200512501047

QHUSNUL AMALIA
English literature B
AMERICAN
STUDIES

Makassar State University

 AMERICAN CULTURE

Let’s Begin Now!

Authorial inattention:
Donald Davidson’s literalism, Jorie Graham’s Mat
erialism, and cognitive science’s embodied minds

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LET’S START
 literalism (again)?
chapter 5
The metaphor that it relies on "abstract terms" for the
analogy between "things" and thereby gave up the possibility
of rendering the liveliness of “acts.

While the Chinese ideograph stands as a kind of correction

to the metaphor through the fantasy that "live abbreviation
image" dynamically converts "something" into "action."

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 the effort to block the abstract exchange of meaning on which metaphor

They take the form of a literalization of "

things."The resemblance is an attempt to
Williams and Zukofsky overcome the metaphor that produces a ki
nd of literalism that would become a hallm
ark of language poetry.

Bruce Andrews and

language poetry just begun, and indeed in the same y
Charles Bernstein ear that Bruce Andrews and Charles Bernstein launch
ed the journal L=A=N=G=U=A=G=E (1978).

Philosopher Donald Davidson published an essay in Critical Inquiry called "What" Metapho
Donald Davidson rs Mean. In it, he rejects the terms in which metaphor came under attack in modernism in
the first place, arguing that it has nothing necessary to do with either analogy or the “abs
tract terms” that supposedly follow from it

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Philosopher Donald Davidson

Who is him?
Donald Herbert Davidson is an American(Professor of Philosophy
at the University of California) he is a Poet, and American teache
r he wrote about idealized,agrarian technology and technology, be
fore the Southern Civil War.
Davidson is known for his charismatic personality and the depth a
nd difficulty of his thinking. His work has influenced various field
s of philosophy, especially in the fields of philosophy of mind, phil
osophy of language, and theory of action.

Born :March 6, 1917

The Power of PowerPoint | thepopp.com 6

Donald Davidson in Inquiries into Truth and Interpretation

Philosopher Donald Davidson said that there was no need has to do with analogy or
"abstract terms“ Far from appearing too "abstract", the metaphor in Davidson's analysis is
notanchored firmly in literal in a way one can only imagine.

All these differing opinions make the various disagreements about metaphor seem insignificant
in the face of what they collectively assert about poetry

Davidson begins his essay with the broad question of what distinguishes the meaning of metaphorical
statements from the meaning of “more routine linguistic transactions,” and the answer he gives is, quite
simply, that there is no distinction:

“metaphors mean what the words, in their most literal interpretation, mean, and nothing more”

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 Philosopher
Donald Davidson Controversy

There is no meaning in the metaphor other than the literal meaning

Davidson's insistence that the only meaning a metaphor has is its literal meaning
a book : Self-Portrait in a Convex Mirror.by John gray "lost beyond words"; .

Routine Linguistic Transactions

Laura (Riding) Jackson than with Ashbery or the poet of the language

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 Who is Jorie Graham ?

Jorie Graham (née Pepper; born May 9, 1950) is an American poet. T

he Poetry Foundation called Graham one of the most celebrated poet
s of the American post-war generation.She replaced poet Seamus He
aney as Boylston Professor of Rhetoric and Oratory at Harvard, bec
oming the first woman to be appointed to this position. Jorie Graha
m, a literary figure whose abstract intellectual poetry is known for i
ts visual imagery, complex metaphors, and philosophical content.
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"The question of who I consume.“
– Jorie Graham
One of her works Taken from the fourth of five

poems entitled "Notes on the Reality of the Self" di

stributed through Materialism volumes,

Graham's description is definitely an allusion to his

own work. Materialism's answer to the "question of

who I am" is essentially the brain image of Damasio

in The Feeling of What Happens. And in the course

of that depiction, such a poetic agent in Materialism

becomes an unintentional material cause.

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 hhhh

divine intention Lyric embodiment

Jorie Graham always stands somewhat precariously at the narrow peak
of this barely civilized chaos, not siding with the antagonist but drawin
Materialism consists of Graham's own poems interspersed with
g her poetic power from both. it reinforces the Lyric embodiment in h
fourteen quotes from the works of monumental figures in the
er work. Graham's fifth collection of poems is a surprising and comman
history of Western thought and art, who represents the effects of
ding step forward. "Materialism" is a book-long meditation on the natur
nature operating in our same terms.
e of spirit and the nature of "matter" in our material world - concerns t
hat echo throughout his work.
the question of what they have in common - the drama of their
The destruction of our bodies and the loss of our cultural selves is at t
identities - is only revealed to begin with if anyone cares. From
he heart of Graham's poetry, Stylistically, Jorie Graham always employ
Modernism to Postmodernism, the relationship between the s the most cinematic sense of movement ever seen before.
perception of an object one moment and that perception the next.

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 cognitive science’s embodied minds

Embodied cognition is the theory that many features of cognition, human or otherwise,are shaped by aspects of the whole body of the

organism. The embodied mind thesis challenges other theories, such as cognitivism, computationalism, and Cartesian dualism. Embodied

cognition, the idea that the mind is not only connected to the body but that the body influences the mind, is one of the more counter-

intuitive ideas in cognitive science. [mind] arises from the nature of our brain, body, and bodily experiences. Embodied cognition

reflects the argument that the motor system influences our cognition, just as the mind influences the actions of the body.

the perspective of cognition that is embodied is Embodied cognition, the idea that the mind is not only connected to the body but that

the body influences the mind, is one of the more counter-intuitive ideas in cognitive science. ... [the mind] arises from the nature of our

brains, bodies, and bodily experiences.

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Thank You for Watching!

Any Questions?