Kulbhaskar Ashram PG College

Prayagraj
A presentation on
Sewage Treatment Plant

Submitted to –Dr. Priya Srivastava Submitted by

Bicky Yadav
HOD of Biotechnology B.Sc Biotech.
Department 6th semester
Roll no.
1910019021005
 PROJECT WORK
ON

SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT OF NAINI PRAYAGRAJ

Biotechnology department, semester 6

Kulbhaskar Ashram PG College
BICKY YADAV
Treatment Steps
Step 1. Screening and Pumping
The incoming wastewater passes through screening equipment
where objects such as rags, wood fragments, plastics, and grease
are removed.
The material removed is washed and pressed and disposed of in a
landfill.
The screened wastewater is then pumped to the next step.
Step 2: Grit Removal
In this step, heavy but fine material such as sand
and gravel is removed from the wastewater.
This material is also disposed off in a landfill.
Step 3: Primary Settling
 The material, which will settle, but at a slower rate than step 2, is taken
out using large circular tanks called clarifiers.
 The settled materials, called primary sludge, is pumped off the bottom
and the wastewater exits the tank from the top.
 Floating debris such as grease is skimmed off the top and sent with the
settled materials to digesters.
 In this step, chemicals are also added to remove phosphorus.
Step 4: Aeration/Activated Sludge
 In this step, the wastewater receives most of its treatments.
 Through biological degradation, the pollutants are consumed by
micro-organisms and transformed into cell tissue, water and nitrogen.
 The biological activity occurring in this step is very similar to what
occurs at the bottom of lakes and river, but in these areas the
degradation takes years to accomplish.
Step 5: Secondary Settling
 Large circular tanks called secondary clarifier allow the treated
wastewater to separate from the biology from the aeration tanks at this
step, yielding and effluent, which is now over 90% treated.
 The biology (activated sludge) is continuously pumped from the
bottom of the clarifiers and returned to the aeration tanks in step 4.
Step 6: Filtration
The clarified effluent is polished in this step by filtering
through 10 micron polyester media.
The material captured on the surface of the disc filters is
periodically backwashed and return to the head of the
plant for treatment.
Step 7: Disinfection
To assure the treated wastewater is virtually free of
bacteria, UV disinfection is used after the filtration step.
The UV treatment process kills remaining bacteria to levels
within our discharge permit.
Step 8: Oxygen uptake
 The treated water, now in very stabilised high quality state, is aerated if
necessary to bring the dissolved oxygen upto permit level.
 After this step, the treated water passes through the effluent outfall where it
joins the River.
 The water discharged to the river must meet stringent requirements set by the
DNR.
 Pollutant removal is maintained at 98% or greater.
Sludge Treatment
The primary sludge pumped from the bottom of the
primary clarifiers in step 3, along with the continuous flow
of waste activated sludge from the aeration/ activated
sludge process in step 4, must be treated to reduce volume
and produce a usable end product.
Experiments in STP
Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD)
Chemical oxygen demand(COD)
Dissolved Oxygen(DO)
Total Suspended Solids(TSS)
Potential of Hydrogen(Ph)
Fecal test
Experiments performed by me
Biochemical Oxygen
Demand(BOD)-
Procedure to Determine the Biological Oxygen Demand of Water:
1.Preparation of 6 bottles, two for inlet, two for blank and two for outlet.
2.Blank bottles will be filled with only 300 ml diluted water.
3. For inlet, two bottles will be prepared of 300 ml each, for that , we need
measuring cylinder of 1 L.
4.For the 700 ml preparation of inlet we need 21 ml sample plus 679 ml distilled
water.
5.Then we will pour the solution in two bottles of inlet.
6.Again we will prepare 700 ml for outlet. We need 70 ml sample plus 630 ml of
diluted water =700 ml.
7.We are ready with the prepared bottles three will be initial
and three will be final.
8.The final bottles are kept for five days in BOD incubator
that is blank, inlet,outlet.
9.Addition of chemicals –
2 ml of manganese sulfate (MnSO4)
2 ml of Sodium azile
10.Close the lid and shake well.
11.Add sulfuric acid and shake.
12.Take a conical flask, then fill it with the inlet solution upto
203 to 205 ml.
13.Then put the starch indicator 2-3 drops or 1 ml.
14.After that we will titrate it with thiosulfate solvent.
15.Thiosulfate solvent will be filled in the burette.
16.Titration will be carried on and the color will
change into transparent/colorless.
17.Note down the readings.
18.After 5 days the final reading is also taken down by
the same procedure.
Thank You