APPLICATION OF

HYRDROELECTRICITY
Izaiah Joshua B. Tentado
4EEA
 MAJOR APPLICATIONS OF HYDRO POWER PLANT
• PEOPLE HAVE USED MOVING WATER TO HELP THEM IN THEIR WORK THROUGHOUT HISTORY, AND
MODERN PEOPLE MAKE GREAT USE OF MOVING WATER TO PRODUCE ELECTRICITY. NO DOUBT, JACK
THE CAVEMAN STUCK SOME STURDY LEAVES ON A POLE AND PUT IT IN A MOVING STREAM. THE WATER
WOULD SPIN THE POLE THAT CRUSHED GRAIN TO MAKE THEIR DELICIOUS, LOW-FAT PREHISTORIC BRAN
MUFFINS.  FOR MANY CENTURIES, WATER POWER WAS USED TO DRIVE MILLS TO GRIND GRAIN INTO
FLOUR. PEOPLE HAVE USED MOVING WATER TO HELP THEM IN THEIR WORK THROUGHOUT HISTORY,
AND MODERN PEOPLE MAKE GREAT USE OF MOVING WATER TO PRODUCE ELECTRICITY.
• The controll the floods in the river
• To produced electricity
• To store the water for irrigation
• To store the drinking water
• To supply a drinking water
• Small hydro power plant is used for serving a small community or industrial plant
• Micro hydro power plant is used to provide power to an isolated home

• Hydro Power Hydropower uses the energy of moving water for a variety of useful applications.
Hydroelectricity generates electricity by harnessing the gravitational force of falling water. In 2006,
hydroelectricity supplied around 20% of the world’s electricity. Most hydroelectric power stations use
water held in dams to drive turbines and generators which turn mechanical energy into electrical energy.
 Types of HydroElectricity
1.Run of River Hydropower
2.Storage Hydropower
3.Pumped Storage Hydropower
4.Offshore Hydropower
RUN-OF-RIVER HYDROPOWER: A FACILITY THAT CHANNELS FLOWING WATER
FROM A RIVER THROUGH A CANAL OR PENSTOCK TO SPIN A TURBINE. TYPICALLY A
RUN-OF-RIVER PROJECT WILL HAVE LITTLE OR NO STORAGE FACILITY. RUN-OF-
RIVER PROVIDES A CONTINUOUS SUPPLY OF ELECTRICITY (BASE LOAD), WITH SOME
FLEXIBILITY OF OPERATION FOR DAILY FLUCTUATIONS IN DEMAND THROUGH
WATER FLOW THAT IS REGULATED BY THE FACILITY.
STORAGE HYDROPOWER: TYPICALLY A LARGE SYSTEM THAT USES A DAM TO STORE WATER
IN A RESERVOIR. ELECTRICITY IS PRODUCED BY RELEASING WATER FROM THE RESERVOIR
THROUGH A TURBINE, WHICH ACTIVATES A GENERATOR. STORAGE HYDROPOWER PROVIDES
BASE LOAD AS WELL AS THE ABILITY TO BE SHUT DOWN AND STARTED UP AT SHORT NOTICE
ACCORDING THE DEMANDS OF THE SYSTEM (PEAK LOAD). IT CAN OFFER ENOUGH STORAGE
CAPACITY TO OPERATE INDEPENDENTLY OF THE HYDROLOGICAL INFLOW FOR MANY WEEKS
OR EVEN MONTHS.
PUMPED STORAGE HYDROPOWER: PROVIDES PEAK-LOAD SUPPLY,
HARNESSING WATER WHICH IS CYCLED BETWEEN A LOWER AND UPPER
RESERVOIR BY PUMPS WHICH USE SURPLUS ENERGY FROM THE SYSTEM
AT TIMES OF LOW DEMAND. WHEN ELECTRICITY DEMAND IS HIGH, WATER
IS RELEASED BACK TO THE LOWER RESERVOIR THROUGH TURBINES TO
PRODUCE ELECTRICITY.
OFFSHORE HYDROPOWER: A LESS ESTABLISHED BUT
GROWING GROUP OF TECHNOLOGIES THAT USE TIDAL
CURRENTS OR THE POWER OF WAVES TO GENERATE
ELECTRICITY FROM SEAWATER.
  ADVANTAGES
1. HYDROELECTRICITY OF HYDROELECTRICITY
IS A RENEWABLE ENERGY SOURCE.
2. HYDROELECTRICITY MAKES IT FEASIBLE TO UTILIZE OTHER
RENEWABLE SOURCES.
3. HYDROELECTRICITY PROMOTES GUARANTEED ENERGY AND PRICE
STABILITY.
4. HYDROELECTRICITY CONTRIBUTES TO THE STORAGE OF
DRINKING WATER.
5. HYDROELECTRICITY INCREASES THE STABILITY AND RELIABILITY
OF ELECTRICITY SYSTEMS.
6. HYDROELECTRICITY HELPS FIGHT CLIMATE CHANGES.
7. HYDROELECTRICITY IMPROVES THE AIR WE BREATHE.
8. HYDROELECTRICITY OFFERS A SIGNIFICANT CONTRIBUTION TO
DEVELOPMENT.
9. HYDROELECTRICITY MEANS CLEAN AND CHEAP ENERGY FOR
TODAY AND FOR TOMORROW.
10. HYDROELECTRICITY IS A FUNDAMENTAL INSTRUMENT FOR
 Hydroelectric power is not perfect, though, and does have some disadvantages

1.HIGH INVESTMENT COSTS

2. HYDROLOGY DEPENDENT (PRECIPITATION)
3. IN SOME CASES, INUNDATION OF LAND AND WILDLIFE
HABITAT
4. IN SOME CASES, LOSS OR MODIFICATION OF FISH
HABITAT
5. FISH ENTRAINMENT OR PASSAGE RESTRICTION
6. IN SOME CASES, CHANGES IN RESERVOIR AND STREAM 
WATER QUALITY
7. IN SOME CASES, DISPLACEMENT OF LOCAL
POPULATIONS