengan kemampuan
untuk menyelesaikan persamaan tersebut.

Penerapan hukum-hukum dasar tersebut dapat dilakukan pada:

1. Tiap-tiap titik di dalam medan aliran
(Pendekatan Diferensial)
 Differential Formulation
2. Volume tertentu di dalam ruang yang terisi oleh fluida
(Pendekatan Volume Kontrol)
 Finite Control Volume Approach (Global Approach)
 Finite Control Volume Formulation
 Comparison of differential and
finite control volume formulations

Advantages Disadvantages
1. Reveals all details of the flow 1. Produces differential
equations that are
often difficult or
impossible to solve
2. Forces fluid to obey 2. Often requires that
Differential fundamental laws at all equations be solved by
Formulation points computer, which can
be expensive
3. Solves problem with 3. May give more
minimum of input information than we
information (boundary really need
conditions)
 Advantages
1. Simpler mathematics
2. Much less sensitive to
approximations and
Finite assumptions; often yields
Control quite useful approximate
information with very crude
Volume assumptions
Formulation 3. Pencil-and-paper method
requiring about one hour’s
work
4. Often reveals only the
information we realy need
Disadvantages
1. Does not reveal all
details of flow; does
not force fluid to
obey fundamental
laws at every point
2. Often yields only
approximates
answers
3. Requires more input
information, such as
velocity distribution
at convenient
boundaries
4. Often cannot tell us
everything we need to
know