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    Hypertension is diagnosed when systolic blood pressure is ≥140 mm Hg or diastolic blood pressure is ≥90 mm Hg on repeated examinations. Blood pressure is determined by cardiac output and systemic vascular resistance, where cardiac output depends on heart rate and stroke volume. Essential or primary hypertension, which accounts for 95% of cases and has no definitive cause, involves multiple risk factors and pathways including the sympathetic nervous system, renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, low renin levels, obesity, and insulin resistance. Secondary hypertension, accounting for 5% of cases, develops through underlying medical conditions or drugs and involves renal, renovascular, primary aldosteronism, sleep apnea, and substance-induced

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    Hypertension is diagnosed when systolic blood pressure is ≥140 mm Hg or diastolic blood pressure is ≥90 mm Hg on repeated examinations. Blood pressure is determined by cardiac output and systemic vascular resistance, where cardiac output depends on heart rate and stroke volume. Essential or primary hypertension, which accounts for 95% of cases and has no definitive cause, involves multiple risk factors and pathways including the sympathetic nervous system, renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, low renin levels, obesity, and insulin resistance. Secondary hypertension, accounting for 5% of cases, develops through underlying medical conditions or drugs and involves renal, renovascular, primary aldosteronism, sleep apnea, and substance-induced

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    18 views15 pages

    Hypertension Pathophysiology

    Uploaded by

    yulia
    Hypertension is diagnosed when systolic blood pressure is ≥140 mm Hg or diastolic blood pressure is ≥90 mm Hg on repeated examinations. Blood pressure is determined by cardiac output and systemic vascular resistance, where cardiac output depends on heart rate and stroke volume. Essential or primary hypertension, which accounts for 95% of cases and has no definitive cause, involves multiple risk factors and pathways including the sympathetic nervous system, renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, low renin levels, obesity, and insulin resistance. Secondary hypertension, accounting for 5% of cases, develops through underlying medical conditions or drugs and involves renal, renovascular, primary aldosteronism, sleep apnea, and substance-induced

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    of 15

    Patofisiologi Hipertensi

    Yulia Cahya K
    Dokter Magang PERKI Lampung
    RS Abdoel Moeloek
    Definition
    • Hypertension be diagnosed when a person’s systolic blood pressure
    (SBP) in the office or clinic is ≥140 mm Hg and/or their diastolic
    blood pressure (DBP) is ≥90 mm Hg following repeated examination.
    BP = CO X SVR
    CO = HR X SV
    Essential / Primary
    Hypertension
    • No definitive cause
    • Multiple risk factors
    • Presents in 95% population

    1. SNS
    2. RAAA
    Essential / Primary Hypertension
    Essential / Primary Hypertension
    3. Low renin / low sodium excretion
    Essential / Primary Hypertension
    4. Obesity related Hypertension
    Essential / Primary Hypertension
    5. Insulin related Hypertension
    Secondary Hypertension

    • Develop through the manifestation


    of other medical problems or drugs
    • Presents in 5% population
    • The most common types of
    secondary hypertension in adults
    are renal parenchymal disease,
    renovascular hypertension,
    primary aldosteronism, chronic
    sleep apnea, and substance/drug-
    induced.
    Terimakasih

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