WASTE

WASTE
• a material, substance, or byproduct
eliminated or discarded as no
longer useful or required after the
completion of a process.
• are unwanted or unusable
materials.
• any substance which is discarded
after primary use, or is worthless,
defective and of no use. 

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 TYPES OF WASTE
•BIODEGRADABLE
•NON-BIODEGRADABLE
•RECYCLABLE
•HAZARDOUS

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 BIODEGRADABLE
• Type of waste which can be broken down, in a reasonable amount
of time, into its base compound by micro-organisms and other
living things, regardless of what those compounds may be.
•  is any product that can be easily broken down naturally by
water, oxygen, the sun's rays, radiation, or microorganisms. In
the process, organic forms of matter are broken down into simpler
units. The matter is decomposed and will eventually return to the
soil.

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 NON-BIODEGRADABLE
• is a type of waste which cannot be broken down in a reasonable amount
of time, into its base compound by micro-organisms and other living
things, regardless of what those compounds may be.
•  is defined as a substance that cannot be decomposed or dissolved
naturally and acts as a source of pollution. They may remain on this
planet for many years without any degradation, thereby posing a
critical threat to the environment.

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 RECYCLABLE WASTE
• waste that are converted into reusable material.
• waste which has been separated from the waste stream and set aside
for purposes of recycling, re-use or reclamation.
• waste material retrieved from waste stream and free from
contamination that can still be converted into suitable beneficial use or
for other purposes, including but not limited to papers, scrap metal,
cardboard, aluminum, glass, tin cans and other materials.
• waste that are reusable, renewable, refillable, and ecofriendly.

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 HAZARDOUS WASTE
• waste that has substantial or potential threats to public health or the
environment. Hazardous wastes can be liquids, solids, contained gases, or sludges
(industrial product). Characteristic hazardous wastes are materials that are known or
tested to exhibit one or more of the following hazardous traits:
• Ignitability - Ignitable wastes can create fires under certain conditions, are spontaneously
combustible, or have a flash point less than 60 °C (140 °F). Examples include waste oils and
used solvents.
• Reactivity - Chemical mixing substances to make a medicine and the mixture of a toxic spill
with substances in the effected environment.
• Corrosivity - This means having the property or quality to corrode, erode or eat away. This is
the destructive, harmful, deleterious or corrosive effect of a chemical on a substance.
• Toxicity -  is the degree to which a chemical substance or a particular mixture of substances
can damage and poison an organism.
• waste materials harmful to human health or to the environment when not properly
treated, stored or disposed of, or mismanaged.

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 CLASSIFICATION OF SOLID WASTE

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6 NEGATIVE
EFFECTS
OF WASTE
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 6 NEGATIVE EFFECTS OF WASTE
1. SOIL CONTAMINATION
known also as land degradation is caused by the presence of
xenobiotics (human-made) chemicals or other alteration in the natural
soil environment. It is typically caused by industrial activity, agricultural
chemicals or improper disposal of waste.

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 6 NEGATIVE EFFECTS OF WASTE
2. WATER CONTAMINATION
is the contamination/pollution of water bodies, usually as a result of
human activities. Water bodies include for example are lakes, rivers, 
oceans, aquifers and groundwater. Water pollution results
when contaminants are introduced into the natural environment.

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 6 NEGATIVE EFFECTS OF WASTE
3. EXTREME WEATHER CAUSED BY CLIMATE
CHANGE
includes both global warming driven by human
emissions of greenhouse gases and the resulting
large-scale shifts in weather patterns.
The largest driver of global warming is the
emission of greenhouse gases of which more
than 90% are  carbon dioxide and methane. Fossil
fuel burning (coal, oil, and natural gas) for energy
consumption is the main source of these
emissions, with additional contributions from
agriculture, deforestation, and manufacturing.

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 6 NEGATIVE EFFECTS OF WASTE
4. AIR CONTAMINATION
known also as Air Pollution is the release of gases and small fragments of
human-made particles and chemicals into the air, the concentration of
which is harmful to all living and breathing creatures on this planet.

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 6 NEGATIVE EFFECTS OF WASTE
5. HARM TOWARDS ANIMALS AND MARINE LIFE
Humans are not the only ones affected by improper
garbage disposal—animals are too. Garbage dumping and
discharging raw or untreated sewage can threaten marine
life and animals who come in contact with the water. This
contamination not only destroys their habitat it can also
affect human consumption as fish and shellfish that were
feasting off of contaminated areas reach fishermen and
are caught for human consumption. Old fishing lures,
plastic bottles, rope, Styrofoam, cigarette butts and fishing
lines can be consumed by marine animals leading to the
death of millions each year.

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 6 NEGATIVE EFFECTS OF WASTE
6. HUMAN LIFE DAMAGE
The occurrence of adverse health effects is dependent on the way the waste and hazardous
chemical enters the body. Some hazardous chemicals absorb rapidly through the skin,
while others don’t at all. The toxicity of a chemical also determines the effect on the body. 

• Health Illness/ Condition

• Physiological malfunctions
• (e.g., kidney failure, reproductive impairment)
• Behavior abnormalities
• Cancer
• Genetic mutations
• Physical deformations
• Birth defects

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