REMINDERS

• PLEASE MUTE YOUR MICS.

• IF THERE ARE ANY QUESTIONS YOU
CAN USE THE REACTION BUTTONS OR
Y O U C A N E N T E R T H E M I N T H E C H AT
BOX.
• AS MUCH AS POSSIBLE, PLEASE TURN
YOUR WEBCAMS ON.
• IF THERE ARE ANY TECHNICAL
P R O B L E M S I N Y O U R PA R T, P L E A S E
INFORM THE CLASS USING THE
MESSENGER GC (Group Chat)
 O
D W
NO
DO NOW

In this guessing game, students think of a

secret job. Then, they have to write down a few
hints using the following modal verbs:
 
• HAVE TO
• DON’T HAVE TO
• NEEDN’T
• MUSTN’T
 D A
O
M
S
 O D
M
LS These are auxiliary
(helping) verbs
that state the way
or mode in which
something done.
MODALS OF ABILITY

Modals are used in expressing ability—

negative, positive, and even past ability.
Modals include can, cannot (can’t), could
and could not (couldn’t).

MODA
MODALS OF ABILITY
• I can speak four languages. (positive
ability)
• I can’t speak four languages. (negative
ability)
• I could speak four languages when I was
18 years old. (past ability)

MODA
MODALS OF POSSIBILITY

Modals are used in expressing—in the

present, future, or even in past possibility.
They include may, might, could, must, have
to, must have, could have.

MODA
MODALS OF POSSIBILITY
(PRESENT)
Question : Have you seen my books?
• It may be on your table.
• It might be on your table.
• It could be on your table.

MODA
 MODALS OF POSSIBILITY
(PAST)
May/Might/Could/Must + Have + Past Participle
of the Verb
• I might have gone to the party.
• He may have worked late.
• She could have submitted the report.
• They must have won the game
N O T E ! ! May is more formal and is
often found in writing while might is
less formal and often used.
MODALS OF PERMISSION

Modals are used in asking and giving and

refuting permission and request. Modals
include can, could and may. These modals
only vary in the level of politeness and
formality.

MODA
 MODALS OF PERMISSION

Asking permission:
• Can I borrow your book?
• Could I borrow your book?
• May I borrow your book?

N O T E ! ! Could sounds more polite

than can, while may is more formal.
 MODALS OF PERMISSION

Granting permission:
• Could I borrow your book? Yes, you can.
• Could I borrow your book? Yes, you may.

N O T E ! ! Can is more common in

granting permission verbally, since
may is more formal.