Mylohyoid line

Symphesis menti

Angle
 At 3 years
At birth

At 6 years

Adult
Old age (edentulous)
 Mandible at
Mandible at birth
birth

*The body of the mandible:

1- Is too small.
2- Consists of two separate halves that unite at the
midline by fibrous tissue (the area of union called
symphysis menti) .
3- No teeth erupted at that age.
*The mandibular canal runs near the lower border
of the mandible.
*The mental foramen is below the crypt of D.
 The
The ramus
ramus of
of the
the mandible
mandible at
at birth
birth
The condyle is present at one line with the upper border
of the mandible.
The coronoid process present at higher level than the
condyle
The sigmoid notch is shallow
Mandibular angle:
170◦

--No mental

protuberance
At 33 years
At years (after
(afterthe
theeruption
eruptionof
ofall
alldeciduous
deciduousteeth)
teeth)

The two halves of mandible joint at the symphysis menti

area from below upward by bone at the end of 1st year.
The
The body
body of
of the
the mandible
mandible
1- Elongates especially behind mental foramen to
accommodate for the developing permanent molars.
2- Increases in height by the growth of the alveolar
process, accompany the eruption of all the deciduous
teeth and bone deposition at the lower border of the
mandible

++++
The
The ramus
ramus of
of the
the mandible
mandible at
at 33 years
years old
old

1-The condyle is at a lower level than the coronoid

process
2-The sigmoid notch becomes deeper .
3-The mental foramen is below the socket of D
4- Mandibular angle becomes 140◦
 Mandible at
Mandible at 66 years
years(mixed
(mixeddentition
dentition period)
period)
*Mixed dentition period started to occur by the
eruption of the 1st permanent molar.
Mandibular angle is 1200

Mental foramen opens nearly midway between upper

and lower border of the mandibular body.
Mandibular canal is situated little above the
mylohyoid line.
Mandible at
Mandible at adult
adult age
age

1● Appearance of mental protuberance, which gives

the characteristic, chin appearance of the adult.
2● The mandible increases in length and height due
to the eruption of the permanent teeth and growth of
their alveolar process.
3-The condyle present at a higher level than that of the
coronoid process.

4-The sigmoid notch becomes deeper.

◦
5-The mandibular angle becomes 110-120

20
1
6-The mandibular canal runs parallel to the mylohyoid
Line, midway between upper and lower borders.

7-The mental foramen is present below the socket of

lower 5 & lower 4.
 Mandible in
Mandible in old
old age(
age( edentulous
edentulous mandible)
mandible)
♥Following loss of the teeth
♥ The mandible is reduced in size due to resorption of the
alveolar bone.
♥ The individual tries to bring the upper an lower jaws
near to each other during mastication.
♥ The condyle is more or less
bent backword till it
becomes in a lower level
than the coronoid process.

♥ The sigmoid notch is

shallower than in adult.
At birth At 3 years
D E

At adult age
At 6 years
4
D E 6 4 5 6 7

In old age
The mandibular canal and the mental foramen are
close to the upper border of the body of
mandible.

The ramus is oblique in direction with increasing in

o
the mandibular angle (140 ).

40
1