TWO DIMENSIONAL ARRAYS

By Dr. Karuna
 TWO DIMENSIONAL ARRAYS
• Arrays with two subscripts(dimensions/indices) are
called Two dimensional arrays.
• It is widely used in matrix operations.
• Its syntax is:  
Data_Type Array_Name[Row_Size][Col_Size];
• Here we can note that Two Dimensional Arrays are "an
array of One-Dimensional arrays of elements of same
type".
• Example:
• int a[3][4];
 TWO DIMENSIONAL ARRAYS
• Example:
int a[3][4];
• The above code can be pictorially represented
as shown below:
 Initialization of Two Dimensional Arrays

• 1. Compile time Initialization

Example-1:
int a[2][3] = { { 1, 2, 3 }, { 4, 5, 6 } };
• The above code can be pictorially represented
as shown below
1. Compile time Initialization
 1. Compile time Initialization
• Example-4:
int a[ ][2] = { 11, 2, 3, 4, 5 }; /*Row size = 3 */
int a[ ][4] = { 11, 2, 3, 4, 5 }; /*Row size = 2 */
int a[ ][5] = { 11, 2, 3, 4, 5 }; /*Row size = 1 */
• In 2D’ Arrays Row size is optional but COLUMN
size Compulsory during initializing 2D’ Arrays
at the time of their declaration
 2. Run time Initialization
• Example:
int matrix[2][3];
scanf("%d", &matrix[0][0]); //read data from keyboard into matrix at row=0 col=0.
scanf("%d", &matrix[0][1]); //read data from keyboard into matrix at row=0 col=1.
scanf("%d", &matrix[0][2]); //read data from keyboard into matrix at row=0 col=2.
scanf("%d", &matrix[1][0]); //read data from keyboard into matrix at row=1 col=0.
scanf("%d", &matrix[1][1]); //read data from keyboard into matrix at row=1 col=1.
scanf("%d", &matrix[1][2]); //read data from keyboard into matrix at row=1 col=2.
 Accessing of Array elements
• Example: Program to illustrate reading to two-dimensional array.
#include<stdio.h>
void main()
{
int matrix[2][3], i, j;
printf("enter elements of 2*3 matrix: \n”);
for(i=0;i<2;i++)
{
for(j=0;j<3;j++)
{
scanf("%d", &matrix[i][j]);
}
}
}
 Accessing of Array elements
• Example: Program to illustrate printing of two-dimensional array.
#include<stdio.h>
void main()
{
int matrix[2][3], i, j;
printf("elements of the matrix are: \n”);
for(i=0;i<2;i++)
{
for(j=0;j<3;j++)
{
printf("%d \t", matrix[i][j]);
}
printf(“\n”);
}
}
}
 Program to carry out the following expression
C=A+2*B , where A and B are MXN Matrix
#include<stdio.h>
void main ()
{
int a[10][10], b[10][10], c[10][10], i, j, m, n;
printf(“\n\tEnter the Order of Matrix : “);
scanf(“%d %d”,&m,&n); /* m is ROW & n is COLUMN */
printf(“\n\tEnter %d Elements of Matrix A : “, m * n);
for(i = 0; i < m; i++) /* specify i-th Row */
{
for(j = 0; j < n; j++) /* specify j-th Column */
{
scanf(“%d”,&a[ i ][ j ]);
}
}
Program to carry out the following expression
C=A+2*B , where A and B are MXN Matrix

printf(“\n\tEnter %d Elements of Matrix B: “, m * n);

for(i = 0; i < m; i++) /* specify i-th Row */
{
for(j = 0; j < n; j++) /* specify j-th Column */
{
scanf(“%d”,&b[ i ][ j ]);
}
}
Program to carry out the following expression
C=A+2*B, where A and B are NXN Matrix

printf(“\n\tCarry out the equation C=A+2*B \n”);

for(i = 0; i < m; i++) /* specify i-th Row */
{
for(j = 0; j < n; j++) /* specify j-th Column */
{
c[i][j]=a[ i ][ j ]+2*b[ i ][ j ];
}
}
Program to carry out the following expression
C=A+2*B , where A and B are NXN Matrix
printf(“\n\tThe resultant Matrix is: ” );
for(i = 0; i < m; i++) /* specify i-th Row */
{
for(j = 0; j < n; j++) /* specify j-th Column */
{
printf(“%d\t”,c[ i ][ j ]);
}
printf(“\n”);
}
} /* closing of main */
Thank you