1 Intro Rizal Family Background LWW Rizal 2021

Life, Works and Writings
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RIZAL
“National Hero and Pride
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TABLE OF PRESENTATION
A. Dr. Jose Rizal - Birth of a National hero
B. Family Background of Dr. Jose Rizal
i. Parents
ii. Children
C. Rizal’s Ancestry
D. Rizal Ancestors in the Father side (Don Francisco Mercado Rizal)
E. Jose Rizal Ancestor in the Mother Side (Doña Teodora Alonso Realonda)
F. The Surname Rizal
G. Rizal House
H. A Good and Middle- Class Family
I. Home Life of Rizal’s Family
J. Jose Rizal Early Influences and Demonstration of Inborn Talents
K. Rizal in Ateneo and UST
L. Noli Me Tangere and El Filibusterismo
M. Rizal's Mi Ultimo Adios and Execution at Bagumbayan

Dr. Jose
Rizal
 Patriot
 Physician
 Man of Letters who was an
inspiration to the Philippine
nationalist movement (La
Solidaridad---Katipunan)

The Birth of National Hero

• in a small town in the province of Laguna, Dr. Jose Protacio Rizal Mercado
y Alonzo Realonda was born on June 19, 1861 in Calamba Laguna, a
legitimate son, according to the birth certificate of Francisco Mercado
and Teodora Alonso.
• born beneath the skies of the country he poetically called “Pearl of the
Orient”.
• He was baptized in the catholic church in Calamba Laguna on June 22,
1861, by the parish priest Father Rufino Collantes , a Filipino priest from
Batangas. His godfather was Pedro Casanas, a native of Calamba and
friend of Rizal’s family.
• Rizal God Father – was Father Pedro Casanas, a close friend of Rizal’s
Family.
• His name “Jose” was chosen by his mother who was a devotee of the
Christian saint “San Jose” or Saint Joseph.
• The Baptismal Certificate was signed and witness by Leoncio Lopez.
28 September 1862
The parochial church of Calamba and the canonical books,
including the book in which Rizal’s baptismal records were
entered, were burned.
* Calamba is a small town nestling at the foot of Mt. Makiling as it

slopes down to Laguna de Bay. Its scenic environment gave the
young Rizal the right impetus for his poetic and artistic creativity.
Its share of unhappiness also shaped noble and heroic spirit. The
surroundings of his home opened to him the many wonders of
nature.
Family Background
of
Dr. Jose Rizal

Jose Rizal Parents

• Francisco Mercado Rizal (1818-1898) – He was the father of Rizal.
o He was born on May 11, 1818 in Biñan, Laguna. His Father studied
Latin and Philosophy at the College of San Jose Manila.
o an industrious farmer whom Rizal called "a model of fathers," came
from Biñan.
o - he inherited . . . Profound sense of dignity
o self-respect, seriousness and self-possession
o a successful farmer
o he loved books
o an excellent model for Rizal that molded him up into a man of honor
o understood the world of humanity which furnished him with greater
respect for other people, and a greater respect to the dignity of labor.
o Jose Rizal father died in Manila on January 5, 1898 at the aged of 79.

Jose Rizal Parents

• Doña Teodora (Teodora Alonso Realonda) (1827-1911)– She was the mother of Rizal.
oShe was born was born in Meisic, Sta. Cruz, Manila on November 9, 1827
and was educated at the College of Santa Rosa, a well- known College for
girls in the City.
oa highly cultured and accomplished woman whom Rizal called "loving and
prudent mother,"
oShe knows Literature and speaks Spanish well and a Mathematician.
otalented and remarkable woman
ohe inherited . . . temperament of the poet and dreamer and bravery for
sacrifice
ohis first teacher
oinculcated the value of knowledge and education to the young Rizal
oa good Mathematician and Manager of business of the Rizal family
oShe died on August 16, 1911, at the aged of 84.

The Rizal Children

• God Blessed the marriage of Francisco Mercado Rizal and Teodora
Alonso Realonda with Eleven (11) Children.
• Two (2) Boys.
• Nine (9) Girls.
 These Children were as follows:
1. Saturnina Rizal – (1850- 1913);
o Saturnina Rizal Hidalgo
o Oldest of the Rizal Children, nickname Neneng.
o She married to Manuel T. Hidalgo of Tanawan, Batangas.
2. Paciano Rizal – (1851- 1930);
o Older brother and confidant of Jose Rizal.

o After Jose Rizal execution, Paciano joined the Philippine Revolution and became
a combat general, after the Revolution.
o Then afterward, Paciano retired to his farm in Los Baños Laguna, where
Paciano lived as a gentleman farmer.
o Paciano died on April 13, 1930 at the aged of 79.
o Paciano had two (2) children a boy and a girl, with his mistress (Severina
Decena).
3. Narcisa Rizal – (1852- 1939)

o Narcisa Rizal Lopez
o Her nickname was Sisa and she married to Antonio Lopez (Nephew of
Father Leoncio Lopez), a school teacher of Morong.
4. Olimpia Rizal – (1855- 1887)

o Olimpia Rizal Ubaldo
o Her nickname was Ypia.
o she married Silvestre Ubaldo, a telegraph operator from Manila.

5. Lucia Rizal– (1857- 1919)

o Lucia Rizal Herbosa
o She married to Mariano Herbosa of Calamba, who was a
Nephew of Father Casanas.
o Herbosa died of Cholera in 1889 and was denied Christian burial
and because he was a brother- in- law of Dr. Jose Rizal.
6. Maria Rizal – (1859- 1945)

o Maria Rizal Cruz
o Biang was her nickname.
o She married to Daniel Faustino Cruz of Biñan Laguna.

7. Jose Rizal – (1861- 1896)

o The greatest Filipino Hero and peerless genius.
o His nickname was “Pepe”.
o During his exile in Dapitan he lived with Josephine Bracken, an Irish girl
from Hong Kong. Rizal had a son by her, but his baby-boy died a few
hours after his birth.
o But still Rizal named him “Francisco” after his father’s name and buried
him in Dapitan.
8. Conception Rizal (1862- 1865)

o Her nickname was Concha
o She died at the aged of 3.
o Her death was Jose Rizal’s first sorrow in life.


• Rizal always called all her sisters as “Doña or Señora” if

married and “Señorita” if Single or not yet married”.
o Example: Doña Ypia
o Señora Saturnina
• Rizal wrote a letter to Blumentritt, on June 23, 1888 while
Rizal is in London. Rizal said that “His Brother Paciano was
the most Noble Filipino and though an “Indio”.
o Rizal describe “Indio” as more generous and nobleman.

Rizal’s
Ancestry

• Rizal was a product of the mixture of races.

• In Rizal’s veins flowed the blood of both East and West. These are the
following;
o Negrito
o Indonesian
o Malay
o Chinese
o Japanese
o Spanish

Rizal Ancestors in the Father

side
(Don Francisco Mercado Rizal)

• Domingo Lamco
o a Chinese immigrant from the Fukien City of Changchow, who arrived in Manila about
the late 1600s.
o At the age of 35, Lam-co was baptized on Sunday (Domingo), June 9, 1697, in the
Parian Church of San Gabriel. In his baptismal records, his parents were simply listed
as Siong-co and Jun-nio. It is believed that his parents belonged to the upper bracket
socially as indicated by the particled -co and -nio at the end of their names. These
two particles correspond to the Spanish Don and Dona which is indicative of social
position.
o He was the Great- great grandfather of Jose Rizal on his father’s side.
o He became a Christian and married to a well- known Chinese Christian girl of Manila
named Ines de la Rosa. Domingo Lamco married Ines de la Rosa who was half his age.
o He used the surname Mercado in the year 1731.
o The Spanish term “Mercado” means “Market” in English.

• Domingo Lam-co settled in Binan, Laguna on the Dominican estate called San Isidro Labrador. He
became a leader among the Chinese community and was a frequent godfather in baptisms and
weddings. He helped in the founding of Tubigan Barrio, the richest part of the estate.
• Domingo married Inez de la Rosa, the daughter of his friend, and was much younger than he.
They married in the Parian Church where he was baptized. Their union was blessed with two
children Francisco and Josefa, who died five days after her birth. Francisco was only two when
he lost his sibling.
• Domingo Mercado and Ines de la Rosa had a son named, Francisco Mercado.
Sources:
• Cua Clan Genealogy. Siongque, Fookien, China.
• Panlasigui, Isidro. "Dr. Jose Rizal's Chinese Ancestry". Fookien Times Yearbook, September 1953.
• Francisco Mercado
o Who resided in Biñan.
o Married to a Chinese- Filipino Mestiza, Cirila Bernacha.
o He was elected as Gobernadorcillo (Municipal Mayor) of the town.
o One of their sons named Juan Mercado (was Jose Rizal’s Grandfather).

• Juan Mercado
o Married Cirila Alejandra, a Chinese- Filipino mestiza.
o Like his father, he was elected Governadorcillo of Biñan.
o Capitan Juan and Capitana Cirila had thirteen children, the youngest was Francisco
Mercado who was the father of Dr. Jose Rizal.
• Francisco Mercado
o At the age of 8 his father died (Juan Mercado).
o He studied Latin and Philosophy in the College of San Jose in Manila.
o He meet and fall in love Alonso Realonda, a student in the College of Santa Rosa.
o Francisco Mercado and Alonso Realonda were married on June 28, 1848 and settled
down in Calamba.

Jose Rizal Ancestor

in the Mother Side
(Doña Teodora
Alonso Realonda)

• Doña Teodora’s family was the descendant of Lakan Dula, who is

the last native King of Tondo.
• Teodora Alonso Realonda
o Her Great-grandfather (Jose Rizal’s maternal great-great-grandfather)
was Eugenio Ursua (of Japanese Ancestry).
• Eugenio Ursua
o Married to a Filipina named Binigna (Surname Unknown).
o Their daughter, Regina.

• Regina Ursua
o Married to Manuel de Quintos which is a Filipino- Chinese lawyer from
Pangasinan.
• Manuel de Quintos
o One of the daughter of Attorney de Quintos and Regina was “Brigida”.
• Brigida de Quintos
o Married to Lorenzo Alberto Alonso which is the prominent Spanish- Filipino
mestizo of Biñan.
o Their children were Narcisa, Teodora, Gregorio, Manuel and Jose
o Teodora was (Dr. Jose Rizal’s mother).

• Materially, socially, and professionally, the family of Teodora Alonso

was better off than the family of her husband.
• In those days when professionals were few, the Alonso clan could
boast of a number of lawyers, priests, engineers and government
officials.
• Teodora, Rizal’s mother whose parents were Lorenzo Alberto Alonso

and Brigida Ochoa belonged to professionally famous family from
Baliuag, Bulacan.

The
Surname
Rizal
• The real surname of the Rizal family was Mercado which was used in the
year 1731 by Domingo Lamco (the paternal great-great-grandfather of Dr.
Jose Rizal), who was a full-blooded Chinese.
• Rizal’s family acquired a second surname “Rizal” which was given by a
Spanish Alcalde Mayor (Provincial Governor) of Laguna, who was a family
friend.
• The Mercados of Calamba chose the unlisted name Rizal, although they
continued to use the name Mercado. Their original application was for the
name Ricial (meaning “the green of young growth” or “green fields”),
which was connected to their livelihood, but this was denied for no
apparent reason.
• Rizal means "Rizal is a Spanish-derived name for Ricial, meaning Rice
Field/Green Field or pasture.
Rizal House
• The house of the Rizal family was one of the distinguished stone
houses in Calamba during Spanish times.
• It was a two-storey building, rectangular in shape, built of adobe
stones and hard-woods, and roofed with red tiles.
• Behind the house were the poultry yard full of turkey’s and chickens
and a big garden of tropical fruit trees- like, atis, balimbing, chico,
macopa, papaya, santol, tampoy, etc.

A Good and Middle- Class Family

• The Rizal family belonged to the “Principalia”, a town aristocracy in
Spanish Philippines. It was one of the distinguished families in
Calamba.
• They owned “carriage” (Carrimata) which was a status symbol of the
ilustrados in Spanish Philippines and a private library (the largest
library in Calamba) which consists of more than 1,000 volumes.

Home Life of Rizal’s Family

• The Rizal family had a simple, contented, and happy life.
• Don Francisco and Doña Teodora loved their children very much, but
they never spoiled them.
• They were strict parents and they trained their children to love
God, to behave well, to be obedient, and to respect people,
especially the old folks.
• Whenever their children, including Jose Rizal, got mischief, they
were given a sound spanking.
• The family believed in the maxim that “ Spare the rod and spoil the
Child”.
Jose Rizal
Early Influences and
Demonstration of Inborn
Talents

Early Influences
• His mother- encouraged him to express his ideas and
sentiments in verse
• “The Story of the Moth” about the mother moth warning its
offspring of the danger of fluttering to close to flame. The little
moth did not heed the advice, thus it was burned by the flame.
gave him the moral lesson that if one must succeed, he must
take risks and prepare for the worst consequences. Without
courage, there will be no glory.

• Jose Rizal at the age of 3 he was able to master the alphabet. He

learned the alphabet from his mother;
• At the age of 3, he began to take part in the family prayers. His
mother, taught him Catholic prayers.
• at 5, while learning to read and write, he already showed
inclinations to be an artist.
• He astounded his family and relatives by his pencil drawings and
sketches and by his moldings of clay.
• He made sketches with his pencil and to mold in clay and wax
objects. His sisters laughed at him in spending too much time in
making images. He told them: “All right laugh at me now: Someday
when I die, people will make monuments and images of me!”.
• He was 5 when was able to read the Bible. He took active part in
the church, tools part in novenas and religious processions. He was
fondly called “Manong Jose”.

• Drama Writer- at the age of 8 he wrote his first

dramatic work which was a Tagalog Comedy. The
Gobernadorcillo from Paete, Laguna saw the play
and was delighted so he bought it for 2 pesos to be
staged in their town fiesta.
• Iun 1869 , at the age of 8 he was able to write a
poem entitled “Sa aking Kabata or To My Fellow
Children”, the theme of which revolves on the love of
one’s language.

• His second Poem was written at the age of 9. It is entitled “My first
Inspiration”(Mi Primera Inspiracion). This poem was dedicated to his
mother.
• Boy Magician- with his hands he showed different tricks such as

making a coin appear or disappear in his fingers and making a
handkerchief vanish in the air.

• 1865 – 1867
- During this time his mother taught him how to read and write. His father
hired a classmate by the name of Leon Monroy who, for five months until his
(Monroy) death, taught Rizal the rudiments of Latin.
- At about this time two of his mother’s cousin frequented Calamba. Uncle
Manuel Alberto, seeing Rizal frail in body, concerned himself with the
physical development of his young nephew and taught the latter love for the
open air and developed in him a great admiration for the beauty of nature,
while Uncle Gregorio, a scholar, instilled into the mind of the boy love for
education. He advised Rizal: "Work hard and perform every task very
carefully; learn to be swift as well as thorough; be independent in thinking
and make visual pictures of everything."

• 6 June 1868
- With his father, Rizal made a pilgrimage to Antipolo to fulfill the vow
made by his mother to take the child to the Shrine of the Virgin of
Antipolo should she and her child survive the ordeal of delivery which
nearly caused his mother’s life.
- From there they proceeded to Manila and visited his sister Saturnina
who was at the time studying in the La Concordia College in Sta. Ana.

• 1870
- His brother Paciano brought Rizal to Biñan, Laguna. He was placed under the
tutelage of Justiniano Aquino Cruz, studying Latin and Spanish. In this town
he also learned the art of painting under the tutorship of an old painter by
the name of Juancho Carrera.
• 17 December 1870
- Having finished his studies in Biñan, Rizal returned to Calamba on board the
motorboat Talim. His parents planned to transfer him to Manila where he
could continue his studies.
• 1871
- His mother was imprisoned in Sta. Cruz, Laguna for allegedly poisoning the
wife of her cousin Jose Alberto, a rich property owner of Biñan and brother
of Manuel and Gregorio.
• 1872
- For the first time, Rizal heard of the word
“filibustero” which his father forbids the members
of his family to utter, including such names as
Cavite and Burgos. (It must be remembered that
because of the Cavite Mutiny on January 20, 1872,
Fathers Mariano Gomez, Jose Burgos and Jacinto
Zamora were garroted at Bagumbayan Field on
February 17, 1872.)
RIZAL IN ATENEO AND UST

• In 1877, at the age of 16,
- he obtained his Bachelor of Arts degree with an average of "excellent" from
the Ateneo Municipal de Manila. In the same year, he enrolled in Philosophy
and Letters at the University of Santo Tomas, while at the same time took
courses leading to the degree of surveyor and expert assessor at the Ateneo.

• He finished the latter course on March 21, 1877 and

passed the Surveyor’s examination on May 21, 1878;
but because of his age, 17, he was not granted license to
practice the profession until December 30, 1881.
• In 1878, he enrolled in medicine at the University of
Santo Tomas but had to stop in his studies when he felt
that the Filipino students were being discriminated
upon by their Dominican tutors.
• On May 3, 1882, he sailed for Spain where he continued
his studies at the Universidad Central de Madrid.
• On June 21, 1884, at the age of 23, he was conferred the

degree of Licentiate in Medicine and on June 19, 1885, at
the age of 24, he finished his course in Philosophy and
Letters with a grade of “excellent.”
• Having travelled extensively in Europe, America and Asia,
he mastered 22 languages. These include Arabic, Catalan,
Chinese, English, French, German, Greek, Hebrew, Italian,
Japanese, Latin, Malayan, Portuguese, Russian, Sanskrit,
Spanish, Tagalog, and other native dialects.

• He was an expert swordsman and a good shot. In the hope of

securing political and social reforms for his country and at the
same time educate his countrymen, Rizal, the greatest apostle of
Filipino nationalism, published, while in Europe, several works
with highly nationalistic and revolutionary tendencies.

• In March 1887,
- his daring book, NOLI ME TANGERE, a
satirical novel exposing the arrogance and
despotism of the Spanish clergy, was
published in Berlin; in 1890 he reprinted in
Paris, Morga’s SUCCESSOS DE LAS ISLAS
FILIPINAS with his annotations to prove that
the Filipinos had a civilization worthy to be
proud of even long before the Spaniards set
foot on Philippine soil.

• on September 18, 1891,

- EL FILIBUSTERISMO, his second novel
and a sequel to the NOLI and more
revolutionary and tragic than the
latter, was printed in Ghent. Because
of his fearless exposures of the
injustices committed by the civil and
clerical officials, Rizal provoked the
animosity of those in power.

• This led himself, his relatives and countrymen into trouble

with the Spanish officials of the country.
• As a consequence, he and those who had contacts with
him were shadowed; the authorities were not only
finding faults but even fabricating charges to pin him
down.
• Thus, he was imprisoned in Fort Santiago from July 6,
1892 to July 15, 1892 on a charge that anti-friar
pamphlets were found in the luggage of his sister Lucia
who arrives with him from Hong Kong.
• When the Philippine Revolution started on August 26, 1896, his

enemies lost no time in pressing him down.
• They were able to enlist witnesses that linked him with the
revolt and these were never allowed to be confronted by him.
• Thus, from November 3, 1886, to the date of his execution, he
was again committed to Fort Santiago. In his prison cell, he
wrote an untitled poem, now known as "Ultimo Adios" which is
considered a masterpiece and a living document expressing not
only the hero’s great love of country but also that of all
Filipinos.
• After a mock trial, he was convicted of rebellion, sedition and of forming illegal
association.
• In the cold morning of December 30, 1896, Rizal, a man whose 35 years of life had
been packed with varied activities which proved that the Filipino has capacity to
equal if not excel even those who treat him as a slave, was shot at Bagumbayan
Field.

Thank You for Listening……..
Sources
• Books
• Gregorio Zaide & Sonia Zaide (2011). Rizal Life, Works and Writings of
a Genius, Writer, Scientist and National Hero. 2nd Edition. All Nations
Publishing Co., Inc. Cubao Quezon City, Philippines.
• J.A Lopez & A.E Paras.,(2010). Rizal: Life Works and Writings of the
Greatest Malayan 3rd Edition. HisGoPhil Publishing House, Inc.

-End-

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Life, Works and Writings

EMILIO AGUINALDO COLLEGE ISO 9001: 2015 CERTIFIED

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The Birth of National Hero

* Calamba is a small town nestling at the foot of Mt. Makiling as it

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Jose Rizal Parents

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Jose Rizal Parents

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The Rizal Children

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3. Narcisa Rizal – (1852- 1939)

4. Olimpia Rizal – (1855- 1887)

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5. Lucia Rizal– (1857- 1919)

6. Maria Rizal – (1859- 1945)

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7. Jose Rizal – (1861- 1896)

8. Conception Rizal (1862- 1865)

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• Rizal always called all her sisters as “Doña or Señora” if

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• Rizal was a product of the mixture of races.

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Rizal Ancestors in the Father

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Jose Rizal Ancestor

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• Doña Teodora’s family was the descendant of Lakan Dula, who is

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• Materially, socially, and professionally, the family of Teodora Alonso

• Teodora, Rizal’s mother whose parents were Lorenzo Alberto Alonso

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A Good and Middle- Class Family

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Home Life of Rizal’s Family

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• Jose Rizal at the age of 3 he was able to master the alphabet. He

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• Drama Writer- at the age of 8 he wrote his first

VIRTUE EXCELLENCE SERVICE

• Boy Magician- with his hands he showed different tricks such as

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RIZAL IN ATENEO AND UST

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